Higher Nationals

Internal verification of assessment decisions – BTEC (RQF)

INTERNAL VERIFICATION – ASSESSMENT DECISIONS

Programme title BTEC HND in Computing

Assessor Internal Verifier

Unit 06: Managing a Successful Computing Project
Unit(s)
Managing a Project on the environmental impact of digital transformation
Assignment title

Student’s name
List which assessment criteria Pass Merit Distinction
the Assessor has awarded.

INTERNAL VERIFIER CHECKLIST

Do the assessment criteria awarded match

those shown in the assignment brief? Y/N
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justified by the assessor’s comments on the Y/N
student work?
Has the work been assessed
Y/N
accurately?
Is the feedback to the student:
Give details:
• Constructive? Y/N
• Linked to relevant assessment criteria? Y/N
• Identifying opportunities for Y/N
improved performance?
• Agreeing actions? Y/N
Does the assessment decision need
Y/N
amending?

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Higher Nationals – Summative Assignment Feedback Form

Student Name/ID

Unit Title Unit 6 Managing a Successful Computing Project

Assignment Number 1 Assessor

DateReceived1stsub
Submission Date
mission
DateReceived2ndsubmissio
Re-submission Date
n
Assessor Feedback:

LO1.Establish project aims, objectives and time frames based on the chosen theme
Pass, Merit & Distinction P1 P2 P3 M1
Descripts
LO2. Conduct small-scale research, information gathering and data collection to generate knowledge
to support the project
Pass, Merit & Distinction P4 M2 D1
Descripts

LO3. Present the project and communicate appropriate recommendations based on meaningful conclusions
drawn from the evidence findings and/or analysis.
Pass, Merit & Distinction P5 P6 M3 D2
Descripts

LO4. Reflect on the value gained from conducting the project and its usefulness to support sustainable
organisational performance
Pass, Merit & Distinction P7 M4 D3
Descripts

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Resubmission Feedback:

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Internal Verifier’s Comments:

Signature & Date:

* Please note that grade decisions are provisional. They are only confirmed once internal and external moderation has taken place and grades decisions have
been agreed at the assessment board.

Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 2
Assignment Feedback
Formative Feedback: Assessor to Student

Action Plan

Summative feedback

Feedback: Student to Assessor

Assessor signature Date

Student signature Date

Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 3
 Pearson
Higher Nationals in
Computing
Unit 6: Managing a Successful Computing Project

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General Guidelines

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 1. It is strictly prohibited to use textboxes to add texts in the assignments, except for the compulsory
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REFERRAL or at worst you could be expelled from the course

Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 6
Student Declaration

I hereby, declare that I know what plagiarism entails, namely to use another’s work and to present it as my own
without attributing the sources in the correct way. I further understand what it means to copy another’s work.

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Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 7
Higher National Diploma in Computing

Assignment Brief
Student Name /ID Number
Unit Number and Title Unit 6: Managing a Successful Computing Project
Academic Year 2021/20222018
Unit Tutor
Assignment Title Managing a Project on the environmental impact of digital
transformation.
Issue Date
Submission Date
IV Name & Date
Submission Format:
The submission should be in the form of an individual report written in a concise, formal business style
using single spacing (refer to the assignment guidelines for more details). You are required to make use
of headings, paragraphs, and subsections as appropriate, and all work must be supported with research
and referenced using Harvard referencing system. Please provide in-text citation and a list of references
using Harvard referencing system.
Please note that this is an individual assessment and your report should include evidences to that you
have conducted a research to collect relevant data individually.

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Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 9
Unit Learning Outcomes:
LO1 Establish project aims, objectives and timeframes based on the chosen theme.

LO2 Conduct small-scale research, information gathering and data collection to generate knowledge to
support the project.

LO3 Present the project and communicate appropriate recommendations based on meaningful
conclusions drawn from the evidence findings and/or analysis.

LO4 Reflect on the value gained from conducting the project and its usefulness to support sustainable
organizational performance.

Assignment Brief and Guidance:

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Research Theme: The environmental impact of digital transformation Research

Topic: The impact of digital endpoint devices and ways to reduce environmental damage.

“The amount of data created and stored globally is expected to reach 175 Zettabytes by 2025, a six-fold
increase from 2018. This will demand additional hardware and power consumption, which; in turn, will
increase the environmental impact of the digital sector and there is already increasing attention on the
environmental footprint of ICT equipment and services as they become more widespread in all aspects
of human life. It is the responsibility of everyone to take action in addressing the challenges of climate
change, as professionals we must also seek ways that the digital sector can play its part. While digital
technologies are one of the sectors that have achieved greater efficiency; achieving about 100 times
more computation power from the same amount of energy per decade, it remains unsustainable. The
sector must continue to seek ways in which it can continue to support and drive innovation while
addressing the global climate emergency for a greener and fairer future.”.(Pearson, 2022)You are
expected to carry out small-scale research in order to explore the impact of digital endpoint devices
and ways to reduce environmental damage, from the standpoint of a computing professional. The
research that you carry out can be based on an organization that you have access to gather sufficient
information to investigate the environmental impact of digital transformation.

