REVIEW

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R

1. SERVER
2. TABLET COMPUTER
3. COMPUTER
4. ANALOG COMPUTER
5. HYBRID COMPUTER
CHARACTERISTICS/DEFINITION OF

COMPUTERS
COMPUTER
COMPUTER
Any device/machine
operating under the
control of instructions
stored in its own
memory, that can be
programmed to accept
data (input), process it
into useful information
(output), and store it
away in a secondary
storage device (store) for
safe keeping or later use.
TYPES/CLASSIFICATIONS OF

COMPUTERS
COMPUTER
INPUT
OUTPUT
PROCESSING
MEMORY
COMPUTER TYPES
according to Operation
An ANALOG COMPUTER or analogue
computer is a type of computer that
uses the continuous variation aspect
of physical phenomena such as
electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic
quantities (analog signals) to model
the problem being solved.
COMPUTER TYPES
according to Operation
A DIGITAL COMPUTER uses
digital circuits and are designed
to operate on two states, namely
bits 0 and 1. Data on these
computers is represented as a
series of 0s and 1s
COMPUTER TYPES
according to Operation
A Hybrid Computer is a
combination of both digital
and analog computers. In
this type of computers, the
digital segments perform
process control by
conversion of analog signals
to digital ones.
COMPUTER TYPES
according to Purpose
A General Purpose
computers are used for
general works or tasks.
COMPUTER TYPES
according to Purpose
A Special Purpose computer is
used for specific tasks.
COMPUTER TYPES
according size and functions
A Supercomputer can effectively
perform a highly calculation-
intensive tasks. Its application can
range from quantum physics,
mechanics, weather forecasting,
and molecular theory. It has the
ability of parallel processing because
of multiple CPUs and memories.
COMPUTER TYPES
according size and functions
A Mainframe Computer or big iron
computer is smaller and has less
processing capacity than a
supercomputer. It is used primarily
by organizations for critical
applications like bulk data processing
such as censuses, ERP, and large-
scale transaction processing
COMPUTER TYPES
according size and functions
A Minicomputer which is also
known as mid-range workstations
sits between a microcomputer
and mainframe computer in
terms of size. It is designed for
control, instrumentation, human
interaction, and communication.
COMPUTER TYPES
according size and functions
A Server Computer are
computers designed to provide
services to client machines in a
computer network. They have
larger storage capacities and
powerful processors than a
regular microcomputer.
COMPUTER TYPES
according size and functions
A Microcomputer is a small,
relatively inexpensive computer
having one microprocessor,
memory, and I/O peripherals. It is
also known as personal computer
when equipped with mouse and
keyboard.
COMPUTER TYPES
according size and functions
A Mobile Computer is a small,
portable, handheld, wearable,
and vehicle-mounted devices
which can be move easily and
usually has a touch screen
interface. It also has
wired/wireless connectivity such
as Wi-fi, Bluetooth, and Airdrop
COMPUTER
PERIPHERALS
COMPUTER TYPES
according size and functions
A Mobile Computer is a small,
portable, handheld, wearable,
and vehicle-mounted devices
which can be move easily and
usually has a touch screen
interface. It also has
wired/wireless connectivity such
as Wi-fi, Bluetooth, and Airdrop
REVIEW
The IT in YOU
Four of your friends has asked you for some
suggestions on which type of computer unit
they should buy. As an IT Tech, what type of
computer and specifications are you going to
give him/her? Kindly fill out the table below:
The IT in you
Friend A (Gamer) Friend B (Web Friend C (Business Senior High School
Developer & User Owner ) Student
Interface Designer)
Computer Computer Computer Computer
Classification, Classification, Classification, Classification,
Computer Type, Computer Type, I/O Computer Type, Computer Type,
I/O peripherals, peripherals, I/O peripherals, I/O peripherals,
processing device, processing device, processing device, processing device,
memory devices memory devices memory devices memory devices
PRESENTATION
QUESTION
Why is it essential to first determine the used
of computer unit?

How will it be helpful in selecting the right

devices/components for a computer unit?
BASIC SET OF DEVICES OF A

PERSONAL
COMPUTER
SPECIFICATION/S
This is the precise requirement, or a detailed
description of workmanship, materials,
product or processes.

