COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA

September - 2021

1
Concept of Telecom / SCADA
System in UTILITIES T&D
Network (DAY-2) Course-2A
SCADA System Network
Application, Automation &
Integration.

September - 2021
PUBLIC INTERNAL RESTRICTED CONFIDENTIAL
 Course : Telecom / SCADA
Course-2A DAY-2 SCADA System Network Application, Automation & Integration

A. INTRODUCTION
1. SCADA System Network Application
2. SCADA System Automation Task

B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details

1. IEC 60870-5-101 / 104 Protocol Brief details.
2. Latest Trend in SCADA System.
3. SCADA Integration with LDC.
4. Brief details in IEC 61850 Communication & TCP / IP Protocol.

C. SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution and Generation

1. SCADA System Utilization in Power Transmission Network.
2. SCADA System Utilization in Power Distribution Network.

RESTRICTED
3. SCADA System Utilization in Power Generation.
4. Tele-information Plan List – TIP List & Mapping of Substation Signal to Master SCADA System.

3
 Introduction of SCADA System

A. INTRODUCTION
1. SCADA System Network Application
 The types of Tele-command and Control applications utilized over a Utility Telecommunications
network.
 Entire Operation Control shall be handled by Load Dispatch Centre (LDC).

 A Very Reliable Supervision, Monitoring & Control System with respect to Safety & Security.

 Back-up of Critical services shall be handled by SCADA System.

 Fully under control of the Electric Utility.

 For the operation and protection of the Electric Power Grid.

 SCADA Systems send Telemetry (information) from substation switchgear (or) Field devices over
communications transport networks to a headend application, where the information is processed,
analyzed, and presented to the SCADA Control Centre Operators.

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 4
 Introduction of SCADA System

A. INTRODUCTION
1. SCADA System Network Application Continued…..
 The newer SCADA System very well utilized for “Smart Grid Network Application” such as for
monitoring and controlling application for Smart Energy Meter in House Area Network (HAN), Smart
Energy Meter in Field Area Network (FAN) i.e., Industrial Energy Meter Application, Solar Power
System & Wind Energy System.
 The Latest SCADA System can be able to Monitor & Control Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)
Energy Meters in House Area Network (HAN).
 The Distributed Energy Resources (DER) generally refers the Home Rooftop Solar Panels, Community
Solar, Solar Farms, Wind Turbines and eventually Energy Storage System located throughout the
Distribution System.
 It is widely used in different areas from Chemical, Gas, Water, Communications and Power systems.

 As we are aware it is very much used in Electric Power Generation, Transmission & Distribution

RESTRICTED
Network application.
 The SCADA System’s are widely used in Railway Traffic Control application (For E.g., Metro Railway
Network), Air Traffic Control application and Road Traffic Control application via the FO Communication
as well as Digital Radio Network.
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 5
 Introduction of SCADA System

A. INTRODUCTION
1. SCADA System Network Application Continued…

 The Electrical Substation Parameter Monitoring.

 Controlling electrical network components remotely. Safety Tagging & High-Resolution Time Stamping.

 Sequence of event reporting for post event analysis.

 Demand side management, Volt / VAR Control, Preventive Maintenance, Fault detection isolation and
restoration.

 The Power Network Utilities (PNU) Software in the SCADA System is to provide the electrical utility
with tools which will enhance the operation of the system in a very cost-effective way and in the present
scenario of low budgets for power utilities to produce and distribute quality power at the minimum cost.

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 6
 Introduction of SCADA System

A. INTRODUCTION
2. SCADA System Automation Task
 Improve overall System efficiency (Capital & Energy) and Monitoring.

 Increased penetration Energy Sources including Renewable Energy Sources.

 Reduced Energy Requirements in both the Transmission and Generation.

 Increased Relativity of Sequence to Essential Loads.

 The Power Network Utilities (PNU) Software in the SCADA System is to provide the electrical utility
with tools which will enhance the operation of the system in a very cost-effective way and in the present
scenario of low budgets for power utilities to produce and distribute quality power at the minimum cost.

 The features and Automation Task in SCADA System’s are Component Modeling, State Estimation,
Bad Data suppression, Contingency Analysis, Fault isolation / islanding, Load Shedding, Volt / Var

RESTRICTED
Scheduling, Dispatcher Power Flow, Short circuit analysis and Network Topology Processor.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 7

 Introduction of SCADA System

A. INTRODUCTION
2. SCADA System Automation Task Continued….
 The Programmable Logic Control (PLC) based Auto / Manual Operation of Roll down Shutters in
Chemical Industry.
 PLC Program for Star Delta Motor Starter, PLC Raw Count Calculation for Pressure Transmitter, Motor
Start Stop Logic & PLC motor operation based on Time Cycle Sequence shall be fully monitored and
controlled by the latest SCADA System in Paper (or) Chemical Industry.
 Facility Managers used in SCADA System to control HVAC, Refrigeration Units, Lighting and Door
Entry Access Systems.
 CCTV System’s shall be fully monitored and controlled in the latest SCADA System.

 Scalable for easy expansion of data and functionality, Immediate access to Power system status, Fast
and easy monitoring of Power System Security.