The report should include,

 A comprehensive project management plan

 Evaluation of data collection methods and data analysis tools and/or techniques should be
provided

 Appropriate recommendations should be provided

 Reflect on the value gained from conducting the project and its usefulness to support sustainable
organisational performance

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TASK – 01

1.1 Define the scope of the project and devise aims and objectives of the project that you are going to
carry out. You also should include a brief introduction to the selected company, digital endpoint
devices they use and the impact of them to the environment, explanation to the project and other
relevant information about the research.

1.2 Produce a comprehensive project plan including the following.

 Cost, scope, time, quality, communication, risk, and resources management plan
 Comprehensive Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) with clearly defined activities and milestones
 Gannt chart to illustrate project schedule with realistic time allocated for each activity and
clearly defined deadlines for milestones.

TASK – 02

Carry out a research to investigate the impact of digital endpoint devices and the ways to reduce
environmental damage’ by applying appropriate qualitative and quantitative research methodologies
and critically evaluate the reliability, accuracy and the appropriateness of the research methods applied.
your answer also should include a critical evaluation of the project management process and a
justification to the selected research methodologies.

TASK – 03

3.1 Analyse research data collected to support your research project using appropriate tools, techniques
and critically evaluate how selected tools, techniques uphold authenticity and the accuracy of the
data collected.
3.2 Draw valid conclusions and recommendations from the research data analysed and communicate
your recommendations to the top management of the organization through an action plan. The
action plan should include a justification to the recommendations suggested.

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TASK – 04

Reflect on the objectives of the project and your own learning experience gained through following a
quality research and the project management process. Critically evaluate the ways in which the research
project carried out supports the organization to sustain its performance while reducing environmental
damage and how the project specifically supported you to improve your own learning and performance .

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Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 14
Grading Rubric

Grading Criteria Achieved Feedback

LO1 Establish project aims, objectives and timeframes based on the

chosen theme
P1 Devise project aims and objectives for a chosen scenario.

P2 Produce a project management plan that covers aspects of cost, scope,

time, quality, communication, risk and resources.
P3 Produce a work breakdown structure and a Gantt Chart to provide
timeframes and stages for completion.
M1 Produce a comprehensive project management plan, milestone
schedule and project schedule for monitoring and completing the aims and
objectives of the project.
LO2 Conduct small-scale research, information gathering and data collection
to generate knowledge to support the project

P4 Carry out small-scale research by applying qualitative and

quantitative research methods appropriate for meeting project aims and
objectives.
M2 Evaluate the accuracy and reliability of different research methods
applied.
D1 Critically evaluate the project management process and appropriate
research methodologies applied.
LO3 Present the project and communicate appropriate recommendations
based on meaningful conclusions drawn from the evidence findings and/or
analysis

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P5 Analyse research and data using appropriate
tools and techniques.
P6 Communicate appropriate recommendations as a
result of research and data analysis to draw valid and meaningful
conclusions.
M3 Evaluate the selection of appropriate tools and techniques for accuracy
and authenticity to support and justify recommendations.
D2 Critically evaluate the research and data analysis tools used in the
project development stages..
LO4 Reflect on the value gained from conducting the project and its
usefulness to support sustainable organisational performance
P7 Reflect on the value of undertaking the research to meet stated .
objectives and own learning and performance.
M4 Evaluate the value of the project management process and use of
quality research to meet stated objectives and support own learning and
performance.
D3 Critically evaluate how the project supports sustainable
organisational performance.

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Contents
Section A..................................................................................................................................18
Topic- Using digital transformation as a strategy to achieve environmental sustainability at
Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala..............................................................................................18
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................18
1.Introduction to the organization........................................................................................18
2. Project Definition.............................................................................................................19
2.1. Topic - Using digital transformation as a strategy to achieve environmental
sustainability at Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala................................................................19
2.2. Purpose - Minimizing the harmful effects of digitalization on the environment..........19
2.3. Conceptual Framework.................................................................................................19
Independent Variable Dependent Variable.......20
2.4. Objectives......................................................................................................................20
2.5. Scope.............................................................................................................................20
2.6. Deliverables...................................................................................................................21
2.7. Constraints.....................................................................................................................22
2.8. Assumptions..................................................................................................................22
Section B..................................................................................................................................22
1.Chapter 01 – Introduction and Research Questions & Objective.....................................22
1.1. Background Study of the Research...............................................................................22
2. Chapter 02 - Literature Review............................................................................................24
Introduction..........................................................................................................................24
2.1. Environmental sustainability.........................................................................................25
2.2. Number of Staff.............................................................................................................25
2.2. Number of Machines.....................................................................................................26
2.3. Source of Power............................................................................................................26
3. Chapter 03 - Research Methodology....................................................................................27
Research Type......................................................................................................................28
3.1. Research Design............................................................................................................29
3.2. Research Approach........................................................................................................29
3.3. Sampling.......................................................................................................................29
3.4. Methods of gathering and data collection.....................................................................30
3.4.1. Instruments and techniques to be used...................................................................31
3.4.1.1. Primary data........................................................................................................31
3.6. Method of Data Analysis...............................................................................................31
3.7. Ethical Consideration....................................................................................................31

