DOT NET TECHNOLOGY

Working with Data

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology
 Active Data Object - ADO.NET
• ADO.NET allows us to interact with relational
databases and other data source.

• Technology to communicate with a database.

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 2
 ADO.NET Object Model
• Data Namespaces
▫ System.Data
 Contains fundamental classes with core ADO.NET
functionality
 DataSet, DataRelation

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 3
 ADO.NET Object Model
• Data Namespaces
▫ System.Data.OleDb
 Contains classes to connect to OLE DB provider
 Classes: OleDbCommand, OleDbConnection

▫ System.Data.SqlClient
 Contains classes to connect to Microsoft SQL Server
database
 Classes: SqlDbCommand, SqlDbConnection

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 4
 ADO.NET Object Model
• Data Namespaces
▫ System.Data.SqlTypes
 Contains structures for SQL Server-specific data types
 Structures: SqlMoney, SqlDateTime

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 5
 ADO.NET Object Model
• ADO.NET Objects:

• Two groups of objects:

▫ Objects that are used to contain and manage data
 DataSet, DataTable, DataRow, DataRelation

▫ Objects that are used to connect to a data source

 Connections, Commands, DataReader

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 6
 ADO.NET Object Model
• The Data Objects
• Allows to store a local, disconnected copy of data
▫ DataSet Object
▫ DataTable Object
▫ DataRow Object
▫ DataColumn Object
▫ DataRelation Object
▫ DataView Object

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 7
 Data source interaction objects
• SqlConnection & OleDbConnection
▫ Establish a connection
▫ First step in any database operation

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 8
 Data source interaction objects
• SqlCommand & OleDbCommand
▫ Represent an SQL statement or stored procedure to retrieve,
update or modify data
▫ To use command, use DataAdapter or one of the methods
below:

▫ ExecuteNonQuery: Executes command without retrieving

any information. Ideal for Insert, Update or Delete operations

▫ ExecuteReader: Creates DataReader object that allows to

retrieve rows from the data source. Ideal for Select operation

▫ ExecuteScalar: Creates Reader that returns a single value

instead of rows; first column from the first row of resulting
rowset
Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 9
 Data source interaction objects
• SqlDataReader & OleDbReader
▫ Provide a steady stream of data
▫ Fastest way to read data when we want to display
data on the web page
▫ Used with Select operation
▫ Don’t allow any changes or updates
▫ Method: Read

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 10
 Data source interaction objects
• SqlDataAdapter & OleDbAdapter
▫ Bridge between a Command and a DataSet

SQL
Command DataAdapter DataSet
Statement

▫ We can create an SQL statement to select a set of rows,

create a Command that represents it and use
DataAdapter to automatically retrieve all matching rows
and insert them into a supplied DataSet

▫ Reference to 4 commands
 DeleteCommand
 InsertCommand
 SelectCommand
 UpdateCommand
Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 11
 Data source interaction objects
• SqlDataAdapter & OleDbAdapter
▫ Methods:
 Fill: executes SelectCommand and places the results
into the DataSet we supply

 Update: searches through the supplied DataSet and

applies all the changes it finds to the data source.
InsertCommand, UpdateCommand or
DeleteCommand is required

 FillSchema: uses the SelectCommnad to retrieve

information about a table and add it to a DataSet

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 12
 ADO.NET Data Access
• Simple Data Access
1. Create Connection, Command and DataReader
objects
2. Use DataReader to retrieve information from
database
3. Display results in a control on a web form
4. Close Connection
5. Send page to the user

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 13
 ADO.NET Data Access
• Simple Data Updates
1. Create Connection and Command objects
2. Execute the command with appropriate SQL
statement
3. Use ExecuteNonQuery method to execute the SQL
statement

• Importing NameSpaces
▫ using System.Data
▫ using System.Data.OleDb / System.Data.SqlClient

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 14
 Creating a Connection
• Specify value of a ConnectionString property

• ConnectionString defines all the information the computer

needs to find the data source, login and choose an initial
database

• Syntax:
SqlConnection MyConn = new SqlConnection();
MyConn.ConnectionString = “Provider = SQLOLEDB; Data Source =
localhost; Initial Catalog = TestDatabase; User ID=sa";

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 21
 ConnectionString
• Provider
▫ Name of OLEDB provider
▫ SQLOLEDB for SQL
• Data Source
▫ Name of the server where the data source is located
▫ ‘localhost’ if server is on same machine
• Initial catalog
▫ Name of the database that this connection will be
accessing
• User ID & Password
▫ ID and password to access the database