RESTRICTED
 Excellent support for direct preventive actions and restoration even during disturbance situations.

 Extensive reporting and archiving with possibilities for export and for restoration of archived data.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 8

 SCADA System Used with PLC System

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 9
 SCADA System Used with PLC System

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 10
 SCADA System Used with PLC System

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 11
 Wireless SCADA System Used with PLC System

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 12
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-101 Protocol Brief details
 The IEC 60870-5-101 (also known as IEC 870-5-101) is an international standard, released at the
beginning of the 90ies by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission).
 The protocol has found widespread use in the energy sector and is still used today. It is based on the
EPA architecture (Enhanced Performance Architecture) and defines only the physical link and
application layers of the OSI model.
 IEC 60870-5-101 is primarily used with relatively slow transmission media on the asynchronous V.24
interface. The standard promises baud rates of up to 9600 bit/s, with much higher baud rates (<115200
bit/s) being used. X.24/X.27 interfaces with baud rates up to 64000 bit/s, also part of the standard's
description, could not establish themselves and are rarely used.

 IEC 60870-5-101 is a 'Companion Standard', extended by these further standards:

 IEC 60870-5-1

RESTRICTED
defines different frame formats, though IEC 60870-5-101 uses only the FT1.2 format.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 13

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-101 Protocol Brief details Continued…..
 The IEC 60870-5-2
defines the link layer transmission mode

 IEC 60870-5-3
defines the basic application data structure

 IEC 60870-5-4
defines how information is encoded

 IEC 60870-5-5
defines basic application layer functions

 IEC TS 60870-5-601

RESTRICTED
defines "Conformance Test Cases" for IEC 60870-5-101

 IEC 60870-5-101 was extended and more precisely defined in 2001 by Amendment 2.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 14

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-101 Protocol Brief details Continued…..
 As the original standard left more room for interpretation, there were many different implementations on a
wide range of different devices many of which are mutually incompatible.

 To remedy this situation, major energy utilities, such as RWE, Bayern Werke (E.ON), have developed their
own IEC 60870-5-101 based standards.

 The "Norwegian IEC 870-5-101 User Convention", managing line redundancy, has found wide acceptance
in Scandinavian Countries.

 IEC 60870-5-101 is known for the resilience of its link layer and for its simply structured application layer.
The focus was placed on performance definition, so that some information needed for data decoding is not
transmitted.

RESTRICTED
 For data decoding to work, parameter settings such as information object length, ASDU address length etc.
need to be correct. This is not much of a problem, as interoperability lists help to achieve this.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 15

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-101 Protocol Brief details Continued…..
 In addition to standard protocol functionalities, IEC 60870-5-101 also allows for extensions with proprietary
vendor-specific functions. Though not used too often, this also carries the risk of incompatibilities.

Application Layer IEC 60870-5-101 Companion Standard

7 IEC 60870-5-5, IEC 60870-5-4, IEC 60870-5-3
6 Presentation Layer n/a
5 Session Layer n/a
4 Transport Layer n/a
3 Network Layer n/a
Link Layer balanced unbalanced
2 IEC 60870-5-2 IEC 60870-5-2

RESTRICTED
IEC 60870-5-1 (FT 1.2) IEC 60870-5-1 (FT 1.2)
1 Physical Layer RS232 (V.24) X.24/X.27

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 16

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-101 Protocol Brief details Continued…..
Control Direction
 Single Command
 Double Command
 Setpoint
 Regulating step command.
Physical Layer
 PCM, Full-duplex operation in balanced mode, half-duplex operation in unbalanced mode
Link Layer
 Asymmetric Transmission (Unbalanced mode): Party line (or) Point to point.
Symmetric Transmission (Balanced mode): Only point to point is possible.
Application Layer
 On-demand Transmission (e. g. single indications, analogs, ...)
 Spontaneous Transmission (e. g. single indications with time tag, ...)

RESTRICTED
 Direct Command Transmission (with select before operate)
 Clock Synchronization & File Transfer.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 17

•Address Space
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-101 Protocol Brief details Continued…..
Address Space
 Common Address of ASDU: 1..65535
Information object address: 1..16777215
Link address: 0..65535

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 18
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-101 Protocol Brief details Continued…...
 The IP Route enables fast and cost-efficient coupling of control stations and RTUs using the IEC-
60870-5-101 and IEC-60870-5-104 Communication Standards, profiting from the fact that these
protocols are highly compatible at the application level.
 IP Route is available in conjunction with the respective hardware models SEC3 and MEC2. For
wireless communication, the 4G LTE Cellular Model SEC3M is available.

 IP Route is a Router-based system. The ASDU (Application Service Data Unit) data packet exchange
between the communication components is transparent. The IEC-60870-5-101 Link layer functions

RESTRICTED
and the IEC-60870-5-104 Transport Layer functions are however directly executed by IP Route as
shown in the above diagram.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 19

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-101 Protocol Brief details Continued…...