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 3.8. Role of the Researcher..................................................................................................32
3.4. Reliability......................................................................................................................33
4. Chapter 04- Data Analysis and Presentation........................................................................34
Introduction..........................................................................................................................34
4.1. Demographical data analysis.........................................................................................34
4.2.1. Gender Distribution................................................................................................34
4.2.2. Age Group..............................................................................................................35
4.2.3. Civil Status.............................................................................................................36
4.2.4. whether employees read the above survey description and knew or did not know
what this research was about............................................................................................36
Inference Analysis................................................................................................................37
4.2. Variable Analysis...........................................................................................................37
Descriptive Statistics............................................................................................................38
Reliability Testing of the Data Set.......................................................................................39
Nature of Dependent Variable..............................................................................................40
4.3. Correlation Analysis......................................................................................................42
Regression Analysis.............................................................................................................43

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1.Chapter 01 – Introduction and Research Questions & Objective

Topic- Using digital transformation as a strategy to achieve environmental

sustainability at Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala

INTRODUCTION

1.1. Introduction to the organization

Today, the world is becoming digitized. Similarly, the impact on the environment is also
increasing. Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala has taken various measures as a solution to this.

The organization that is selected for the assignment is Dialog which is one of
the subsidiaries of the Axiata Group. The organization at the moment provides fast internet
telecommunication services as well as mobile telecommunication services Sri Lanka. The
organization has been listed as a public-listed organization and it stands as one of the largest
organizations in the Stock Exchange of Colombo, in view of the organization's particular
market exchange. The largest FDI in Sri Lanka has been for Dialog organization which has
are venue of more than USD 1.8 billion. Further the particular organization has ISO
9001certification which is important to represent their quality standards. Additionally, the
organization has got various qualifications, for example, National Quality Awards.

Vision -To be the undisputed leader in the provision of multi-sensory connectivity resulting
always, in the empowerment and enrichment of Sri Lankan lives and enterprises.

Mission -To lead in the provision of technology enabled connectivity touching multiple
human sensors and faculties, through committed adherence to customer-driven, responsive
and flexible business processes, and through the delivery of quality service and leading-edge
technology unparalleled by any other, spurred by an empowered set of dedicated individuals

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who are driven by an irrepressible desire to work as one towards a common goal in the truest
sense of team spirit.

Values

 Service from the Heart

 Create the Future
 Champions of Change
 Exceptional Performance
 Uncompromising Integrity
 Responsible Leadership
 One Team

1.2. Background Study of the Research

This Research is based on the adoption of digital transformation as a strategy to achieve

environmental sustainability by Kurunegala Dialog Axiata PLC, Institute. Transactions taking
place in Dialog Institute are recorded on paper. A lot of paper is used continuously. This is
harmful to the environment. Trees have to be cut to make paper. As a solution to this,
transactions can be recorded in computers instead of on paper. Similarly, transactions can be
done through the My Dialog app introduced by them. By this, environmental sustainability
can be achieved.

And there are a lot of old machines in this institution. These take up a lot of space and cost,
and when they get too hot, they also affect global warming. As a solution, more efficient and
environmentally friendly machines can be used. For example, supercomputers can be taken.

Also, the Staff of this institution This Research has also focused on. In this Research, we
found that it is not necessary for the entire Staff to come to the company every day. Only the
employees who need to come for that day can connect to the online system and do their daily
work. Otherwise, the number of employees who come every day increases. When they come
from their own vehicles, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by the vehicles increases.
Also, when there are more vehicles on the roads, noise pollution occurs, and air pollution
occurs due to the increase in smoke emitted from vehicles.

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And another way that was focused in this Research is the way the company gets electricity.
Environmental sustainability is not only about reducing damages. Effective use of
environmental resources is also related to environmental sustainability. The establishment
normally gets electricity from the power board. But in case of power outage, the
organizations have resorted to using generators. These are standard petrol- and diesel-
powered generators that emit more pollutants and greenhouse gases than other alternatives.
These can use solar panels as a solution. This can reduce the damage mentioned above as
well as achieve environmental sustainability by using natural resources effectively. The
background of the Research is as follows Based on facts.

1.3. Purpose - Minimizing the harmful effects of digitalization on the environment.

1.4. Conceptual Framework

A conceptual framework is a representation of the expected relationship between your
variables, or the characteristics or properties that you want to investigate. Conceptual
frameworks can be written or visual, and they are typically created based on a review of
existing studies on your topic. [ CITATION Bas22 \l 1033 ]

This is my conceptual framework.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Number of Staff

Number of Machines Environmental Sustainability

Source of power

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 Figure 1-Conceptual frame work

1.5. Objectives

Main objective- Using digital transformation as a strategy to achieve environmental

sustainability at Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala.

Other Objectives – How to achieve environmental sustainability through reducing staff,

machinery usage and using environmentally friendly sources.

1.6. Scope

A detailed outline of all aspects of a project, including all related activities, resources,
timelines, and deliverables, as well as the project's boundaries, is referred to as project scope.
A project scope also describes key stakeholders, processes, assumptions, and constraints, as
well as the project's purpose, what is included, and what is not. A scope statement contains all
of this important information.[ CITATION Moi20 \l 1033 ]

A project is a collection of tasks that must be completed to achieve a specific goal or

outcome. These tasks may be simple or complex, depending on the size and scope of the
project, but all projects can be broken down into objectives and what needs to be done to
achieve them.

