Service Marketing Assignment 1

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Assignment - 2

Submitted By: Submitted To:

Course: B.B.A

Enrollment No:

Group: B

The GAP model of service quality is a framework that


helps analyze and manage the various factors that
contribute to the delivery of high-quality services. It
identifies several gaps that may occur during the service
delivery process and provides insights into how
organizations can bridge these gaps to enhance
customer satisfaction and loyalty.

The model was developed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml,


and Berry in the 1980s and has since been widely
adopted in the field of service marketing and
management. It highlights five key gaps that
organizations should address:

Gap 1: Customer Expectations vs. Management


Perceptions:
This gap refers to the difference between what
customers expect from a service and how management
perceives those expectations. To bridge this gap,
organizations need to accurately understand and
interpret customer expectations through market
research, customer feedback, and communication
channels.

Gap 2: Management Perceptions vs. Service Quality


Specifications:
Gap 2 represents the difference between management's
understanding of customer expectations and the actual
service quality specifications developed. To close this
gap, management should ensure that service quality
standards, policies, and procedures are designed based
on a clear understanding of customer expectations.

Gap 3: Service Quality Specifications vs. Service


Delivery:
This gap arises when there is a disconnect between the
service quality specifications and their actual delivery to
customers. Organizations must ensure that their
employees are trained and equipped to meet the
defined service standards consistently.

Gap 4: Service Delivery vs. External Communications:


Gap 4 refers to the discrepancy between the service
delivered to customers and the promises made through
external communications, such as advertisements or
marketing messages. It is crucial for organizations to
align their communication efforts with the actual service
experience to avoid creating false expectations.

Gap 5: Perceived Service vs. Customer Expectations:


This final gap represents the difference between
customers' perception of the service they received and
their initial expectations. Organizations should strive to
meet or exceed customer expectations consistently to
close this gap and achieve high levels of customer
satisfaction.

By understanding and addressing each of these gaps,


organizations can improve service quality, enhance
customer satisfaction, and build long-term customer
relationships. The GAP model provides a systematic
approach for identifying areas of improvement and
implementing strategies to bridge the gaps along the
service delivery process.

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