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 20
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-101 Protocol Brief details Continued….
 The data packets sent by a control station are switched through to either all (or) only a specified
substation depending on the configuration. Conversely, the data packets received by a substation are
transmitted to all (or) specified control stations. The decision where to transmit a packet is made by
using the corresponding common address of ASDU.
 This Transparent Operation of IP Route makes system integration fast and simple. System configuration
is reduced to a few parameters such as the baud rate (or) information object address length.
Configuration of the individual information objects is not required.
 The IEC 870-5-101 balanced, slave for connecting Control Stations via a conventional Serial Port
leased line the "balanced" transport procedure is used. Several V.24 interfaces for connecting a DCE
(Data Communication Equipment) are being provided and used.
 The IEC 870-5-101 unbalanced, slave for connecting control stations via a conventional Serial Port
leased line, using the "unbalanced" mode on the transport layer. Several V.24 interfaces for connecting

RESTRICTED
a DCE are provided.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 21

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol Brief details

 IEC 60870-5-104 (also known as IEC 870-5-104) is an international standard, released in 2000 by the IEC
(International Electrotechnical Commission).

 As can be seen from the standard's full designation 'Network access for IEC 60870-5-101 using standard
transport profiles', its application layer is based on IEC 60870-5-101.

 IEC 60870-5-104 enables communication between Control Station and substation via a standard TCP/IP
network. The TCP protocol is used for connection-oriented secure data transmission.

 IEC 60870-5-104 limits the information types and configuration parameters defined in IEC 60870-5-101
which means that not all functions available in IEC-60870-5-101 are supported by IEC 60870-5-104.

RESTRICTED
 For instance, IEC 60870-5-104 does not support short time stamps (3-byte format), the length of the
various address elements is set to defined maximum values.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 22

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol Brief details Continued……
 But in practice, vendors very often combine the IEC-60870-5-101 Application Layer with the IEC 60870-
5-104 Transport Profile, without paying attention to these restrictions. This might then lead to problems,
if a device strictly applies the standard.

 Interoperability between devices by different vendors is ensured by the interoperability list, which is
defined by the standard. In the list, the function range is defined for each device by marking the
applicable functions. The common denominator between different vendor lists defines the possible
function range.

 The biggest advantage of IEC 60870-5-104 is that it enables communication via a standard network,
which allows simultaneous data transmission between several devices and services. Apart from this, the
same pros and cons apply to IEC 60870-5-104 and IEC-60870-5-101.

RESTRICTED
 Issues that remain to be dealt with are the definition of communication with redundant systems (or)
Networks and, with the use of the internet, data encryption.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 23

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol Brief details Continued……

 The IEC 60870-5-104 Master Server for connecting one or more IEC 60870-5-104 Control Stations via
Ethernet TCP/IP. Data can be fed to the control connection lines individually (1 of n) or simultaneously to
all the respective Substations.
 IP Route supports the configuration of several IP addresses and different port settings. The physical link
is implemented with a 100BaseT Port.
 The IEC 60870-5-104 Client is for connecting IEC 60870-5-104 based substations via TCP/IP Protocol.
It supports both the connection of redundant devices and redundant communication lines.

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 24
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol Brief details Continued……

Application Layer IEC 60870-5-104 Companion Standard

7 IEC 60870-5-5, IEC 60870-5-4

6 Presentation Layer n/a

5 Session Layer n/a

4 Transport Layer TCP (RFC 793)
3 Network Layer IP (RFC 791)
Link Layer PPP (RFC 1661 & RFC Transmission of IP
1662) datagrams over
2 ethernet network (RFC
894)

RESTRICTED
1 Physical Layer X.21 Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 25

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol Brief details Continued……
Control Direction
 Single Command
 Double Command
 Setpoint
 Regulating step command

Application Layer
 On-demand transmission (e. g. single indications, analogs, ...)
 Spontaneous transmission (e. g. single indications with time tag, ...)
 Direct command transmission (with select before operate)
 Clock synchronization & File Transfer.

Address Space

RESTRICTED
 Common Address of ASDU: 1..65535
 Information object address: 1..16777215

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 26

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
1. IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol Brief details Continued……
Country : Saudi Arabia, Customer : Siemens AG, Germany, End Customer : SEC - Saudi Electricity Company

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 27
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
2. Latest Trends in SCADA System
 ProfNet (Process Field Network) is the open industrial Ethernet standard for communication in
the Automation Technology.
 ProfNet (Process Field Network) uses TCP/IP and IT standards.
 It is capable for real-time Ethernet and enables the integration of fieldbus systems.
 The ProfNet (Process Field Network) concept is modular.
 It basically differs in the perception of ProfNet (Process Field Network)
IO and ProfNet (Process Field Network) CBA.
 Both channels can communicate at the same time and on the same bus system either
individually (or) in combination (Parallel Operation).
 In the broader sense, ProfNet (Process Field Network) IO can be considered as direct
successor of Profbus DP.

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 28
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
2. Latest Trends in SCADA System Continued…….
 ProfNet IO (Input - Output) is created in order to connect decentralized periphery with a controller.
The available functions and the real-time attributes are divided into the three conformance classes
CC-A, CC-B and CC-C with respect of the different applications.

