Effective Speaking

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I. Definition of Terms
II. Communicative Skills
A. Characteristic of an Effective Speaker
B. Methods Available to the Speaker
C. Fundamentals Unique to Speaking
D. Non-verbal Communication
II. Types of Speaking
III. Prepare, Organize, Support, Begin, End, and
Present the Talk
IV. Kinds of Speeches
V. Preparing to Talk
VI. Tips for Making Effective Presentation
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• Is a process of conveying ideas, sharing opinions, and
information, and inducing understanding.

• The process of sharing meanings, unless the speaker and the

audience in their desire to exchange ideas.

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• Integrity

• Knowledge

• Skill

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A. According to the style 0/ Delivery
1. Reading/rom the manuscript
2. Speakingfrom memory
3. Speaking impromptu
4. Speaking extemporaneously

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B. According to purpose
1. To entertain
2. To inform
3. To persuade

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Vocal Communication
1. Loudness, Time, Pitch, and Quality
2. Pronunciation and Diction
3. Fluency and clarity

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1. The Bodily Communication
a. Personal Appearance
b. Eye and Facial Movements
c. Bodily Postures
2. Use of Visual Aids

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I. Preparing to Talk - Speaking in front of a group is by far the
greatest fear of most people.
II. Organizing the Talk - Organize your materials for the
audience.
m. Supporting the Talk - The hardest part in the actual
presentation of the talk.

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Examples:
Testimony - words and thoughts of others
Statistics - Most powerful proof support.
Humor - Capture audience and regain
attention.
Visual - Visual Aids

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• Delivery - will determine whether your audience will understand
what you say and react in the way you intended.
• Preparation - is the key successful speaking.
- Knowledge of your subject.
- Control of your body
- Emotions
- Nervous, stages fright

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• Introduction :
• Attention
• Motivation
• Overview
• Body:
• 1sl Main Point
• Sub Points

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• 2nd Main Points
• Sub Points
• Conclusion (SRC)
• Summary
• Re motivation
• Closure

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 - Introduction - "The Hook" (begin with
anecdotes, present shocking statistics,
asking direct questions, audience
participation.
- Body- contents
- Conclusion- leave
something to think about.

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Enthusiastic - enthusiasm can replace fear the poised
speaker is one who appears self-confident, relaxed and
capable of doing whatever the situation may call for. One
of the worst habit is never moving.
-Leaning on the lectern should also be avoided .
-Continually pacing back and forth . It may appear like a
dance and becomes distraction to your listeners.
-Rocking from side to side.

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Remember 2 Rules:
1. All body movements should be full,
Natural
2. All body movements will cause the
audience to pay attention to the movements
rather than what you are saying .

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• 1. Briefing - to informltell- characterized as
Accurate, Brief and Clear. Ex: military briefing
- Be conscious of the ABC

• 2. Teaching lecture - to teach/inform

students.

• 3. Formal speech - (3 purpose)

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1. INFORMATIVE SPEECH - ex. Speeches to CIVIC clubs,
orientation talks, presentation to commander's calls
2. PERSUASIVE SPEECH - designed to move an audience to
belief or action on some topic, product, or other maHer. Ex.
Recruiting speeches, budget defenses, and court-martial
summations.
3. ENTERTAINING SPEECH - gives enjoyment to the audience.
Ex. Speech at a dining-out

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• What? It is a speech on a realistic factual matter,
and strictly regulated .
• Introduction - Declare speech topic, thesis
statement, attracts attention of your listeners to
the problem you are going to reveal, provides a
brief preview of aspects of the problem that will
be illuminated in the speech.

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Body - giVing a point by point revelation of the
speech topic.

Conclusion - Making a cumulative review of the

information provided; referring to the introduction
and ending the speech up with a startling
conclusion.

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• Aimed at influencing values, ideas, beliefs and
attitudes of the audience. Used to convince
people.
• Types:
• a. Persuasive speech on a factual matter,
• b. Persuasive speech on an axiological (deals
with philosophy, values, ethic) matter,
• c. Persuasive speech on a matter of policy.