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 22
Connection String
 Creating a Connection
SqlConnection MyConn = new SqlConnection();
MyConn.ConnectionString = @"Data
Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename=D:\MyWebApp1\App_Data\T
estDatabase.mdf;Integrated Security=True;User Instance=True";

• Making a Connection:
MyConnection.Open();

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 25
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
SqlConnection MyConn = new SqlConnection();

MyConn.ConnectionString = @"Data
Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename=D:\MyWebApp1\App_Da
ta\Test Database.mdf;Integrated Security=True;User Instance=True";

MyConn.Open();

Label1.Text = "<b> Server Version:</b>";

Label1.Text += MyConn.ServerVersion;
Label1.Text += "<b> Connection is:</b>";
Label1.Text += MyConn.State.ToString();

MyConn.Close();
}
Part 1: Establish a Connection:
i. Create a Connection object
ii. Write a Connection String
iii. Open the connection

Part 2: Execute SQL statement:

i. Create a Command object
ii. Connect the Command object with Connection object
iii. Create and execute SQL query using CommandText method

Part 3: DateReader for SELECT operation:

i. Create a DataReader object
ii. Execute the DataReader object with ExecuteReader() method
iii. Use Read() method to retrieve matching rows
OR
Part 3: For UPDATE/DELETE/INSERT operation:
i. Use ExecuteNonQuery method on command object to perform
update/delete /insert operation
Part 1: Establish a Connection: SqlConnection MyConn = new SqlConnection();
i. Create a Connection object
ii. Write a Connection String MyConn.ConnectionString = @“<Connection String>";

iii. Open the connection

MyConn.Open();

Part 2: Execute SQL statement:

i. Create a Command object
ii. Connect the Command object with Connection object
iii. Create and execute SQL query using CommandText method

Part 3: DateReader for SELECT operation:

i. Create a DataReader object
ii. Execute the DataReader object with ExecuteReader() method
iii. Use Read() method to retrieve matching rows
OR
Part 3: For UPDATE/DELETE/INSERT operation:
i. Use ExecuteNonQuery method on command object to perform
update/delete /insert operation
Part 1: Establish a Connection:
i. Create a Connection object
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
ii. Write a Connection String
iii. Open the connection
cmd.Connection = MyConn;

Part 2: Execute SQL statement:

cmd.CommandText = “<SQL Query>";
i. Create a Command object
ii. Connect the Command object with Connection object
iii. Create and execute SQL query using CommandText method

Part 3: DateReader for SELECT operation:

i. Create a DataReader object
ii. Execute the DataReader object with ExecuteReader() method
iii. Use Read() method to retrieve matching rows
OR
Part 3: For UPDATE/DELETE/INSERT operation:
i. Use ExecuteNonQuery method on command object to perform
update/delete /insert operation
Part 1: Establish a Connection:
i. Create a Connection object
ii. Write a Connection String
iii. Open the connection SqlDataReader MyReader;

Part 2: Execute SQL statement: MyReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();

i. Create a Command object
ii. Connect the Command object with Connection object
iii. Create and execute SQL query using CommandText method

Part 3: DateReader for SELECT operation: MyReader.Read();

MyReader[“<Field_Name>"].ToString()
i. Create a DataReader object
ii. Execute the DataReader object with ExecuteReader() method
iii. Use Read() method to retrieve matching rows
OR
Part 3: For UPDATE/DELETE/INSERT operation:
i. Use ExecuteNonQuery method on command object to perform
update/delete /insert operation
Part 1: Establish a Connection:
i. Create a Connection object
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
ii. Write a Connection String
iii. Open the connection
cmd.Connection = MyConn;

Part 2: Execute SQL statement:

cmd.CommandText = “<SQL Query>";
i. Create a Command object
ii. Connect the Command object with Connection object
iii. Create and execute SQL query using CommandText method

Part 3: DateReader for SELECT operation:

i. Create a DataReader object
ii. Execute the DataReader object with ExecuteReader() method
iii. Use Read() method to retrieve matching rows
OR cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
Part 3: For UPDATE/DELETE/INSERT operation:
i. Use ExecuteNonQuery method on command object to perform
update/delete /insert operation
 Defining a Select Command
• Define an SQL statement to select information
• Take a Command object that executes the SQL
statement
• Take a DataReader or DataSet to catch the
retrieved records
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
cmd.Connection = MyConn;
cmd.CommandText = “SELECT * from Table_Name";