In IT, computer specifications is the summary

of computer’s internal and external
components including Processor, Memory,
Software, and other system information.
SPECIFICATION/S
SPECIFICATION/S
SPECIFICATION/S
SPECIFICATION/S
THE INPUT DEVICES
Keyboard Entry – Data is
inputted to the keyboard
through a keyboard.
Keyboard – an input device
made up of keys/buttons
which represents the
letters, numbers, or
symbols to be inputted.
THE INPUT DEVICES
Direct Entry – a form of input
that does not require data to be
keyed and creates machine-
readable data from paper,
magnetic media or feed it
directly into the computer’s CPU
Pointing Devices – It is an input
device used to move the pointer
on the screen such as the mouse.
THE INPUT DEVICES
Touch screen – a display scree
that is sensitive to the touch
of a finger or stylus. They are
used in ATMs, POS, car
navigation and industrial
controls.
Smartphones and tables uses
touch screen.
THE INPUT DEVICES
Light pen- A light sensitive
stylus used to draw pictures or
select menu options. The user
brings the pen to the desired
point on the screen and
presses the pen button to
make contact.
THE INPUT DEVICES
Digitizer Tablet – this is a
graphics drawing tablet used
for sketching new images. The
user contacts the surface of
the device with a wired or
wireless pen or puck which
served as the tablet’s cursor.
THE INPUT DEVICES
Scanning Devices– a device
that can read text or
illustrations printed on paper
and translates the information
into a form the computer can
use. Example of these are the
flatbed scanner, bar code
reader, and QR code reader.
THE INPUT DEVICES
Voice Input Devices – Audio
input devices are also known
as speech or voice recognition
systems that allow a user to
send audio signals to a
computer for processing,
recording, or carrying out
commands. Example of this is
the microphone.
REVIEW
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
Computer Display
Monitors – It displays
information in visual
form, using text and
graphics. The portion of
the monitor that shows
the information is called
the screen or video
display terminal.
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
CRT Monitors– Cathode
Ray Tube is a vacuum
tube containing one or
more electron guns,
which emit electron
beams that are
manipulated to display
images on a
phosphorescent screen.
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
LCD Monitors– Liquid
Crystal Display is a flat
panel display which
uses liquid crystal in its
primary form of
operation. It uses
fluorescent as
backlights.
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
LED– Light Emitting
Diode Monitors is a flat
panel display which has
an individual dimming
backlighting system
which makes the
projections more
defined, authentic, and
closer to reality.
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
DLP– Digital Light Processing Monitor uses a
chip made of tiny microscopic mirrors and a
spinning colour wheel to create an image. It
projects sharp images, have a better response
time and has 3D capabilities.
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
Smartboard– A type of
display screen that has
a touch sensitive
transparent panel
covering the screen
which is similar to a
touch screen.
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
LED Wall– they are big
screens made up of
light emitting diodes to
display video. They are
generally used for
indoor and outdoor
venues.
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
Printer – A device that
gives hardcopy of a
document made up of
text or illustrations.
Inkjet/Bubble Jet Printer
– sprays ink at a sheet of
paper and produces high
quality text and graphics
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
LASER Printer – A laser
printer is a popular type
of computer printer that
uses a non-impact
photocopier technology
where there are no keys
striking the paper.
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
LCD/LED Printer – Similar
to laser printer, but uses
liquid crystals or LED
rather than a laser to
produce an image on the
drum.
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
Line Printer – Contains a
chain of characters or pins
that print an entire line at
one time. Line printers are
very fast but produce a
low-quality print.
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
Thermal Printer – An
inexpensive printer that
works by pushing heated
pins against heat-sensitive
paper. Thermal printers
are widely used in
calculators and fax
machines.
THE OUTPUT DEVICES
Speakers – An output
device used for playing
sound.
REVIEW
THE STORAGE DEVICES
They are apparatus used
for recording computer
data in a permanent or
semi permanent form
Floppy Diskette – a 3.5 in
diskette that can store up
to 1.44 MB of data
(pictures and text only)
THE STORAGE DEVICES
CD– Compact disc is a
non-magnetic, polished
metal disc used to store
digital information
using a laser. Its
variation are VCD, DVD,
and BD.
THE STORAGE DEVICES
FD– Flash Drives is a
plug and play portable
storage device that uses
flash memory to store
data.
THE SYSTEM UNIT
Sometimes called the
chassis, it houses the most
important components of a
PC. It includes the
motherboard,
microprocessor, memory
chips, buses, ports,
expansion slots and card.
THE MOTHERBOARD

The main circuit board of a

computer. It contains all the
circuits and components
that run the computer.
THE CPU
The Central Processing Unit is the
main chip of a computer. It is the
brain and heart that performs all
the instructions and calculations
that are needed and manages
the flow of information through
a computer
THE MEMORY
ROM – (Read Only Memory)
is non-volatile, meaning it
holds data even when the
power is ON or OFF.
RAM – (Random Access
Memory) is volatile,
meaning it holds data only
when the power is on.
THE EXPANSION BUS
A Bus is a data pathway
between several
hardware components
inside or outside a
computer. An expansion
bus extends the
capability of a personal
computer thru an
expansion card.
THE EXPANSION CARD
It is inserted in an
expansion bus that
permits upgrading to a
new different
hardware.
THE PSU
The Power Supply Unit
converts 120VAC into
DC voltages that are
used by other
components in the PC.
THE HDD
The Hard Disk Drive is a
magnetic storage
device that is used as
permanent storage for
data. It usually contains
the operating system.
THE ODD
The Optical Disc Drive is
a storage device that
uses lasers to read and
write data on an optical
media such as Compact
Disc (CD), Digital
Versatile Disc (DVD), or
Blu-ray Disc (BD)