 ProfNet CBA (Component Based Automation) is intended for component-based communication via
TCP/IP and the real-time communication in the modular plant engineering.

 A ProfNet IO System consists of the following device types:

• IO Controller for automation tasks

• IO device controlled by an IO controller. The IO device consists of several modules and
submodules. The submodules contain individual input and output signals.
• IO supervisor is a development tool (typically based on a PC) in order to parametrize and

RESTRICTED
diagnose specific IO devices.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 29

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
2. Latest Trends in SCADA System Continued…..
Application Layer IO services & protocols
7 RPC

6 Presentation Layer n/a

5 Session Layer n/a
4 Transport Layer UDP
Network Layer IP, ARP, SNMP, DHCP
3
Link Layer CSMA/CD, VLAN, DCP, MRP,
2 MRRT, LLDP

RESTRICTED
Physical Layer 100BASE-TX, 100BASE-FX
1

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 30

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
2. Latest Trends in SCADA System Continued…..

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 31
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
2. Latest Trends in SCADA System Continued…….

 It is a universal protocol converter for transferring data between different protocols.

 The Converter is based on small to medium applications and has a good performance.

 Cyber Security at the highest level.

 Communication between multiple data sources and Simultaneous use of diverse protocols.

 User-defined mapping of information and Intelligent information processing.

 No much programming required for initial stage commissioning.

RESTRICTED
 Full Redundancy Concept is being adopted for Universal Protocol.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 32

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
2. Latest Trends in SCADA System Continued…….
Cyber Security Features in Latest SCADA System :

 Secure access to all administrative services (HTTPS, SSH, SFTP).

 Role-based access protection with login and password.
 User administration for local users.
 Central user administration via Active Directory (LDAP) and / or RADIUS.
 PKI and Crypto Store for Certificate Management.
 Creation of self-signed certificates and Certificate Signing Requests (CSRs).
 Import and export of certificates.
 Configuration of VPN Tunnels (OpenVPN and IPsec)
 Firewall Features available.
 Safeguarded real-time Linux operating system
 IEC 62351-3 TLS protection for IEC 60870-5-104, IEC 61850, DNP 3.0, TASE.2 Protocol stacks in the

RESTRICTED
Latest SCADA System.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 33

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
2. Latest Trends in SCADA System Continued…….
Network & System Configuration Features in Latest SCADA System :
 Assigning multiple IP addresses to one physical Ethernet interface.

 Network management using an integrated SNMP agent.

 NTP based clock synchronization & HTTPS/SSH/SFTP access.

 DHCP & Bonding.

 Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP).

 VLAN.

RESTRICTED
 SCADA System configuration is completely executed in a Web Browser. No other Special Configuration
Tools are required, a Normal Notebook with a network interface card & web browser are all that is needed.

 Compatible for 5G Network.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 34
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
3. SCADA Integration with LDC
 Communication with remote dispatch systems binary and analogue data acquisition and processing,
directly from the switchyard secondary circuits and from various measuring equipment system.

 Integration of the electric protection devices complex control functions at the substation that can be
performed from local and remote dispatch centers system connection between devices which is
necessary to provide station automation functions.

 Local HMI workstation with the respective software communication control units i.e., Bay control units
and measurement converters, Redundant fiber optic communication network a dedicated module to
operate SMS text-messages alerts and a “WWW server module” which can establish the integrated
connectivity with respective LDC.

 Modular structure of the system bay control units and communication computers to be tailored exactly to

RESTRICTED
the customer requirement's ability to work with various devices under their manufacturers or open
protocols.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 35

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
3. SCADA Integration with LDC Continued…….
 These include Bay Control Units, Digital Protection Devices, Regulators, Disturbance Recorders,
Energy Meters, Transformer Monitoring Systems as well as auxiliary supervision devices, technical and
telecommunication devices, fire protection system devices and others using the system connections
between devices in order to carry out telemetric and station automated functions simultaneous
cooperation with a number of dispatch centers using various communication protocols i.e., DNP3.0,
IEC-870- 5-101 / 102 / 103 / 104, IEC-61850, Modbus ability to perform program interlocks, control
sequences, regulators and automation functions creating an event log with high recording resolution and
configurable size.
 Co-operation with digital protections and bay controllers in 750/500/400/220/110/15kV switchgears.
 Ability to connect digital protections and bay controllers to SCADA /NMS/EMS systems.
 Simultaneous co-operation with Several Dispatch Centres.
 Possibility to operate two independent object's LAN for bay controllers, protection devices and other IED
 Protocols and IP addresses conversion.

RESTRICTED
 Possibility to establish the transparent device connection for communication in dedicated protocol.
 Data recording mode in the case of transmission channel failure.
 Ability to perform station automation functions, bay interlocking, sequences, regulators.
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 36
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
3. SCADA Integration with LDC Continued…….
 Ability to read the archived event log by means of maintenance channel.

 Supervising of operation correctness of all connected devices.

 Self-diagnostic of equipment and transmission channels.

 Star coupler function.

 Scalable, Redundant construction depending on the needs & internal Ethernet switch.

