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Python

1. A function say_hello is defined to return a greeting with the recipient's name inserted. It is called with 'Tim' as the argument. 2. A function square is defined to calculate the square of a number. It uses NumPy to generate a random integer and calculate its square. 3. The squared value is printed along with the original number. 4. The output of the squaring calculation is checked by printing the original number and squared value.

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33 views17 pages

Python

1. A function say_hello is defined to return a greeting with the recipient's name inserted. It is called with 'Tim' as the argument. 2. A function square is defined to calculate the square of a number. It uses NumPy to generate a random integer and calculate its square. 3. The squared value is printed along with the original number. 4. The output of the squaring calculation is checked by printing the original number and squared value.

Uploaded by

kalash satypal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment no 7:

1. Write python function to count number of words in a file.

Program:

file = open("sample.txt", "rt")

data = file.read()

words = data.split()

print('Number of words in text file :', len(words))

output:

Number of words in text file : 8

2. Write python program to create a file F3 by copying one line each alternately from file1 and file 2.

Program 1:
with open('sample.txt') as fh1, open('second.txt') as fh2,
open('readme.txt', 'w') as f:

for line1, line2 in zip(fh1, fh2):

# line1 from abc.txt, line2 from test.txtg

print(line1+line2)

lines = [ line1+line2 ]

for line in lines:

f.write(line)

f.write('\n')

Program 2:
1 = open('p1.txt','r')

f2=open("p2.txt","r")

f3=open("p3.txt","w")

for x in range(1,100):

if(x%2!=0):

i=f1.readline()

else:
i = f2.readline()

f3.write(i)

f3.close()

f3=open("p3.txt","r")

print(f3.read())

f1.close()

f2.close()

f3.close()
P1.txt

aman

banana

cat

dog

elephant

p2.txt

zebra

yak

xerox

well

neha

p3.txt

aman

zebra

banana

yak

cat

xerox

dog

well

elephant
neha
______________________________________________________

# Python program to count the


# number of lines in a text file

# Opening a file
file = open("gfg.txt","r")
Counter = 0

# Reading from file


Content = file.read()
CoList = Content.split("\n")

for i in CoList:
if i:
Counter += 1

print("This is the number of lines in the file")


print(Counter)

Output:
This is the number of lines in the file
4

How To Read a File Line by Line using for Loop in Python?

We can read a file line-by-line using a for loop as shown as under:

for line in fie1:


print(line, end = ”)
Python Complete Program Example:
# write three lines in a file
file1 = open(“sample.txt”, “w”)
file1.write(“Line number1\nLine number 2\nLine number 3\n”)
file1.close()
# read all data with read method and display it
file1 = open(“sample.txt”, “r”)
for line in file1:
print(line, end=”)
Output:

Line number1
Line number 2
Line number 3
Experiment no 8:

Example 1

# using array-scalar
type import numpy as
np dt
=np.dtype(np.int32)
printdt

The output is as follows −


int32

Example 2

#int8, int16, int32, int64 can be replaced by equivalent string 'i1', 'i2','i4', etc. import
numpy as np

dt =np.dtype('i4')
printdt

The output is as follows −


int32

Example 3

# using endian
notation import
numpy as np dt
=np.dtype('>i4')
printdt

The output is as follows −

>i4

The following examples show the use of structured data type. Here, the field name and the
corresponding scalar data type is to be declared.