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 33
 DataReader
• Quickly retrieve all your results
• Use ExecuteReader method to create a DataReader
SqlDataReader MyReader;
MyReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();

• Retrieve a row using a Read command

MyReader.Read();

• Access values of the retrieved row

ListBox1.Items.Add(MyReader["ID"].ToString() + " , " +
MyReader["PWD"].ToString());

• Use Read() method again to retrieve next row or use

while(MyReader.Read())
{
ListBox1.Items.Add(MyReader["ID"].ToString() + " , " +
MyReader["PWD"].ToString());
}
Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 34
 Closing the connection

MyReader.Close();

MyConnection.Close();

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 36
 Updating Data
• Insert, Update & Delete commands

• Create a command object

• Execute the command with ExecuteNonQuery

method

• This method returns the number of rows that

were affected

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 37
 Updating a Record
• Create a command object

• Execute the command with ExecuteNonQuery method

• This method returns the number of rows that were

updated

• Write SQL query for UPDATE

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 38
 Reading a Record
• Before updating any record, retrieve it from the
data source using DataReader

• Ex: Table Test1(ID, PWD)

• List IDs in a DropdownList
• Display that record in Textboxes

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 40
using System.Data.SqlClient;

public partial class SQLUpdateData : System.Web.UI.Page

{
SqlConnection MyConn = new SqlConnection(@"Data
Source=(LocalDB)\MSSQLLocalDB;AttachDbFilename=c:\users\hp\documents\visual studio
2015\Projects\Local_DB_Test_App\Local_DB_Test_App\App_Data\MyDB_1.mdf;Integrated
Security=True");

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{
// continue…
if (!IsPostBack)
{
MyConn.Open();
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
cmd.Connection = MyConn;
cmd.CommandText = "select ID from Test1";

// Define a DataReader
SqlDataReader MyReader;
MyReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();

// retrieve a row
while (MyReader.Read())
{
DropDownList1.Items.Add(MyReader["ID"].ToString());
}
MyReader.Close();
MyConn.Close();
}
}
protected void DropDownList1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ // Make AutoPostBack property of DropDownList to True

MyConn.Open();
String SelectSQL;
SelectSQL = "Select * from Test1 where ID = '" +
DropDownList1.SelectedItem.Value + "'";

SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

cmd.Connection = MyConn;
cmd.CommandText = SelectSQL;

// Define a DataReader
SqlDataReader MyReader;
MyReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();

// continue
 // retrieve a row
while (MyReader.Read())
{

TextBox1.Text = MyReader["ID"].ToString();
TextBox2.Text = MyReader["PWD"].ToString();
}
MyReader.Close();

}
protected void UpdateButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
String UpdateSQL;

UpdateSQL = "UPDATE Test1 set ID = '"+ TextBox1.Text +"', PWD = '" +

TextBox2.Text + "' where ID = '"+ DropDownList1.SelectedItem.Value +"'" ;

MyConn.Open();

SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

cmd.Connection = MyConn;
cmd.CommandText = UpdateSQL;

int updated;
updated = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

Label1.Text = updated.ToString() + " record(s) updated";

}
Record Updated
 Deleting a Record
• Create a command object

• Execute the command with ExecuteNonQuery method

• Write SQL query for DELETE

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 51
protected void DeleteButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
String DeleteSQL;

DeleteSQL = “DELETE from Test1 where ID = '" + DropDownList1.SelectedItem.

Value + "'";
MyConn.Open();

SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

cmd.Connection = MyConn;
cmd.CommandText = DeleteSQL;

int deleted;
deleted = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

Label1.Text = deleted.ToString() + " record(s) deleted";

}
 Adding a Record
• Create a command object

• Execute the command with ExecuteNonQuery method

• Write SQL query for INSERT

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology 55
protected void CreateNewButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
TextBox1.Text = "";
TextBox2.Text = "";
}
protected void InsertNewButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
String InsertSQL;
InsertSQL = “INSERT into Test1 (ID, PWD) values ('"+TextBox1.Text+"',
'"+TextBox2.Text+"')";
MyConn.Open();

SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

cmd.Connection = MyConn;
cmd.CommandText = InsertSQL;

int added;
added = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

Label1.Text = added.ToString() + " record(s) added";

}
Record Added
 End

Prof. Bhumika Patel Sarvajanik College of Eng. & Tech., Surat Dotnet Technology