Projects with a wide range of objectives are managed by organizations and individuals. These
can range from building a structure to planning an event to completing a specific duty.
[ CITATION Qui21 \l 1033 ]

The Project Lifecycle is the series of phases that a project goes through. It consists of
initiation, planning, execution, and closure. The number of phases and the sequence of the
cycle may differ depending on the company and the type of project undergone. However, as
part of a project, they must have a clear beginning and end point and are time-limited.
Regardless of the specific work involved, the lifecycle provides the fundamental foundation
for the actions that must be performed in the project.[ CITATION Ade20 \l 1033 ]

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 Figure 2-Project life cycle

1.7. Deliverables

Deliverables are simply the outcomes of project activities. The size and number of project
deliverables can vary depending on the project. During the project planning phase, the project
management team and stakeholders come to an agreement on them.

Another way to put it is that every project has inputs and outputs. That is, what goes into the
project, such as data and resources, and what comes out, which are the deliverables. Those
deliverables, once again, vary greatly. A project deliverable, for example, can be a product or
service, as well as the documentation that is part of the project closure. [ CITATION Mar20 \l
1033 ]

1.8. Constraints

Project constraints are the limits that a project must work within. The six main project
constraints are risk, time, cost, scope, and quality. Managers must strike a balance between
these constraints in order for projects to be completed successfully.[ CITATION Luc \l 1033 ]

1.9. Assumptions

A project assumption, according to the Project Management Institute, is any project factor
that is thought to be true, real, or certain without empirical proof or demonstration. In reality,

Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 23
 planning a project is impossible without making some assumptions. The key is to recognize
these assumptions and put safeguards in place so that if any of them are proven false, the
impact on project delivery is minimal.

It is critical to understand that every project assumption carries some level of risk. This is
why assumption analysis is such an important part of risk management planning, and why
every project manager should understand how to assess, document, and communicate
assumptions properly when planning a project.[ CITATION Kat22 \l 1033 ]

1.10. Work Breakdown Structure Chart

Using digital transformation as a strategy to achieve environmental sustainability at Dialog

Axiata PLC, Kurunegala

Initiation Planning Execution Control Closure

Identifying Topic Risk Analysis Status Update Change management Lessons Learned
process

Identifying Create Schedule Collect Data Perform tracking Project report

Variables and task plan

Define the project Make questionarie Analyze Data Quality Submit project
goals management

1.11. Schedule (Gantt Chart)

Figure 3-Gantt Chart (Author Developed)

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2. Chapter 02 - Literature Review

Introduction

Dialog Axiata PLC is the country's largest mobile network operator and the flagship
telecommunications service provider in Sri Lanka. Dialog, a subsidiary of Axiata Group Ber
had (formerly TM International), is one of the Colombo Stock Exchange's largest listed
companies in terms of market capitalization. Dialog is the first and only company in Sri
Lanka to have a market capitalization of $1 billion.

Dialog Axiata PLC offers a diverse range of multi-sensory connectivity services in addition
to its core business of mobile telephony. Dialog TV is a direct-to-home satellite television
service, and Dialog Global is an international telecommunications company with a diverse
portfolio of services. Dialog Broadband also provides fixed-line services and broadband
internet, and Dialog Tele-Infrastructure is the company's National telco infrastructure arm.
Dialog is a market leader in almost every business sector, with innovation, superior
technology solutions, and world-class customer service serving as growth catalysts.
[ CITATION Dia22 \l 1033 ]

The question of whether these mines are maintained in an environmentally sustainable

manner arises because, as was already mentioned, Dialog Axiata PLC operates many
businesses and services in Sri Lanka. Their description of the Dialog Axiata PLC website is
provided below.

” Since starting operations in 1994, Dialog has consistently focused on utilizing the latest
technology to make its products and services available, affordable and accessible. Dialog has
become a market leader by providing low-cost communication solutions and reducing the
barriers to entry faced by traditionally marginalized market segments. This practice is an
indication of our 'Philosophy of Inclusion' which is essential to the survival of the company.
It means that we strive to reach out to all segments of society regardless of demographic
disparity.”

2.1. Environmental sustainability

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It remains to be seen how effective the use of digital transformation as a strategy to achieve
environmental sustainability at Dialog Axiata PLC in Kurunegala. In this regard, it has been
thought to investigate under 3 factors. They are the number of Staff, the number of machines
and the way of obtaining electricity for the institution

And in terms of environmental sustainability, all transactions in this company are done using
paper. As a solution, they have introduced the My Dialog app. As the use of paper is reduced,
the damage caused by cutting down trees can be reduced and environmental sustainability
can be increased.

Figure 4- My Dialog App

2.2. Number of Staff

It is discussed how the number of staff working in the task force helps in environmental
sustainability. As far as Dialog Axiata PLC in Kurunegala is concerned, there are only 400
employees working here. All these employees coming to the company to work on a daily
basis affects the environmental sustainability in some way. If you look at how, the majority of
these workers come in their own private vehicles. Then the number of vehicles that join the

Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 26
highway increases. Then the amount of carbon dioxide that enters the atmosphere increases.
Then air pollution occurs. Also, when these vehicles increase, noise pollution also increases.