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 37
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
3. SCADA Integration with LDC Continued…….
 Multi Channel and Multi Protocol Transmission which supports for easy integration of SCMS Signal with
LDC which the details are given below;

 versatile protocols: DNP 3.0, PN-EN 60870-5-101/103/104, Modbus, SPA, in MASTER and SLAVE
modes; PN-EN 61850, SNMP up to 80 serial asynchronous channels, speed range 50-115kBd.

 Definable for each channel separately, expendable to 520 channels 3x PHY for one processing unit
SMS messages and alarms by integrated GSM modem.

 Transparent transmission UDP protocol layer transmission carrier on request: PLC, modems, wires,
fiber optic, wireless galvanically isolated interfaces: RS-232, RS-485, Ethernet 100BaseTP/FX & GPRS.

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 38
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
3. SCADA Integration with LDC Continued…….
 Ability to define a set of double receiving and transmitting channels, operated in main and reserve mode
with automated switching and supervising of unused channel.

 Concurrent multiprotocol and multichannel transmission with the ability to define the scope of
transmitted data and controls for each channel.

 Host system - synchronization function is based on protocol data, accuracy 1ms for transmission losses
less than 1min.

 Integrated or external GPS/GLONASS timer with 40 microseconds accuracy.

 NTP/SNTP protocol, 1ms accuracy.

RESTRICTED
 IRIG-B protocol, 10 microseconds accuracy.

 Time service for slave devices: NTP server, IEEE 1588 Precision time protocol, IEC 60870-5-xxx
protocols, IRIG-B.
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 39
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
3. SCADA Integration with LDC Continued…….

 Ability to connect digital protection devices of various types and protocols.

 Co-operation with other devices for data acquisition by means of RS-232, RS-485, fiber optic,
current loop.

 Operation in Redundant Ring (or) Star LAN Configuration and mixed configuration's ability, bay
controllers are operated by redundant object ring and protection devices are connected by star net.

 Different information types from various devices can be linked into one chosen Transmission
Protocol.

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 40
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
3. SCADA Integration with LDC Continued…….
Country : France & Spain. Customer: Siemens AG, Germany. End customer: RTE (Réseau Transport
d’Électricité), France & REE (Red Eléctrica de España) Spain.

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 41
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
3. SCADA Integration with LDC Continued…….

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 42
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
3. SCADA Integration with LDC Continued…….

1) Human-machine Interface (HMI)

 It is an input-output device that presents the process data to be controlled by a human

operator.

 It is used by linking to the SCADA system’s software programs and databases for
providing the management information, including the scheduled maintenance
procedures, detailed schematics, logistic information, trending and diagnostic data for a
specific sensor or machine.

 HMI systems facilitate the operating personnel to see the information graphically.

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 43
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
3. SCADA Integration with LDC Continued…….
1) Human-machine Interface (HMI)

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 44
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
4. Brief details in IEC 61850 Communication & TCP / IP Protocol
 IEC 61850 is the most recent standard for communication networks and systems in substations.
 Its scope of definitions greatly exceeds that of the preceding standard IEC 60870-5-101. IEC
61850 comprises these individual standards:
 IEC 61850-1, 61850-2
Introduction and overview / Glossary
 IEC 61850-3
General requirements
 IEC 61850-4
System and project management
 IEC 61850-5
Communication requirements for functions and device models
 IEC 61850-6
Configuration description language for communication in electrical substations related to IEDs

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 45
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
4. Brief details in IEC 61850 & TCP / IP Protocol Continued…..

 IEC 61850-7-1
Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment - Principles and models

 IEC 61850-7-2
Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment - Abstract communication service
interface (ACSI)

 IEC 61850-7-3
Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment - Common data classes.

 IEC 61850-7-4
Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment - Compatible logical node classes

RESTRICTED
and data classes.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 46

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
4. Brief details in IEC 61850 & TCP / IP Protocol Continued…..
 IEC 61850-8-1
Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) - Mapping to MMS (ISO 9506-1 and ISO 9506-2)
and to ISO/IEC 8802-3.

 IEC 61850-9-1
Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) - Sampled values over serial unidirectional
multidrop point-to-point link.

 IEC 61850-9-2
Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) - Sampled values over ISO/IEC 8802-3.

 IEC 61850-10
Conformance Testing.

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 47
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
4. Brief details in IEC 61850 & TCP / IP Protocol Continued…..
 IEC 61850 is not limited to the transmission format, but also defines a complete data model. It also
introduces an XML-based language (Substation Configuration description Language - SCL) offering a
vendor-independent method of describing devices and their configurations.

 IEC 61850 is supplemented by branch-specific data models (e.g., IEC 61400-25), in which the basic
protocol principles are maintained.

 The standard IEC 61400-25 (communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants) is also
implemented in the protocol stack IEC 61850 Client.

 The mapping is complying with part 4 of the norm (IEC 61400-25 annex C: IEC 61400 per
Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) according to IEC 61850-8-1).

