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Lesson 3 Circuits Analysis

This document discusses circuits analysis and Kirchhoff's laws. It explains that in a series circuit, the total resistance is equal to the sum of the individual resistances. In a parallel circuit, the overall resistance is calculated by taking the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances. Two example circuits are provided to demonstrate how to use Kirchhoff's laws to calculate various current and voltage values.

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36 views4 pages

Lesson 3 Circuits Analysis

This document discusses circuits analysis and Kirchhoff's laws. It explains that in a series circuit, the total resistance is equal to the sum of the individual resistances. In a parallel circuit, the overall resistance is calculated by taking the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances. Two example circuits are provided to demonstrate how to use Kirchhoff's laws to calculate various current and voltage values.

Uploaded by

raina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SPH3U Circuits Analysis

Ms. Kueh

Recall: How do V, I, and R relate in a circuit? _________________

The most basic ways to connect loads are in series and parallel.

Series circuits offer _________________for charges to flow (charges flow from one load
to the next in series) while parallel offer charges a “choice”.

Kirchhoff’s Laws

Kirchhoff’s Current Law - I out =I ¿ for any junction

Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law - The sum of all voltage increases in any complete circuit
loop is equal to the sum of all voltage decreases
It’s really just conservation of energy!

V out =V ¿

These laws can be applied to determine some general rules of circuits.

Consider a series circuit with 3 resistors:

From Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law: VT = V1 + V2 + V3


From Ohm’s Law: ITRT = I1R1 + I2R2 + I3R3
From Kirchhoff’s Current Law: IT = I1 = I2 = I3
Therefore, in a series circuit,
RT =R 1 + R2 +R 3 +…

Consider a parallel circuit with 3 resistors:

From Kirchhoff’s Current Law: IT = I1 + I2 + I3


VT V1 V2 V 3
= + +
From Ohm’s Law: RT R 1 R 2 R3
From Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law: VT = V1 = V2 = V3
Therefore, in a parallel circuit,
1 1 1 1
= + + +…
R T R1 R2 R 3
Example 1 For the following circuit, find the values for I source, I 1, I 2, I 3, V 1, V 2, V 3, and
Rtotal . Where R1=15.0 , R2=25.0 , R3=35.0 , and V =12.0V .
V[V] I[A] R[Ω]
1
2
3
T

Example 2 For the following circuit V source =12.0 V , I 1=0.50 A , V 3=2.5V , V 4 =5.0 V ,
R
and 3 =10.0 . Find I source , I 2, I 3, I 4, V 1, V 2, R1, R2, R4 , and Rtotal .
V[V] I[A] R[Ω]
1
2
3
4
T

Without calculating(!), think about how you would simplify the resistors in this diagram.

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