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Tutorial 2 Brayton Cycle

This document contains 5 problems related to analyzing Brayton cycles, which are thermodynamic cycles used in gas turbine engines. Each problem provides temperature, pressure, and efficiency values and asks the reader to: - Sketch T-S and P-V diagrams of the cycles - Calculate enthalpy, heat, and work values at different points - Determine cycle efficiency - Explain how variations like regeneration or increased temperatures would affect efficiency

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Shahran Iezzat
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59 views

Tutorial 2 Brayton Cycle

This document contains 5 problems related to analyzing Brayton cycles, which are thermodynamic cycles used in gas turbine engines. Each problem provides temperature, pressure, and efficiency values and asks the reader to: - Sketch T-S and P-V diagrams of the cycles - Calculate enthalpy, heat, and work values at different points - Determine cycle efficiency - Explain how variations like regeneration or increased temperatures would affect efficiency

Uploaded by

Shahran Iezzat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Brayton Cycle

1. A gas turbine has a thermal efficiency of 35.9 percent in the simple cycle mode and
produces 159 MW of net power. The pressure ratio is 15.2 and the turbine inlet temperature
is 1287oC.The mass flow rate through the turbine is = 1,536,000 kg/h. The ambient conditions
are temperature, To = 22oC and pressure, Po = 100 kPa. Use variation of specific heat with
respect to temperature.

a. Sketch T-s diagram of the cycle.


b. Determine for the cycle:
i. The enthalpies at the end of each process.
ii. The heat input per unit mass of air flow.
iii. The heat rejected, qout.
iv. The turbine efficiency.
v.The compressor efficiency,

(295.17 kJ/kg, 638.63 kJ/kg, 1708.82 kJ/kg, 816.94 kJ/kg, 1038 kJ/kg, 665.38 kJ/kg,
83.9%, 91.4%)

2. A simple Brayton cycle using air as the working fluid has a pressure ratio of 8. The minimum
and maximum temperatures in the cycle are 310K and 1160K respectively. Assuming
isentropic efficiency of 75% for the compressor and 82% for the turbine.

a. sketch the schematic diagram of the system and the T-s diagram of the cycle,
b. determine the temperature at the turbine exit,
c. calculate the net work output of the cycle,
e. estimate the thermal efficiency of the cycle, and
f. discuss the effect of increasing the maximum temperature on the thermal efficiency ofthe
cycle.

(T4a= 769.77 K, 105.66 kJ/kg, 18.1 %)

3. Air enters the compressor of a regenerative gas-turbine at 300 K and 100 kPa, where it is
compressed to 580 K and 700 kPa. The regenerator has an effectiveness of 75% and air
enters the turbine at 1200 K. The turbine has an efficiency of 85%.

a. Draw the schematic p–v and T–s diagrams of the gas turbine cycle.
b. Determine :

i. the temperature of the gas leaving the turbine,


ii. the amount of heat transfer in the regenerator,
iii. the net-work output of the gas-turbine, and
iv. the cycle thermal efficiency.
c. If there is no regenerator fitted in the system, what would be the heat transferred into the
gas-turbine?

(T4a= 804.5 K, 180.64 kJ/kg, 165.05 kJ/kg, 32.3%, 691.75 kJ/kg)


4. A gas-turbine engine operates in a simple Brayton cycle. Air enters the compressor at 300
K and 100 kPa, where it is compressed to 700 kPa and 580 K. Heat is transferred to air in the
amount of 950 kJ/kg before it enters the turbine. The turbine efficiency is 86 percent. Assume
variable specific heats for air.

a. Sketch the T-s diagram of the cycle, and label all the processes on the diagram.
b. Determine,
i. the turbine work,
ii. the fraction of the turbine work output used to drive the compressor (back work ratio)
iii. the thermal efficiency of the cycle.
c. With the aid of a schematic diagram and T-s diagram, explain how the regeneration
increases the efficiency of the Brayton cycle.
(wc = 285.85 kJ/kg, wt = 542 kJ/kg, 52.7%, 27%)

5. A Brayton cycle with regeneration using air as the working fluid has a pressure ratio of 7.0.
The minimum and the maximum temperature in the cycle are 310 and 1150 K. Assume an
isentropic efficiency of 75 percent for the compressor and 82 percent for the turbine and
effectiveness for the regenerator is 65 percent.

a. Draw the schematic arrangement of the gas turbine and the T-s diagram of the cycle.
b. Determine:
i. Temperature of the exhaust gas leaving the turbine.
ii. Work net of the cycle.
iii. Heat input into the cycle.
iv. Thermal efficiency of the cycle.
c. If no regenerator were fitted into the gas turbine system, explain how the thermal efficiency
would be?
(782.8 K, 108.09 kJ/kg, 480.82 kJ/kg, 22.5%)

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