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Worksheet 3 Derivatives Applications

This document is a worksheet on calculus topics for a first year engineering mathematics course. It contains problems about tangents and normals, length of arc of curvature, position of centre of curvature, inflection points and relative extrema, using the first and second derivative tests to find relative extrema, and word problems involving position, velocity, acceleration and distance over time for moving particles. The document provides exercises to help students practice applying differentiation to real-world geometry and physics scenarios.

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Amos Kewa
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18 views3 pages

Worksheet 3 Derivatives Applications

This document is a worksheet on calculus topics for a first year engineering mathematics course. It contains problems about tangents and normals, length of arc of curvature, position of centre of curvature, inflection points and relative extrema, using the first and second derivative tests to find relative extrema, and word problems involving position, velocity, acceleration and distance over time for moving particles. The document provides exercises to help students practice applying differentiation to real-world geometry and physics scenarios.

Uploaded by

Amos Kewa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Papua New Guinea University of Technology,

Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,


First Year Engineering Mathematics – Semester 1 – 2022
AM112 – Calculus and Algebra

Topic 2 differentiation and applications – Worksheet 3

TANGENTS AND NORMALS, LENGTH OF ARC OF CURVATURE, POSITION OF CENTRE OF CURVATURE:


Since these sub-topics are all from KA Stroud 5th Edition 2001, the first exercises are from Stroud pg 640 – 642:
TEST EXERCISES

FURTHER PROBLEMS
INFLECTION POINTS AND RELATIVE EXTREMA

1. In each part use the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) in the


accompanying figure to find the requested
information.
(a) Find the intervals on which 𝑓 is increasing.
(b) Find the intervals on which 𝑓 is decreasing.
(c) Find the open intervals on which 𝑓 is
concave up.
(d) Find the open interval on which 𝑓 is concave
down.
(e) Find all values of 𝑥 at which 𝑓 has an
inflection point.
2. Use the graph in 1. To make a table that shows the signs of 𝑓′ and 𝑓′′ over the intervals,
(1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5), (5,6) and (6,7).
3. In the following, find (i) the intervals on which 𝑓 is increasing, (ii) the intervals of which 𝑓 is decreasing, (iii)
the open intervals on which 𝑓 is concave up, (iv) the open intervals on which 𝑓 is concave down, (v) the x-
coordinates of all the inflection points.
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 6 (b) 𝑓(𝑥) = 4 − 3𝑥 − 𝑥 (c) 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 2)
(d) 𝑓(𝑥) = 5 + 12𝑥 − 𝑥 (e) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 4𝑥 (f) 𝑥 − 8𝑥 + 16
(g) 𝑓(𝑥) = (h) 𝑓(𝑥) = (i) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 + 2

(j) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 /
(k) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 (𝑥 + 4) (l) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 /
− 𝑥 /

FIRST AND 2ND DERIVATIVE TEST


4. In the following, find the relative extrema using both the first and second derivative test.
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 − 4𝑥 − 𝑥 (b) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 9𝑥 + 12𝑥 (c) 𝑓(𝑥) = sin 𝑥 , 0 < 𝑥 < 2𝜋
(d) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 , 0 < 𝑥 < 2𝜋
5. In the following use any method to find the relative extrema of the function 𝑓.
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 5𝑥 − 2 (b) 𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 7 (c) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥(𝑥 − 1)
(d) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 2𝑥 (e) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 𝑥 (f) 𝑓(𝑥) = (2𝑥 − 1)
(g) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 /
(h) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 𝑥 /
(i) 𝑓(𝑥) =
9 − 𝑥, 𝑥 ≤ 3
(j) 𝑓(𝑥) = (k) 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥 − 4| (l) 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥 − 3, 𝑥 > 3
6. In the following, the position function of a particle moving along a coordinate line is given, where 𝑠 is in feet
and 𝑡 is in seconds.
(i) Find the velocity and acceleration functions.
(ii) Find the position, velocity, speed and acceleration at time 𝑡 = 1.
(iii) At what time is the particle stopped?
(iv) When is the particle speeding up? Slowing down?
(v) Find the total distance travelled by the particle from time 𝑡 = 0 to time 𝑡 = 5.
(a) 𝑠(𝑡) = 𝑡 − 6𝑡 , 𝑡 ≥ 0, (b) 𝑠(𝑡) = 𝑡 − 4𝑡 + 2, 𝑡 ≥ 0
(c) 𝑠(𝑡) = 3 cos , 0≤𝑡≤5 (d) 𝑠(𝑡) = , 𝑡≥0

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