RISK ASSESSMENT Page 1 of 4

Pit Excavati on
Department Document Ref. No. Issue Date Revision
QHSE QHSE-DOCS-RA-0000 00-00-0000 00

Company Name: ABC Prepared by:

Pit Excavation up to 3.0 m, Pit Excavation beyond 3.0 m, Rock by
Functional Area/SOW: excavation blasting, Piling Work, and Narrow deep excavations Approved by:
for pipelines, etc.

Impact Initial Risk Residual Risk

S/N Activities Hazard / Hazardous Effects of Control Measures Action by
Who Might be at Risk? L C RR L C RR
Situation Hazards/Consequences
1 Pit Excavation  Falling into pit  AC Technicians fall  Personal injury 3 5 15  Provide guard rails/barricades 2 2 4 Project
up to 3.0m  Earth Collapse from height. Others  Suffocation/Breathlessness with warning signals. Manager/
 Contact with buried working below are Buried  Provide at least two entries/ Engineer
electric cables Gas/ Oil also at risk.  Electrocution Explosion exits. Project
Pipelines  Provide escape ladders. Supervisor
 Provide the suitable size of QHSE Officer
shoring and strutting, if
required.
 Keep soil heaps away from
the edge equivalent to
 1.5m or depth of pit
whichever is more.
 Don't allow vehicles to
operate too close to
excavated areas. Maintain at
least a 2m distance from the
edge of the cut.
 Maintain a sufficient angle of
repose. Provide a slope not
less than 1:1 and a suitable
bench of 0.5m width at every
1.5m depth of excavation in
all soils except hard rock.
 Battering/benching the sides.
 Obtain permission from
competent authorities,
before excavation, if
Page 1 of 4 QHSE-DOSC-RA-0000-EXCAVATION
 RISK ASSESSMENT Page 2 of 4
Pit Excavati on
Department Document Ref. No. Issue Date Revision
QHSE QHSE-DOCS-RA-0000 00-00-0000 00

required.
 Locate the position of buried
utilities by referring to plant
drawings.
 Start digging manually to
locate the exact position of
buried utilities and thereafter
use mechanical means.
 Prevent ingress of water.
Provide ring buoys.
 Identify and provide a
suitable size dewatering
pump or well-point system.
 Same as above Plus
 Obtain prior approval of the
Flooding due to
 All technicians, and  Can cause a drowning excavation method from local
excessive rain/
tradesmen nearby, situation authorities. Use the under- Project
underground water
may suffer sprains,  Building/Structure may pining method. Manager/
 Digging in the vicinity
Pit Excavation bruising, or fractures collapse Loss of health &  Construct a retaining wall side Engineer
2 of existing 3 5 15 1 2 2
beyond 3.0m if they trip over wealth by side. Project
Building/Structure
objects, such as work  May cause cave-in or  Barricade the excavated area Supervisor
 Movement of
debris, or slip-on slides. with proper lighting QHSE Officer
vehicles/equipment
spillages.  Persons may get buried. arrangements.
close to the edge of
 Maintain at least a 2m
the cut.
distance from the edge of the
cut and use stop blocks to
prevent over-run.
 Strengthen shoring and
strutting.
3 Narrow deep  All operatives in the  Same as above Plus  May cause severe injuries 3 5 15  Prevent ingress of water. 1 2 2 Project
excavations vicinity could suffer Frequent cave-in or or prove fatal Provide ring buoys. Manager/
for pipelines, from smoke inhalation slides  May arise drowning  Identify and provide a Engineer
etc. or burns.  Flooding due to situation suitable size dewatering Project
Hydrostatic testing pump or well-point system. Supervisor
 Obtain prior approval of the QHSE Officer
excavation method from local
authorities. Use the under-
pining method.

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 RISK ASSESSMENT Page 3 of 4
Pit Excavati on
Department Document Ref. No. Issue Date Revision
QHSE QHSE-DOCS-RA-0000 00-00-0000 00

 Construct a retaining wall side

by side.
 Barricade the excavated area
with proper lighting
arrangements.
 Maintain at least a 2m
distance from the edge of the
cut and use stop blocks to
prevent over-run.
 Strengthen shoring and
strutting.
 Ensure proper storage,
handling & carrying of
 Operators/  Improper handling of
explosives by trained
Technicians risk injury, explosives
personnel.
particularly to the  Uncontrolled Project
 May prove fatal  Comply with the applicable
back, from lifting and explosion Manager/
Rock-by  May cause severe injuries explosive acts & rules.
handling heavy or  Scattering of stone Engineer
4 excavation or prove fatal 3 5 15  Allow only authorized 1 2 2
awkward objects, e.g., pieces in the Project
blasting  Can hurt people persons to perform blasting
Split AC indoor and atmosphere Supervisor
 May explode suddenly operations.
outdoor units and  Entrapping of QHSE Officer
 Smoking and open flames are
other supporting persons/animals.
to be strictly prohibited.
structures.  Misfire
 Use PPE like goggles, face
masks, helmets, etc.
5 Piling Work  Failure of pile driving  Operators/Technicians  Can hurt people 3 3 9  Inspect Piling rigs and pulley 1 2 2 Project
equipment  Can cause deafness and blocks before the beginning Manager/
 Noise pollution psychological imbalance. of each shift. Engineer
 Extruding rods/casing  Can cause electrocution/  Use personal protective Project
 Working in the vicinity Asphyxiation equipment like earplugs, Supervisor
of 'Live- Electricity' muffs, etc. QHSE Officer
 Barricade the area and install
sign boards. Provide first-aid.
 Keep sufficient distance from
Live-Electricity as per IS code.
 Shut off the supply, if
possible.
 Provide artificial/rescue

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 RISK ASSESSMENT Page 4 of 4
Pit Excavati on
Department Document Ref. No. Issue Date Revision
QHSE QHSE-DOCS-RA-0000 00-00-0000 00

breathing to the injured.

OSH Risk Matrix

Consequence
Probability
Insignificant (1) Minor (2) Moderate (3) Major (4) Catastrophic (5)
Rare (1) 1 2 3 4 5
Possible (2) 2 4 6 8 10
Likely (3) 3 6 9 12 15
Often (4) 4 8 12 16 20
Frequent/Almost Certain (5) 5 10 15 20 25
15 - 25 Extreme Risk Activity or Industry Should Not Proceed in Current Form
Activity or Industry should be modified to include remedial planning and action and be subject
8 - 12 High Risk
to detailed OSH Assessment
4-6 Moderate Risk Activity or industry can operate subject to management & Modification
1-3 Low Risk No Action is Required Unless Escalation of Risk is Possible

Name Date: Signature

Project Manager:

Project Engineer:

QHSE Officer:

Page 4 of 4 QHSE-DOSC-RA-0000-EXCAVATION