Example 4

# first create structured data


type import numpy as np dt
=np.dtype([('age',np.int8)])
printdt

The output is as follows −

[('age', 'i1')]
Example 5

# now apply it to ndarray object


import numpy as np

dt =np.dtype([('age',np.int8)]) a
=np.array([(10,),(20,),(30,)],dtype= dt)
print a

The output is as follows −

[(10,) (20,) (30,)]

Example 6

# file name can be used to access content of age column import


numpy as np

dt =np.dtype([('age',np.int8)]) a
=np.array([(10,),(20,),(30,)],dtype= dt)
print a['age']

The output is as follows −

[10 20 30]

Example 7

The following examples define a structured data type called student with a string field 'name', an
integer field 'age' and a float field 'marks'. This dtype is applied to ndarray object.

import numpy as np

student =np.dtype([('name','S20'),('age','i1'),('marks','f4')]) printstudent

The output is as follows −

[('name', 'S20'), ('age', 'i1'), ('marks', '<f4')])

Example 8 import
numpy as np

student =np.dtype([('name','S20'),('age','i1'),('marks','f4')])
a =np.array([('abc',21,50),('xyz',18,75)],dtype= student)
print a

The output is as follows −

[('abc', 21, 50.0), ('xyz', 18, 75.0)]

ndarray.shape
This array attribute returns a tuple consisting of array dimensions. It can also be used to resize the
array. Example 1 import numpy as np a =np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]]) printa.shape

The output is as follows −

(2, 3)

Example 2

# this resizes the ndarray


import numpy as np

a
=np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])
a.shape=(3,2) print a

The output is as follows −

[[1,
2]
[3,
4]

[5, 6]]

Example 3

NumPy also provides a reshape function to resize an array.

import numpy as np a
=np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])
b =a.reshape(3,2) printb

The output is as follows −

[[1,
2]
[3,
4]

[5, 6]]

ndarray.ndim

This array attribute returns the number of array dimensions.

Example 1

# an array of evenly spaced numbers


import numpy as np a
=np.arange(24) print a
The output is as follows −

[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23]

Example 2

# this is one dimensional


array import numpy as np a
=np.arange(24) a.ndim

# now reshape it
b
=a.reshape(2,4,3)
printb

# b is having three dimensions

The output is as follows −

[[[ 0, 1,
2] [ 3,
4, 5]

[ 6, 7, 8]

[ 9, 10, 11]]

[[12, 13, 14]


[15, 16, 17]

[18, 19, 20]

[21, 22, 23]]]


numpy.itemsize

This array attribute returns the length of each element of array in bytes.

Example 1

# dtype of array is int8 (1 byte)


import numpy as np x
=np.array([1,2,3,4,5],dtype= np.int8)
printx.itemsize The output is as
follows −

Example 2

# dtype of array is now float32 (4 bytes)


import numpy as np x
=np.array([1,2,3,4,5],dtype= np.float32)
printx.itemsize

The output is as follows −

Experiment no 9:

ARTISTIC TUTORIAL:

LEGEND GUIDE

Styling with cycler

MATPLOTLIB Advanced

SOURCE CODE:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from matplotlib.path import Path

import matplotlib.patches as patches

verts = [

(0., 0.), # left, bottom

(0.5, 1.), # left, top

(1., 1.), # right, top

(0.5, 0.), # right, bottom

(0., 0.), # ignored

codes = [

Path.MOVETO,

Path.LINETO,

Path.LINETO,

Path.LINETO,

Path.CLOSEPOLY,

path = Path(verts, codes)

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

patch = patches.PathPatch(path, facecolor='orange', lw=2)

ax.add_patch(patch)

ax.set_xlim(-2, 2)

ax.set_ylim(-2, 2)
plt.show()
Practical No.10
Program:-

1) def say_hello(recipient):

return 'Hello, {}!'.format(recipient) say_hello('Tim') -‘Hello’ Tim! 2) import


numpy as np def square(x): return x * x

3) x = np.random.randint(1, 10) y = square(x) print('%d squared is


%d' % (x, y))

-6 squared is 36

4)print('Is %d squared %d?' % (x, y)) -Is 6 squared 36?

5)print('Is %d squared %d?' % (x, y)) y = 10 print('Is %d squared is %d?' % (x, y)) - Is 6
squared 36?
Is 6 squared is 10? 6) %matplotlib inline import pandas as pd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns sns.set(style="darkgrid") df = pd.read_csv('fortune500.csv') df.head()

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