As an answer to this, by limiting the number of employees who come to the organization per
day, a group can participate through online technology. Then environmental sustainability can
be achieved by reducing the environmental damage mentioned above. And employees can
also reduce the use of paper by participating through online technology. These enable us to
achieve environmental sustainability using digital technology

Staff awareness sessions by way of presentations, notification emails requesting curtailment

of additional use of air conditioners and posters were utilized.[ CITATION Dia181 \l 1033 ]

Special training sessions were organized for janitorial staff on the optimum utilization of
electrical equipment towards being vigilant on energy saving options and improvements
related to monitoring energy saving initiatives.[ CITATION Dia18 \l 1033 ]

2.2. Number of Machines

With the digital transformation taking place in today's world, the use of mechanization is
increasing rapidly exists This is common in almost every field. These help a lot in running the
day-to-day work of the organization. They also increase efficiency and productivity.

Most of the machines in the Kurunegala Dialog Axiata PLC Institute are old and big. Due to
these, the space of the institute has decreased. Moreover, these emit harmful gases to the
atmosphere. This can also increase the global temperature.

As a solution to this, we can refer to the use of modern environment-friendly machinery.

Then we can achieve environmental sustainability by avoiding the above problems.

Machinery is something that is often broken down after use and thrown into the trash. The
most important thing is what to do after using them. Dialog is a company that uses a lot of
machinery. Therefore, implementing a recycling program for these will enhance
environmental sustainability.

Old phones that are thrown out often and not discarded properly end up in garbage dumps
leaking heavy metal toxins such as Cadmium, Lithium, Lead, Nickel and Zinc to the earth
have the possibility of contaminating ground water and the immediate natural surroundings.

Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 27
The MWaste campaign’s primary objective is to prevent the release of such pollutants and
provide a sustainable, environmentally-friendly disposal mechanism.[ CITATION Dia15 \l
1033 ]

2.3. Source of Power

Another point discussed here is how the company gets electricity. Environmental
sustainability is not just about reducing harm. Effective use of environmental resources is
also related to environmental sustainability. The establishment usually receives electricity
from the power board. But in case of power failure, those organizations have resorted to
using generators. These are standard gasoline and diesel-powered generators that emit more
pollutants and greenhouse gases than other options. Solar panels can be used as a solution to
these. This can reduce the aforementioned damage as well as achieve environmental
sustainability through effective use of natural resources

Dialog remains committed to conserving energy through the implementation of renewable

energy across its operations. August 2021 marked the launch of a landmark project in this
regard; namely the first ‘full solar’ telecommunications tower site in Sri Lanka. The site was
deployed at Chavakachcheri, where grid electricity supply is often unreliable. Through a
partnership with Huawei, Dialog successfully developed this site to meet the total energy
demand via a solar and Lithium-ion battery storage solution, thereby completely removing
the requirement of a diesel generator at the site. Due to the shortage of grid supply in the
vicinity and with Chavakachcheri being positioned in the midst of a largely dry zone exposed
to considerable amounts of consistent sunlight year-round, the complete powering of the
tower through solar energy was the most effective means of divesting the fuel consumed
through a full-time diesel generator, while simultaneously negating any environmental
pollution. Dialog further engaged in a range of energy efficiency and conservation initiatives
along with existing and new solarization initiatives to realize savings of 4248.76 GJ during
the year.[ CITATION Dia213 \l 1033 ]

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3. Chapter 03 - Research Methodology

What are Variables?

Concepts are commonly referred to as variables in the context of a research study. A variable
is, as the name implies, something that changes.

In many research settings, two types of variables must be distinguished: independent

variables and dependent variables. Many research studies seek to uncover and comprehend
the underlying causes of phenomena or problems, with the ultimate goal of establishing a
causal relationship between them.[ CITATION iEd22 \l 1033 ]

In this Research, there are 3 independent variables and 1 dependent variable.

Dependent variable

1. Environmental sustainability -

Independent variables

1. Number of Staff - Here it was investigated how the increase and decrease in the
number of staff affected the environmental sustainability
2. Number of Machines - It looked at how the number of machines affected
environmental sustainability
3. Source of Power - How the institution obtained electricity and how it affected
environmental sustainability was investigated here.

Research Type

Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 29
Data collection methods are processes used in research. This information can be used to
analyze current methods or procedures and to find additional information on a subject.
Professionals study medicine, human behavior, and other scholarly topics using research
methods. Research methods are divided into two categories: qualitative research methods and
quantitative research methods.

Quantitative research methods entail the use of numbers to quantify data. Statistical analysis
can be used by researchers to find connections and meaning in data. Exploration of
information and non-numerical data is a component of qualitative research methods. These
research methods also look into how people connect meaning to their feelings and
experiences.[ CITATION Ind22 \l 1033 ]

This research is Quantitative research. In this Research, a questionnaire was made to the
employees working at Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala using Google Form and sent to them.
This enabled them to obtain the number of information such as their age, gender, and whether
they were married or not. It helped a lot to continue this Research.