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o An impromptu speech is a daunting
assignment in anybody's book. If you find
yourself preparing for a speech with little time
to prepare, then you should take advantage of
every second.
o Purpose
o Organization
o Pattern used

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• OWN & OTHERS'EXPERIENCE "STOCK"
KNOWLEDGE.

• PATTERNS :POINT-YESOR NO AGREE OR DISAGREE

• REASON
• EXAMPLE
• POINT/SUMMARIZE/MESSAGE
• STORY,.MESSAGE, GAIN
• ARRESTING INTRODUCTION
• INTEREST
• DESIRE
• ACTION
• PAST, PRESENT FUTURE
• COMPARE AND CONTRAST
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 Kinds of Speeches
1. Speeches of Intro
2. Greetings and Farewell Speeches
3. After Dinner Speeches and Toasts
4. Political Orations
5. Dedications
6. Nominating Speeches
7. Inaugural Addresses
8. Commencement Addresses
9. Sermons
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• PREPARING TO TALK

- Speaking in front of a group is by far the greatest fear of most

people. Feels like fear of dying, riding in an airplane, shaking of
knees, voice quivered, head ached, the only dry place on your body
was the inside of your mouth, strange muscle spasm began, on
eyelid began to twitch uncontrollably, your legs felt like soft rubber,
your memory left you.
• - Audience- You should be audience-centered.
• - Know and analyze your audience

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• 1. Look sharp but relaxed on the platform.
• 2. Start promptly, slowly, deliberately, and in a
friendly way.
• 3. Established and maintain strong eye
contact.
• 4. Sound like an expert in your subject area.
• 5. Control your movements & body language.

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1. Introduce yourself.
2. Get the audience attention .
3. Motivate your listeners.
4 . Preview your topic.
5. Preview your procedures.

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1. Review the main points.
2. Present a memorable closing statement.
3. Conduct a productive question-and-answer
session .

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1. Mistakes in content.
2. Mistakes in delivery

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1. Overcoming nervousness
2. Thorough preparation
3. Good delivery

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1. eye communication
2. posture and movement
3. gesture and facial expressions
4 . dress and appearance
5. voice and vocal variety
6. language, pauses and non words
7. listener involvement
8. using humor
9. th e n atu ral self

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1. Practice
2. Know your subject
3. Know your audience
4. Know your objective
•
5. Prepare
6. Rehearse

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A. Developing the Proper Attitude
B. Selecting Interesting Topics
C. Being Well-Prepared
D. Don't Memorize your Speech
E. Focusing Your Attention on your Audience
F. Remaining Relaxed
G. Channeling Nervous Energy Into Movement
And Gesture

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• Forget your friends
• Abandon thoughts of self
• Relax and breath deeply
• Prepare your speech
• Move on the stage

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1. Check the room and materials ahead of time
2. Make sure that your appearance is appropriate
3. Start promptly
4. Set the tone
5. Greet the people as they enter

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6. Speak confidently and with respect if you forgot
what to say.
7. Look for a friendly face.
8. Become aware of distracting mannerism .
9. Use a podium or a pointer appropriately.
10. Be willing to change your approach or material
to meet the needs of participants

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11 . Affirm participants resources.

12. Don 't make excuses.

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1. Relax - you should show that you are relaxed.
2. Don't preach or pontificate to your audience.
3. Show sincerity and conviction.

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1. Show the importance of the subject
2, Show the importance of the occasion
3. Use startling statistics.
4. Ask rhetorical questions.
5. Use quotations
6. Tell a story.

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1. Summarizing the main point.
2. Telling a story
3. Restating a proposed plan .
4. Using quotation.
5. Showing the importance of the subject and/or
.
occasion .

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1. Connect with your audience
2. Be energetic
3. Organize your speech
4 . Use transitions
5. Include your own experience
6. Use visuals
7. Include expert testimony
~ -4
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8. Make eye contact
9. Know your subject inside and out
10. Include a "wow"
11 . Use humor
12. Leave the audience with something to think
about.
RESULT: Become a better speaker.

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Any Questions?

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 "A GREAT DEAL OF
LEARNING CAN BE
PACKED INTOAN
EM PTY HEAD"
-Karl Kraus-
••• •
-""-

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