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 48
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
4. Brief details in IEC 61850 & TCP / IP Protocol Continued…..
7 Application Layer Time Sync SV GOOSE GSSE MMS ISO 9506
SNTP Sampled Values Generic Object- Generic Substation Core ACSI Services
Oriented Substation Status Event Connection-oriented ACSE ISO/IEC
Event MMS ISO 9506 8649,8650
Connectionless
ACSE ISO/IEC
8649,10035

6 Presentation Layer n/a n/a ASN.1, BER Connectionless Connection-oriented presentation protocol
ISO/IEC 8824.1 presentation ISO/IEC 8822,8823
ISO/IEC 8649,10035 ASN.1, BER
ASN.1, BER ISO/IEC 8824.1
ISO/IEC 8824.1

5 Session Layer n/a n/a n/a Connectionless Connection-oriented session

session ISO/IEC 8326,8327
ISO/IEC 9548
4 Transport Layer UDP/IP n/a n/a GSSE T-Profile ISO CO T-Profile TCP/IP T-Profile
ISO/IEC 8602 ISO/IEC 8073 ISO Transport on top
of TCP (RFC 1006)

RESTRICTED
3 Network Layer IP (RFC 791) n/a n/a ISO/IEC 9542 ISO/IEC 8473 IP (RFC 791)
2 Link Layer RFC 894 Priority Tagging/VLAN (IEEE 802.1Q) ISO/IEC 8802-2 LLC RFC 894
CSMA/CD (ISO/IEC 8802.3)
1 Physical Layer ISO / IEC 8802.3 ISO/IEC 8802.3 ISO/IEC 8802.3
Ether Type Ether Type

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 49

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
4. Brief details in IEC 61850 & TCP / IP Protocol Continued…..

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 50
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
4. Brief details in ICCP Protocol
 EPRI (Electric Power Research Institute) defined the ICCP protocol (Inter-Control Center
Communication Protocol) based on the TASE.2 IEC standard.

 The IEC standard TASE.2 (also referred to as IEC 60870-6) enables the exchange of time-critical
information between control systems via WAN and LAN.

 TASE stands for 'Telecontrol Application Service Element', it is identical to the ICCP protocol and
contains these individual standards:
 IEC 60870-6-503
TASE.2 Services and protocols
 IEC 60870-6-702
Functional profile for providing the TASE.2 application service in end systems
 IEC 60870-6-802

RESTRICTED
TASE.2 Object models.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 51

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
4. Brief details in ICCP Protocol Continued……
7 Application Layer TASE.2
MMS ISO 9506
ISO 8650 ACSE
6 Presentation Layer ISO 8823/8825
ASN.1, BER (Basic Encoding Rules)
ISO/IEC 8824.1
5 Session Layer Connection oriented session
ISO/IEC 8327
4 Transport Layer ISO/IEC 8073 TP4 RFC 1006 ISO/IEC RFC 1070 ISO/IEC
8073 TP0 over TCP 8073 TP4 over UDP

3 Network Layer CLNP - ISO/IEC 8473 IP (RFC 791)

RESTRICTED
2 Link Layer ISO/IEC 8802-2 LLC
1 Physical Layer ISO/IEC 8802.3

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 52

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
B. SCADA System Communication Protocol Details
4. Brief details in ICCP Protocol Continued……

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 53
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
1. SCADA System Utilization in Power Transmission Network
 In today's digital world, we are looking for new opportunities to automate and accelerate our workflows
and industrial processes.
 Since the invention of the computer and the internet, machines begin to integrate computing technologies
within the system.
 This advancement in conventional systems started the new age of the industrial revolution and like any
other system, the power system is no exception.
 Power Systems have evolved according to the needs of investors, consumers, and operators over the
past decades. Enterprise resource planning solutions has led power systems to automate.
 So, Power Systems began to incorporate the SCADA system in the late 20th Century. Before we know
what SCADA, Systems are, we need to consider the history first.
 Transmission line corresponding circuit model parameters are often in error as compared to values
measured by the SCADA system.
 Without a SCADA system, these errors cause the economic dispatch to be erroneous, and hence, lead to
increased costs or incorrect billing.

RESTRICTED
 These errors could also affect state estimator analysis, contingency analysis, short circuit analysis,
distance relaying, machine stability calculations, and transmission planning in case of expansion.
Therefore, SCADA integration into the transmission system is significantly considered.
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 54
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
1. SCADA System Utilization in Power Transmission Network Continued….

Some main functions of SCADA in electric transmission system are as follows:

 Re-routing services for station maintenance

 Service Restoration.
 Protective Relay interface/interaction.
 Voltage regulation management.
 Load Tap Changer Control.
 Transformer management.
 Real-time modeling.
 Automatic circuit isolation control and interactive switch control display.
 Interface real-time single-line displays.
 On-line operation and maintenance logs.

RESTRICTED
 Automatic system diagnostics by using system-defined controller alarms (Alarm Management).

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 55

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
1. SCADA System Utilization in Power Transmission Network Continued….

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 56
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
2. SCADA System Utilization in Power Distribution Network

 Power Distribution System deals with the dispersal of electricity from distribution substations to the
loads.

 Many Utility Companies depend on manual labor to perform the distribution tasks like interrupting the
power to loads, hourly checking of key metrics, fault diagnosis, etc.