3.1. Research Design

Dialog is a big company in Sri Lanka and it has a large branch spread all over the country.
There are more than 7000 employees in the entire Dialog company. For this reason, the
researcher chose Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala. It is a kind of convenience to carry out the
research. is in this research, a questionnaire was made under 3 variables and Data were
collected from the employees.

3.2. Research Approach

This study aims to achieve Environmental sustainability in Dialog Axiata PLC, using
digitalization as a strategy. Deductive approach was chosen as the research approach in this
study. Because the purpose of this study is to reduce the negative effects of digitization on the
environment.

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3.3. Sampling

Figure 5-Table for determining sample size of a known population

Almost all employees of Kurunegala Dialog Institute have been selected in this research.
Here, all the employees have been selected without any distinction between male and female,
Old and Young, married and unmarried. There are only 400 employees working here and the
sample size for that figure is 196. The sample size was determined at the 95% confidence
level using the published sample survey calculator table.

Figure 6- Sample size calculator

Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 31
3.4. Reliability

The repeatability of research results is referred to as research reliability. If your research

techniques yield consistent results, they are probably reliable and unaffected by outside
forces. [ CITATION Ind221 \l 1033 ]

3.5. Validity

The term "validity" describes how well a method measures what it is supposed to measure.
High validity research is that which produces findings that are consistent with actual traits,
traits, and variations in the physical or social world.[ CITATION Fio22 \l 1033 ]

3.6. Generalizability

The generalizability of a study refers to its ability to transfer its findings to a wider context.
When research findings can be applied to the majority of situations, subjects, and
circumstances, they are said to be generalizable.[ CITATION Kas22 \l 1033 ]

3.7. Methods of gathering and data collection

The researcher used both Primary and Secondary Data for the research. Primary Data is
collected through the structured questionnaire. Researcher has gathered Secondary Data from
company presentations, production plans, daily efficiency reports, Annual reports, machine
breakdown reports and quality reports etc.

3.7.1. Instruments and techniques to be used

3.7.1.1. Primary data

Structured questionnaires are used to collect primary data.

3.7.1.2. Questionnaire

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Questionnaire was the main technique used to collect primary data from employees of Dialog
Axiata PLC, Kurunegala to realize environmental sustainability using digital transformation
as a strategy. The questionnaire consists mainly of three independent variables. They are
number of Staff, number of machines and power source. The questionnaire was mainly
prepared according to 5 Point Likert scale method. The research measured the dependent
variable and independent variable in the questionnaire by using five-point Likert scale
method.

3.8. Method of Data Analysis

The collected data presented and analyzed according to the Number of Staff, Number of
Machines, source of power. The data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social
Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The key analyzing factors of this research are validity and
reliability testing, descriptive analysis and correlation analysis.

3.9. Ethical Consideration

IT researchers often focus on the goals and outcomes of their work, but it's also important to
be ethical about how we go about collecting our data. Underlying this is the idea that our
research must be fully compliant with the law, while minimizing the risk of harm to those
who take part in it. In addition, the information we may collect must be used under the Data
Protection Act.[ CITATION Pri21 \l 1033 ]

Here, data collection from employees of Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala is done through a
questionnaire. Research must be conducted in an ethical manner to minimize harm to study
participants. Research findings are written in an ethical and responsible manner and establish
factors in conducting research for the benefit of the researcher and participants.

Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 33
3.10. Role of the Researcher

Researchers must communicate their findings, collaborate with others when appropriate, and
transfer and exploit knowledge for the benefit of their employer, the economy, and society as
a whole. Researchers have a responsibility to conduct their research in an honest and ethical
manner.[ CITATION Vit22 \l 1033 ]

The author's role as a researcher is to conduct data collection through questionnaires and
literature reviews. Then the data should be analyzed using proper techniques to arrive at the
conclusion. The findings of this study will allow the aims and objectives of the study to
identify the factors influencing the enhancement of environmental sustainability in the
Kurunegala Dialog Institute.

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4. Chapter 04- Data Analysis and Presentation

The collected data is applied to the mentioned statistical techniques, and the results obtained
are justified in this chapter. The data collected through the questionnaire is analyzed and
discussed in detail.

Introduction

Although this chapter is straightforward in terms of testing collected data and comparing it to
theories, the actual process of doing so is complicated. Employee commitment and loyalty
are complex issues that must be examined and tested against existing theories. Furthermore,
testing these issues in real-world scenarios is far more difficult.

Data collection began with the distribution of questionnaires via e-mail to all employees at
Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala. Because the area discussed was very sensitive to the
organization and the employee, giving the questionnaire to each participant and collecting
them individually had an impact on the minds of the participants.

When the data collection was finished, it was fed into a Microsoft Excel sheet designed to
produce the aggregate results of the collected data for easy statistical analysis. After the
preliminary process was completed, the data was ready to be analyzed using Microsoft Excel
and SPSS software tools.

4.1. Demographical data analysis

The questionnaire consisted of four questions that revealed personal information of the
participants. Data were collected on employees' gender, age, marital status, and whether
employees read the above survey description and knew or did not know what this research
was about.

