Deliverables: Landscape Design

Project initiation
1. Site selection and Site visit
2. Data Gathering
3. Analysis and synthesis
4. Creative development
5. Final comprehensive landscape design
Project Completion

Scope of the Project

 Arrangement and uses of spaces between buildings i.e. exterior of the building and
its Influences
 Enclosure and definition of space which is affected by the height of the building and
distance between the buildings,
 Orientation of the buildings in relation to the street and the build forms that exist in
the surrounding,
 Ease of movements,
 Clarity of routes and safety of roads and streets,
 Circulation and parking,
 Use and arrangements of outdoor elements like seats, sculpture, lightings.

 Volumetric and functional relationships between buildings, between open spaces

 Low rise opposed to high rise
 Block opposed to clusters and row
 Organic versus inorganic
 Plot coverage- open spaces

 Basic external appearances of the built form

 Height
  Volume
 Openings that affect lighting (Fenestrations)
 Materials color
 Texture

 City’s skyline or the landscape

(The pattern of shapes made by the various features of the landscape such as hills or
buildings against the sky) and the overall image of the project area with regard to identity
 Identity
 To the aesthetic
 Height of the specific and group of the built form

 Land use: In general

 avoid air and noise pollutions
 Inconvenience and disturbances
 Compatibility of uses of the built form and its functional relationships, Example of
incompatibility- cemeteries and residence; industries and residence; Night club and
residences
 Land use in urban design deals with not only allocation of land for different uses but
also with the amount of land area required and permitted for different uses

 The most important issues in the treatment of the circulation

 Clarity and relationship between the routes
 Orientation to the destination
 Order and hierarchy
 Ease of movements
 Safety and security
 Comfort- psychological and physical
 The paving and surface treatment- materials, patterns, finishing
 Other elements signs, sculptures, seats, lights etc. (All these carefully studied,
designed and constructed. Specifically, the following issues should be considered and
regulated)
 Type of the sign
  Size, height, width, volume, etc.
 Design qualify and messages compatible to the social norms
 Locations
 Locations clarity
 Material
 Background
 Color
 Others like safety
 Other considerations
 Adaptability of urban elements to the climatic changes
 View
 Access to open spaces
 Circulation – vehicular and pedestrian (This is most important and powerful urban
element in the concept and practice of urban design). Determines the level of activities in
the area-
o Vehicular access,
o Pedestrian access,
o Terminals, station
o Parking and loading unloading etc.
 Connects different plots
 Gives definitions, integrations, segregations and character of spaces and buildings
 The overall environment: - Previously little emphasis was given to the incorporation of
environmental issues in to the processes of urban planning and urban design. However
nowadays the trend is changing:
 Elements of environmental planning in urban design
o The urban climate and air quality
o Solar energy and its uses
 Urban geology and soils- not only what exists above ground but also what exists
beneath is very important for urban design
o Soils
o Landslides
o Flood plain
 o Volcanic eruption
o Seismic zones
o Management land hills
o Fault lines or hazards
o Geological stability of the surrounding earth
 Urban hydrology and water quality  of all land use changes affecting the
hydrology of an area, urbanization is by far the most forceful
o Affects the peak flow of characteristics
o Urban land uses typically increase total runoffs
o Urbanization has profound effects on water
 Urban vegetation
 Influenced by soil, water and climate
 Urban vegetation have short life, because of unfavorable and unfriendly condition
 They are subject to the following stress
o Air pollutions
o Dehydrations, logging or cutting of trees
o Soil compaction erosion
o Lack and shortage of spaces, lightings
 Uses of urban vegetation 
o Reduce air, noise pollution
o Control erosion
o Have ornamental and decorative
 Their applications:
o For play grounds, parks
o Pedestrian walkways, bicycle routes, highways
o Shopping centers, city lots
o Reforestation and afforestation schemes
o Public garden
 Open spaces
o Enhance activities
o they have impacts on the social, economic order of the environment
 o they can have hierarchies, playground--- city parks
o Could be enriched with elements of trees, seats, water, body’s pavements,
kiosks, sculptures, landmarks facilities etc.
o activities can be integrated and coordinated outdoor and indoors
 Conservation:
o Neighborhoods
o Urban spaces historical buildings and sites
o Archeological sites
o Activities
o Other urban artifacts
 The scope of Design Action area
 Doesn’t exceed 15 hectares

Project Topics:

1. Square and plazas

2. Green neighborhood
3. Park land design in Kebele
4. Public park design
5. Conservation area design
6. Public garden design
7. Campus landscape design-ASTU model landscape design
8. Public space: neighborhood