 SCADA implementation to the power distribution not only reduces the manual labor operation and its
cost but facilitates smooth processes by reducing disruptions.

 SCADA system gathers the data from various electrical substations and correspondingly process it.

 PLCs in substations continuously monitor the Substation Components and corresponding transmits

RESTRICTED
that to the Central System.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 57

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
2. SCADA System Utilization in Power Distribution Network Continued….
Power Distribution SCADA DMS in charge of the following functions:

 Improving efficiency by maintaining a tolerable range of Power Factor.

 Limiting peak power demand.
 Trending and alarming the operators by identifying the problem spot.
 Historian data and viewing that from remote and barely inaccessible locations.
 Quick response to customer service interruptions.
 Feeder automation and Load Sectionalized.
 Provide the ability to over-ride automatic control of Capacitor Banks.
 Automated Meter Reading including the Energy Meter Parameter.
 Circuit Breaker Control, Lockout, and interlocking.
 Continuous monitoring and controlling of Various Electrical Parameters in both normal and
abnormal conditions which may affect the quality like harmonic distortions.

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 58
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
2. SCADA System Utilization in Power Distribution Network Continued….

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 59
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
3. SCADA System Utilization in Power Generation Network
 Bringing an optimal solution for each process to involve in power generation operation is flexible
with advanced control structures.

 With the use of PLCs and powerful bus communication links along with SCADA software and
hardware in generating stations, it supervises several operations including protection, monitoring,
and controlling.

 To provide Reliable Energy, to minimize operational costs, and to preserve capital investment, the
SCADA system is taken as seriously in Generating Stations.

 Balance of plant (BOP) are auxiliary systems and supporting components needed to run the main
generating unit and deliver energy.

RESTRICTED
 SCADA system is also highly effective in the supervision of the Balance of Power Plant.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 60

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
3. SCADA System Utilization in Power Generation Network Continued…..
The highlighted functions of SCADA System in Power Plants include:
 Continuous monitoring of speed and frequency of Electrical Machines.
 Geographical monitoring of coal delivery and water treatment processes.
 Electricity generation operations planning.
 Control of active and reactive power.
 Boiler and turbine protection and their condition in case of Thermal Power Plant.
 Monitoring of Renewable Energy Farms and Load Dispatch Planning.
 Load scheduling.
 Historical data processing of all generation related parameters.
 Supervising the status of Circuit Breakers, Protective Relays, and other Safety Equipment.
 Power apparatus health monitor.
 The Sequence of Events Recording.
 SCADA systems are an extremely advantageous way to Run and Monitor Processes.

RESTRICTED
 They are great for small applications, such as climate control.
 They can also be effectively used in large applications such as Monitoring and Controlling a
Nuclear Power Plant (or) Mass Transit System.
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 61
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
3. SCADA System Utilization in Power Generation Network Continued…..
The highlighted functions of SCADA System in Power Plants include:
 SCADA systems minimize errors by accurately measuring data and increasing the overall efficiency of the
System.
 The specific development of SCADA is performed within a well-established framework that enhances
reliability and robustness where power requirement is crucial.
 Analyzes and controls the quality of the produced electric energy profile using standard SCADA function.
 Less personnel and trips are required to monitor field gear in remote locations, this reduces maintenance
and training costs.
 A SCADA system can be easily integrated with the business systems, leading to increased production and
profitability.
 SCADA system can be implemented on a large scale in power systems to increase their performance,
reliability, and durability.
 Data acquisition and monitoring can be very convenient and accurate if power systems are upgraded to

RESTRICTED
SCADA. Now, electrical systems are extremely efficient and intelligent to monitor and control all the
involved operations and procedures and it has become possible only because of technological
advancements.
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 62
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
3. SCADA System Utilization in Power Generation Network Continued…..

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 63
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
3. SCADA System Utilization in Power Generation Network Continued…..

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 64
 SCADA Network Manager System Diagram

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 65
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
4. Tele-information Plan List – TIP List

via IEC
GENERATOR TRIP RECEIVED FROM GTCMPS
48 0 220kV =P11CJP02 P11CJP02 GT 81 GTCMPS TRIP SCMS 60870-5- M_SP_TB 10041 P11CJP02_GT_TRIP
PROT (=D10)
104

via IEC
GENERATOR TRIP RECEIVED FROM GTCMPS
43 0 220kV =P21CJP02 P21CJP02 GT 82 GTCMPS TRIP SCMS 60870-5- M_SP_TB 10238 P21CJP02_GT_TRIP
PROT (=D16)
104

via IEC
GENERATOR TRIP RECEIVED FROM GTCMPS
48 0 400kV =P31CJP02 P31CJP02 GT 44 GTCMPS TRIP SCMS 60870-5- M_SP_TB 10442 P31CJP02_GT_TRIP
PROT (=C17)
104

via IEC
GENERATOR TRIP RECEIVED FROM STCS
34 0 400kV =P43CJJ03 P43CJJ03 ST62 STCS TRIP SCMS 60870-5- M_SP_TB 10632 P43CJJ03_ST_TRIP
PROT (=C06)
104

via IEC
GENERATOR TRIP RECEIVED FROM STCS

RESTRICTED
34 0 400kV =P44CJJ03 P44CJJ03 ST63 STCS TRIP SCMS 60870-5- M_SP_TB 10832 P44CJJ03_ST_TRIP
PROT (=C15)
104

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 66

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
4. Tele-information Plan List – TIP List Continued….

