EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Power Converter Systems Topic 1 Introduction

Graduate Course EE8407
1. Course Outline
Bin Wu PhD, PEng - Lecture Topics
- Course Organization
Professor - Design Projects
ELCE Department
Ryerson University
2. High-Power Converter Topologies
- Multipulse Diode and SCR Rectifiers
- Multilevel Voltage Source Converters
Contact Info - PWM Current Source Converters
Office: ENG328
Tel: (416) 979-5000 ext: 6484
Email: [email protected]
3. High-Power Converter Applications
http://www.ee.ryerson.ca/~bwu/ - Electric Drive Applications
- Power Systems Applications

Ryerson Campus

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 1 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 2

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Course Outline Course Outline
• Lecture Topics • Course Organization

1. Introduction
2. High-Power Semiconductor Devices Lecture 2 hours per week
3. Multipulse Diode Rectifiers Laboratory 1 hour per week (simulation)
4. Multipulse SCR Rectifiers
5. Two-level Voltage Source Inverter
Textbook
Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’
6. Multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge Converters
Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006
7. Multilevel Diode-Clamped Inverter
8. Other Multilevel Voltage Source Converters Lecture Slides
9. Current Source Inverters Download from
10. Current Source Rectifiers http://www.ee.ryerson.ca/~bwu/courses.html

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 3 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 4

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Course Outline High-Power Converter Topologies
• Design Projects • Multipulse Diode/SCR Rectifiers

1. Series-type 12-pulse Diode Rectifier 15%

2. Space Vector Modulation Technique 30%
3. Control of Multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge Inverters 20%
4. Multilevel diode Clamped Inverters 15%
5. PWM Techniques for Current Source Converters 20%
Total 100%

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 5 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 6

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EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1
High-Power Converter Topologies High-Power Converter Topologies
• Multilevel Voltage Source Converters • PWM Current Source Converters

Ld Ld Ld

Cd

Cd Cd Cd

Cd Cf Cf

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 7 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 8

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

High-Power Converter Applications Variable Speed Drive Applications
• Converter Power Rating • Application Areas

• Electric Drive Systems: 100MW

• Wind Energy Systems: 6MW

• Power Systems FACTS: 300MVA Mining / cement Petrochemical Metals Paper / pulp
HVDC: 3000MW

FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System

HVDC - High Voltage DC Transmission

Marine Oil / gas Power generation Water / waste water

Source: Robicon

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 9 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 10

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Variable Speed Drive Applications Variable Speed Drive Applications
• 100MW Wind Tunnel Drive • 100MW Wind Tunnel Drive

- Application: NASA wind tunnel

- Motor: Six-phase, synchronous
- Load: High power fan
- Speed Range: 360 - 600rpm

1. Supply system
2. Transformer
Source: ABB
3. Converters
4. Motor One of the 4 converters used in the drive
5. Excitation system
6. Filter • Inverter type: current source • Total # of devices: (12 x 6) x 4 = 288
• Switching device: SCR thyristor • Converter efficiency: > 99%
• # of devices in series: 12
Source: ABB

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 11 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 12

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Variable Speed Drive Applications Variable Speed Drive Applications
• 100MW Wind Tunnel Drive • High Speed Train

Source: ABB
Source: Fuji Electric
Six-phase synchronous motor
(100MW, 12.5KV, 2.8KA)

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 13 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 14

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Variable Speed Drive Applications Variable Speed Drive Applications
• High Speed Train • Megawatt Drive for Pipeline Pumps

Trans Mountain
Pipeline

Length: 1,150 km
Pipe Size: 24” and 30”
Capacity: 225,000 bpd
Source: Fuji Electric Pump stations: 10
Rectifier: Single-phase three-level diode clamped Source: Kinder Morgan Canada Inc.
Inverter: Three-phase three-level diode clamped
Ratings: 1.1MW, 1850V

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 15 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 16

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Applications In Wind Energy Systems Applications In Wind Energy Systems
• Overview • Wind Generator Power Rating

Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 17 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 18

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EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1
Applications In Wind Energy Systems Applications In Wind Energy Systems
• Permanent Magnet SG • Examples - Multibrid M5000 (5MW PMSG)

Source: Alstom

Converter: ALSPA VDM7000

9 Direct driven, no gear box
9 Completely decoupled from grid

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 19 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 20

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Applications In Power/Utility Industry Applications In Power/Utility Industry
STATCOM:
• FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission Systems Static Synchronous
Compensator
- Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM)
DVR:
- Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) Dynamic Voltage
- Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) Restorer

Active Filters

• Custom Power Devices SSTS:

Solid-State Transfer
- Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) Switch
- Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (D-STATCOM)
SSCB:
- Active Power Filter (APF) Solid-State Circuit
Breaker

BESS:
• HVDC – High Voltage DC Transmission Battery Energy
Storage System

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 21 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 22

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Applications In Power/Utility Industry Applications In Power/Utility Industry
• STATCOM • 50 MVA STATCOM

Source: Toshiba Electric

Purpose: To provide reactive power for voltage regulation Source: Toshiba Electric

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 23 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 24

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Applications In Power/Utility Industry Applications In Power/Utility Industry
• Example – 100MVA GCT STATCOM • UPFC
Series Transformer Shunt Transformer

¾ Combines STATCOM and SSSC which are coupled via

a common DC link

¾ Allows bi-directional flow of real power between the STATCOM and

SSSC without external energy source
Source: Mitsubishi Electric
¾ Controls power flow, voltage and power factor, allowing optimal
use of existing lines
Talega ±100 MVA, 138 kV STATCOM system
Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 25 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 26

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Applications In Power/Utility Industry Applications In Power/Utility Industry
• Example – 320MVA 138kV UPFC (GTO Based) • Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR)

Series Transformer

Shunt Transformer UPFC building

GTO valve hall
UPFC Equipment

Source: AEP Inez UPFC Project

Source: ABB

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 27 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 28

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Applications In Power/Utility Industry Applications In Power/Utility Industry
• Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR, 4MVA ) • HVDC

Main Benefits of HVDC

• Long distance
• Network stability
• Low losses
• Environmental concerns
Source: ABB
Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 29 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 30

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Applications In Power/Utility Industry Applications In Power/Utility Industry
• HVDC • HVDC Transmission Québec - New England

Main data

Commissioning year: 1990 -

1992

Power rating: 2000 MW

DC voltage: ±450 kV

Length of overhead 1,480 km

DC line:

Main reason for choosing HVDC:

Long distance, asynchronous
networks
Source: ABB
Source: ABB
Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 31 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 32

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Applications In Power/Utility Industry Applications In Power/Utility Industry
• HVDC Transmission Québec - New England • HVDC Project in China

4 HVDC Links
Source: ABB
Radisson Converter Station Source: ABB

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 33 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 34

EE8407 Topic 1 EE8407 Topic 1

Applications In Power/Utility Industry Applications In Power/Utility Industry
• HVDC Project in China • HVDC Project in China
3000MW HVDC from Three Gorges to Guangdong
3000MW HVDC from Three Gorges to Guangdong

Source: ABB
Overview Thyristor valve hall

Length of overhead DC line: 940 km

Source: ABB

Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 35 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 36

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Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 37