4.2.1. Gender Distribution

According to the chosen research site, the available information indicates that both men and
women play an important role in the Dialogue Axiata PLC, Kurunegala. (Refer figure)

Chamuditha Dilrukshan|MSCP|06 35
 gENDER

female; 47.30%
male; 52.70%

Figure 7- Distribution by gender in Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala

According to the findings, the prevalence of male employees is higher than that of females
where it is recorded as 52.7% for males and 47.3% for females. From this we understand that
the female side is ahead along with the male side in dealing with technology.

4.2.2. Age Group

age
Above 60; 4.40%

51-60; 18.50%
18-30; 31.70%

41-50; 27.80%
31-40; 17.60%

Figure 8- Distribution by age Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala

Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala a private sector firm, has a relatively young workforce, with
the majority of employees in the 18-40 age group, with only 4% of employees in the over-60
category (Refer figure).

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Hence, the majority of the respondents are in the age group of 18 to 30 years which
represents 32% of the total participants and the age group of 31 to 40 years is 18%. Hence,
the youth workforce of this institution is 50% of the total population which can be positive
considering the energetic output of the individuals.

4.2.3. Civil Status

Civil Status

married;
45.50%
unmarried;
54.50%

Figure 9- Distribution by Civil Status

The composition of the sample by level of marital status is shown. 45% of the respondents
are married. 55% of respondents represent unmarried employees. (Refer Figure)

4.2.4. whether employees read the above survey description and knew or did not know what
this research was about.

No; 15.27%

Yes
No

Yes; 84.73%

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 Figure 10- The prevalence of employees who did not know what this research was about after reading the
survey description above.

After reading the survey description above, this shows the spread of the employees who did
not know or did not know what this research was about. 85% of all employees answered the
questionnaire knowing well what this research was about, while 15% answered without much
understanding about this research. This is normal. Because such

It is quite difficult to get 100% understanding as the level of knowledge and status of
everyone working in an organization is not the same.

Inference Analysis

Statistical inference is the process of using data analysis to infer properties of a probability
distribution. Inferential statistical analysis deduces population properties, for example, by
testing hypotheses and generating estimates. The observed data set is assumed to be a sample
from a larger population.[ CITATION BYJ22 \l 1033 ]

4.2. Variable Analysis

Description of Variables
Variable Name Description
Independent Variables Number of staff
It discusses how the number
of employees on the staff
contributes to environmental
sustainability.

Number of Machines
It discusses how the number
of machines in the company
contributes to environmental
sustainability.

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 Source of Power
It discusses how the way the
company gets electricity
leads to environmental
sustainability.

Dependent Variables Environmental Sustainability

Achieving environmental
sustainability using digital
transformation as a strategy
is discussed here

Table 1 - (Author Developed)

Descriptive Statistics

Figure 11-Descriptive Statistics (Author Developed)

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Skewness Kurtosis

Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Std. Error Statistic Std. Error

197 1.00 5.00 3.2030 .91996 -.097 .173 -.398 .345

Number of staff

197 1 5 3.48 .929 -.126 .173 -.518 .345

Source of power

Number of 197 1.00 5.00 3.3249 1.01320 .025 .173 -.822 .345
machines

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Environmental 197 1.00 5.00 3.6548 .96502 -.292 .173 -.702 .345
Sustainability
197
Valid N (listwise)

Table 2 - Descriptive statistics (Author developed)

Descriptive statistic explains about the data set by giving a summary about the specific
features of each variable with the sample size.

The table 01 depicts the details of all independent variables and the dependent variable.

As per the Table 02 the Mean represents the average response given by subjects in the sample
population. The mean is 3.2 When considering the Number of staff in the institution. That is,
they have given neutral answers to the questions number of staff in the institution.
Considering the power source of the institution, the mean is 3.4 and considering the number
of machines available in the institution, the mean is 3.3. It shows moderate nature in giving
Answers.

The table 02 shows the skewness for the variables of Number of staff, Number of Machines
and Source of power system is symmetric distribution with the range of -1.0 to 1.0. The
variable of Number of machines shows a positive symmetric skewedness.

In terms of kurtosis, all variables show a negative distribution. Dependent variables also
show a negative value.

Reliability Testing of the Data Set

Cronbach's alpha is the most commonly used internal consistency metric ("reliability"). It is
most commonly used when multiple Likert questions form a scale in a questionnaire.
[ CITATION Lae \l 1033 ]

Reliability of a measure is established by testing for both consistency and stability. In general
reliabilities less than 0.60 are considered to be poor, those in the 0.70 range, acceptable and
those over 0.80 good. The Cronbach’s Alpha value is 0. 771.Therefore this is acceptable data
sample[ CITATION USe09 \l 1033 ]

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 Figure 12- Reliability Statistics

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's N of Items
Alpha

.771 4

Table 3- Reliability Statistics

Nature of Dependent Variable

The graph 01 depicts the normality distribution statistic calculated by SPSS for the dependent
variable of Environmental Sustainability in this study.

The Histogram with a mean value of 3.65 shows an approximately bell-shaped curve,
implying that the dependent variable in this study is approximately normally distributed.