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 67
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
4. Tele-information Plan List – TIP List Continued…..

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 68
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
4. Mapping of Substation Signal to Master SCADA System

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 69
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
4. Mapping of Substation Signal to Master SCADA System Continued….

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 70
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
4. Mapping of Substation Signal to Master SCADA System Continued….
 The above diagram illustrate that based on the TIP – List Signal and the Single Line Diagram for the
Electrical Substation the respective Picture Editing and Mapping of the Signals shall be carried out in
SCADA System Application Software.
 The Substation RTU inputs & outputs each field side status signal, i.e., alarm status for the Substation
Equipment and Circuit Breaker Status, BCU Status signal, PMU Signal, Sequential Event Recording
Signal shall be properly grouped, and Programmed in the Master SCADA System Application Software
and the respective each field signals in the Substation will be matched from the Master SCADA System to
the Substation by carrying out the proper software testing of SCADA System.
 One of the primary duties of a SCADA System is to always give you an overview of the system status.
 A generally accepted term for this is situational awareness.
 Your operators and monitoring personnel need to know the situation. Make sure your control software
provides a view of this in real-time.
 Optimize the displays to eliminate information of marginal value and concentrate on a display of relevant

RESTRICTED
and critical information to allow your staff to always keep on top of things.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 71

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
4. Mapping of Substation Signal to Master SCADA System Continued….
 Prioritizing alarms generated by the system is critical to pinpointing and addressing problems as they
occur.
 Operators need to be able to identify and localize the source of the alarm quickly and efficiently.
 But not all alarms are created equal. It should be a simple process to distinguish critical alarms from
warnings and other distractions.
 Be sure your system uses a standardized system for identifying alarms.
 There are industry recommendations on this as well as on the use of color and aggregation to help
operators find and fix problems from most important first down to last and least.
 Maximizing productivity and availability, reducing waste and energy usage, minimizing cost and raw
material usage all are components to be considered for operator decisions.
 Displays should provide sufficient data to allow users to control processes to increase value and decrease
loss.
 Operators should be trained to handle critical safety issues first, then to work to optimize the business

RESTRICTED
value of their decisions.

SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 72

 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
4. Mapping of Substation Signal to Master SCADA System Continued….
 With multiple sites being managed by SCADA software it is important to use systems that drive
consistency between these locations.
 Standardizing interfaces and procedures can ease the training burden and drive an overall increase in
efficiency and safety.
 Using standardized configurations for your SCADA software can help bring these different sites into
compliance with the company standards and allow operators to manage sites without extra site-specific
training.
 The SCADA System Data should be quickly and easily accessible from any location necessary.
 This can include the central control facility or a remote web interface for offsite personnel.
 Response times on operational reports should be very fast, in most cases measured in seconds.
 These reports are being used to address current, real-time operation issues, safety problems, or other
time sensitive matters.
 The SCADA system includes the ability to control Physical Systems your security needs to be a primary

RESTRICTED
concern. Unauthorized entry into the system must be prevented. Unfortunately, accessibility to the system
of authorized users should be possible in as many ways as possible while preserving security. This
balance can be very difficult but allowing remote access of off-site users can drive efficiency.
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 73
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
4. Mapping of Substation Signal to Master SCADA System Continued….

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 74
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
4. Mapping of Substation Signal to Master SCADA System Continued….

RESTRICTED
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 75
 SCADA System Network Application & Integration
C) SCADA System Utilization in Transmission, Distribution & Generation
4. Mapping of Substation Signal to Master SCADA System Continued….
 The ability to transfer data to and from SCADA Systems to IoT can save time and money.
 Specialized knowledge can be accessed, or high-level decisions can be made without those people being
required to come to the control center.
 Just be sure to prioritize your security. Regular security audits are a good way to check that all accesses
are still safe and secure.
 Your other business systems will frequently need the same data the SCADA system uses and stores from
its sensors and controls.
 Be sure this can be integrated so the data is shared and doesn’t need a manual process to transfer it.
 Reentering data from one system to another is wasteful and error prone.
 Integrated data storage is much preferred.
 While a SCADA system is a powerful tool for managing your business systems, the tools are only as good
as the processes and procedures you create to utilize them.
 Keep these points in mind to maximize the value of your SCADA system. There are other ways to
increase the value of a SCADA system, so continue to research and change your processes as better

RESTRICTED
ways of handling it come along.
 SCADA systems are designed to increase efficiency. Make sure you are using them in the most effective
way you can.
SEPTEMBER-2021 TE COURSE : TELECOM / SCADA 76
 Contacts
If you have any Questions, please contact

Mr. Antony John Williams,

E-mail ID : [email protected]

RESTRICTED
29 August, 2022 2021.03 Monthly Report - Tractebel Middle East 77
COURSE NO. 3 SOLAR

RESTRICTED
July 2021 78