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    Chapter X Instruments Used in Qquestioned Document Examinations

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    joshua jacob
    Various instruments and equipment are used in questioned document examinations to aid the human eye and reveal details that may not otherwise be visible. This includes cameras, magnifying lenses, microscopes, analysis reticles, thickness gauges, ultraviolet and infrared viewers, protractors, ruled squares, and slant test plates. The quality of the examination relies more on the examiner's thinking and evidence evaluation than on sophisticated equipment. The tools are used to refine observation, control conditions, and precisely record evidence to solve cases.

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    Chapter X Instruments Used in Qquestioned Document Examinations

    Uploaded by

    joshua jacob
    98 views4 pages
    Various instruments and equipment are used in questioned document examinations to aid the human eye and reveal details that may not otherwise be visible. This includes cameras, magnifying lenses, microscopes, analysis reticles, thickness gauges, ultraviolet and infrared viewers, protractors, ruled squares, and slant test plates. The quality of the examination relies more on the examiner's thinking and evidence evaluation than on sophisticated equipment. The tools are used to refine observation, control conditions, and precisely record evidence to solve cases.

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    Chapter x Instruments Used in Qquestioned Document Examinations

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    Various instruments and equipment are used in questioned document examinations to aid the human eye and reveal details that may not otherwise be visible. This includes cameras, magnifying lenses, microscopes, analysis reticles, thickness gauges, ultraviolet and infrared viewers, protractors, ruled squares, and slant test plates. The quality of the examination relies more on the examiner's thinking and evidence evaluation than on sophisticated equipment. The tools are used to refine observation, control conditions, and precisely record evidence to solve cases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    98 views4 pages

    Chapter X Instruments Used in Qquestioned Document Examinations

    Uploaded by

    joshua jacob
    Various instruments and equipment are used in questioned document examinations to aid the human eye and reveal details that may not otherwise be visible. This includes cameras, magnifying lenses, microscopes, analysis reticles, thickness gauges, ultraviolet and infrared viewers, protractors, ruled squares, and slant test plates. The quality of the examination relies more on the examiner's thinking and evidence evaluation than on sophisticated equipment. The tools are used to refine observation, control conditions, and precisely record evidence to solve cases.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    CHAPTER X
    INSTRUMENTS/EQUIPMENT USED IN QUESTIONED DOCUMENT
    EXAMINATIONS

    There are certain things that the physical evidence would like to tell us but
    sometimes only with aid to some scientific instrument that the evidence trying
    to tell us. Human naked eye has its limitations and the limitation lead the
    document examiner to the idea of needing some tools in order to decipher if
    hat restore what is to be known or discover in the document.
    It should be emphasized that the quality of scientific work resides not in the
    ornateness of the laboratory equipment or the complexity of the measuring and
    recording instruments, but in the soundness of the thinking and the validity of
    the evidence for the solution of the problem The purpose of equipment is to
    refine the process of observation: to provide control of conditions and accuracy
    of permanence of recording. The most important instrument (element) is
    research is the mind of man. Document examination is not very complicated in
    terms of the used for equipment in as such as the instrument to be used
    depends on the scope of the examination needed to perceive what is needed
    to be perceived? There are several equipment that can be of great significance
    to document examination
    Instruments / Equipment or Document Examination
    1. 35mm Camera with accessories including Macro Lens

    2. Portable Photographic Copying Stand

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    3.Magnifying Lens
    (called a hand lens in laboratory contexts) is
    a convex lens that is used to produce a
    magnified image of an object. The lens is
    usually mounted in a frame with a handle. A
    magnifying glass can be used to focus light,
    such as to concentrate the sun's radiation to
    create a hot spot at the focus for fire starting.

    4. Stereoscopic microscope

    Stereo Microscopes enable 3D viewing of


    specimens visible to the naked eye. They are
    commonly known as Low Power or
    Dissecting Microscopes. An estimated 99%
    of stereo applications employ less than 50x
    magnification. Use them for viewing insects,
    crystals, plant life, circuit boards etc.

    1. Transparent Analysis Reticles


    The combination of this unit with reticles makes it a
    must for any investigator involved in handwriting
    analysis. An excellent 5X magnifier and any one of
    16 transparent analysis reticles may be assembled
    to make a very convenient handwriting analysis
    instrument.

    2. Paper thickness Gauge


    The screw gauge is an instrument used for
    measuring accurately the diameter of a thin
    wire , thickness of a sheet of metal or the sheet
    of paper.

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    3. Ultra Violet Viewer

    It is ideal for bank and border control-type


    applications as well as the forensic
    examination of documents for erasures
    and solvent staining.

    4. Infra-red viewer
    Infrared (IR) viewers are designed to observe
    radiation emitted by infrared laser or laser
    diode light sources that can't be seen with the
    naked eye. Wavelength coverage from 350 to
    2000 nm. Handheld, post-mounted, or face
    mask mounted operation.

    5. Typewriting protractor
    The upper portion of this polyester film
    template is used to determine the slant
    angle of handwriting in either direction.
    The lower section is used to determine
    letter frequency or the space factor of
    handwriting. Dimensions: 7“H x 5“W
    (17.8cm x 12.7cm)
    10. Handwriting protractor
    11. Uniform ruled square on class
    12. Ruler 8th,16th,32nd,64th

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    13. Slant test plate

    Video Links:
    Forensic Tools used in Questioned document:
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gcggmP3AgvE
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jSIkca6UaTk
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MN1QtErn144

    References:Questioned Document Examination: Dr.Lilee


    Galeon

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