Oral communication Consideration-Speaker should give high regard and courtesy

to audience’s background information

Communication- A two way process of connecting to both
living and non-living things Concreteness-Backed up by facts and real life examples

Receiver-Decodes, Gives feedback Courtesy-Speaker can show respect to is/her receiver

Sender-Encodes, Original source if information through understanding their culture and values

Models of communication Clearness-Use of simple and specific words to express ideas

1. Linear communication- One way process of Correctness -Avoiding mistakes in grammar helps to boost
communication credibility and effectiveness of the message

Shannon-weaver model (linear communication) Function of communication

2. Interactive Communication- Two way communication 1. Control and regulation-To regulate and control behavior
process of a person or group of people
2. Social interaction- As a means to casually interact with
Schram model (Interactive communication) other people
3. Motivation-Communication function to inspire and
3. Transactional model- shows a circular processes of motivate
interaction between person involved the communication 4. Information dissemination- A way to share information
or data in order to educate
Barriers of communication 5. Emotional expression- A way to connect to a person or
people for the purpose of affecting them emotionally
1. Physical barriers- Natural or environmental condition
that act as a barrier in communication Speech context

2. Emotional Barriers 1. Intrapersonal- Focused on person where acts both as the

3. Linguistic barriers sender and as the receiver of the message
4. Cultural barriers 2. Interpersonal- takes place between and among people
5. External noises and creates a personal relationship between among them
6. Internal noises A.Dyad communication- Happens between two
7. Semantic noises people
B. Small group-Interacting involving atleast 3 but not
more than 12 people
Strategies to avoid communication breakdown 3.Public-Enables you to send or deliver a message before a
crowd.
5 ways to avoid communication breakdown 4.Mass communication-Refers to communication through
television, radio, news paper and magazine, books, billboard
1. Have clarity of thought before speaking and etc.
2. Learn to listen
3. Take care you body language and tone Types of speeches
4. Build up your confidence by asking for feedback and
observing others 1. Types of speeches according to purpose
5. Communicate face to face on the important issues A. Informative or expository-performed for the purpose
of educating the audience on relevant piece of
information on particular topic
Strategies to avoid communication breakdown Example:Teacher
B. Persuasive Speech-Solely for the purpose of convincing
1. Keep focused the audience to agree
2. Speak intelligibly Example:Lawyer
3. Listen with your ears and eyes C. Entertainment Speech- share laugher and enjoyment to
4. Minimize distraction the audience through witty and humorous lines
5. Be specific Example: Clown
6. Do not jump into conclusions
2. Types of speech according to delivery
7c’s A. Manuscript speech- Word-for-word Interaction of a
written message using visual aids
Completeness-Important to whole communication process Example: News caster
B. Memorized speech- Rote recitation of a written message
Conciseness-Direct or straight to the point that the speaker has commited to memory
Example:Actor/Actresses
C. Extemporaneous Speech- Presentation of a carefully 2. Illocutionary act- The social function of what is said.
planned and rehearsed speech spoken in a conversional Example:
manner using brief notes
Example: Politician “It’s more fun in the philippines”
D. Impromptu speech- Presentation of a short message “I’ll help you clean the house tomorrow” (promise)
without advance preparation and is for people “Get my things in the office” (Order)
knowledgeable about the subject.
Example:Doctor 3. Perlocutionary- Refers to the consequent effect of what
was said
Types of Speech Styles Example:
-Ispiring or insulting
1. Intimate-Used for very close relationship -Persuading, convincing ; or
Example: Couple -Deterring scarring
2. Casual- Informal communication between groups and
peers who have something to share and have shared Searle’s Classification of speech act
background information but do not have close relation
Example: Classmates 1. Assertive-The speaker expresses belief about the truth of
3. Consultative-Used in semi-formal and standard a proposition
communication Example:
Example: Teacher and student -Suggesting
4. Formal- One way straight forward speech -boasting
Example: Sona -swearing
5. Frozen- Most formal communicative style that is usually -concluding
used during solemn ceremonies an events
Example: Pledges 2. Directive- The speaker tries to make the addressee
perform an action
Example:
Verbal and non-Verbal communication -Asking -advising
-Refers to the use of words to convey a message.Thi can be -Ordering -Inviting
regarded efficient and successful if the receiver can easily
process the message delivered by the sender 3. Commissive-Act which commits the speaker to doing
something in the future
1. Appropriateness- Use of suitable language form Example:
applicable to the nature of the event or context of situation -Promising
A.Formal communication- Types of communication -Planning
used in formal ceremonial or dignified gatherings -Vowing
B.Informal Communication-Characterized by free, -betting
casual, and spontaneous exchange between two or
more persons 4. Expressive-The speaker expresses his/her feelings or
2. Brevity-Speakers frequently opt to use simple and precise emotional reactions
words in delivering their message Example:
3. Clarify-Refers to using simple yet exact words that -Thanking
directly express your thoughts and emotions -Appologizing
4. Ethics-Pertains to moral standards that need to be -Welcoming
considered when delivering a message -Deploring
5. Vividness- Refers to words that make the conversation or
exchange of information lively and vibrant 5. Declaration Act- which brings a change in the external
situation
Non-verbal communication-Refers to a collaboration of Example:
movements that does not require ant spoken words in -blessing
order to convey a message -firing
-baptizing
-bidding
3 types of speech act -passing a sentence
-
1. Locutionary act- Is the actual act of uttering or saying
something
Examples:
“Doh!”
“Wow!”
“Hello”
“Get out”