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 Graph 01 - normality distribution statistic calculated by SPSS for the dependent variable of Environmental Sustainability

Furthermore, the following Figure indicates the descriptive statistics only for the dependent
variable of Environmental Sustainability. The Skewness value and Kurtosis values are in
between -.292 to 0.173 and -.702 to 0.345 respectively. Since these values are in between -1
to 1, the dependent variable is approximately normal distributed.

Descriptives
Statisti Std.
c Error
Environmental Mean 3.65 .069
Sustainability 95% Confidence Lower 3.52
Interval for Mean Bound
Upper 3.79
Bound
5% Trimmed Mean 3.68
Median 4.00

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 Variance .931
Std. Deviation .965
Minimum 1
Maximum 5
Range 4
Interquartile Range 1
Skewness -.292 .173
Kurtosis -.702 .345

Table 4- Descriptive Statistics for Environmental Sustainability (Author Developed)

The graph 02 shows that Normal Q-Q Plot for the same data of dependent variable of
Environmental Sustainability. This graph concludes that the data appears to be normally
distributes as it follows the diagonal line closely and does not appear to have a nonlinear
pattern.

Graph 02 – Normal Q-Q Plot For the dependent variable of Environmental sustainability

4.3. Correlation Analysis

Correlation measures can be used to assess the relationship between variables. Based on this
analysis, we can determine whether there is a possible relationship between the dependent
variable and the independent variables. According to the table, there is a 0.000 value (p-
value) between the dependent and independent variables. Because it is less than 0.01
(Standard alpha value). It states that there is a strong positive relationship between the

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dependent variable of environmental sustainability and the independent variables of number
of employees, number of machines, and source of power. Changes have a significant impact
on the dependent variable.

Correlations
Environmen Number of Source of Number of
tal Staff Power Machines
Sustainabilit
y
Environmental Pearson 1 .464** .464** .496**
Sustainability Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000
N 197 197 197 197
** **
Number of Staff Pearson .464 1 .405 .432**
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000
N 197 197 197 197
Source of Power Pearson .464** .405** 1 .480**
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000
N 197 197 197 197
** ** **
Number of Machines Pearson .496 .432 .480 1
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000
N 197 197 197 197
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Table 5 - Correlation Analysis (Author Developed)

Regression Analysis.

Researchers can use regression analysis to determine the relationship between dependent and
independent variables, as well as the extent of the variables. This study focuses on the linear
regression method in SPSS.

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According to the Table of model summary, the R-square value is 0.361 and it implies that the
regression model for this study explains approximately36.1% of variability of response data
around its mean. That means, a variation in the independent variable could variate the
dependent variable by approximately 36%.

Model Summary
Model R R Square Adjusted R Std. Error of
Square the Estimate
1 .600a .361 .351 .778

a. Predictors: (Constant), Source of Power, Number of Staff, Number of Machines

The appropriate significance of 0.00 value in the ANOVA table implies that the model
suitably fits this study. That means, the result from this study is statistically accurate

ANOVAa
Model Sum of df Mean F Sig.
Squares Square
1 Regressio 65.814 3 21.938 36.277 .000b
n
Residual 116.714 193 .605
Total 182.528 196

a. Dependent Variable: Environmental Sustainability

b. Predictors: (Constant), Source of Power, Number of Staff, Number of
Machines

Coefficientsa
Model Unstandardized Standardize t Sig.

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 Coefficients d
Coefficients
B Std. Error Beta
1 (Constant) 1.105 .254 4.356 .000
Number of .265 .065 .278 4.046 .000
Machines
Number of Staff .264 .069 .252 3.817 .000
Source of Power .237 .070 .228 3.369 .001

a. Dependent Variable: Environmental Sustainability

Table 6(Author Developed)

The p-values in Table 6 indicate that all independent variables are highly significant. The p
values are 0.000,0.000,0.001 for the independent significant values for the Number of
Machines, Number of Staff and Source of Power respectively.

The t values are varying between 3.369 to 4.356. According to the table, signified
independent variables of Number of Machines, Number of Staff & Source of power highly
affected the Environmental sustainability. Thus, this table concludes the Number of
Machines, Number of Staff & Source of power are affected to the Environmental
sustainability by approximately 26.5%, 26.4% and 23.7% respectively.

5. Chapter 05- Conclusion Recommendations and Findings

5.1. Critical Evaluation

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5.2. Personal Reflection

Writing research is as important as doing research. By doing this research, the writer will get
good knowledge and experience about environmental sustainability and digital technology.
Also, the writer will be able to improve his writing and reading skills.
The advantages of this research are that the company can overcome its shortcomings. Also,
the company will get economic benefits by using solar panels to obtain electricity. Also, by
abandoning the use of old machines and using new environmentally friendly machines. The
efficiency of the day-to-day work of the institution also increases
Future research might examine various stakeholders, their function in the interaction between
digitization and sustainability, and their influence on the formulation of political strategies
and the processes of decision-making. In addition, to answer questions such as how can
digital transformation players take full advantage of sustainability opportunities? Also, we
propose to identify how green jobs can be linked with a digital transformation that leads to
sustainability in developing countries.
What the project was supposed to accomplish was to reduce the negative impacts of
digitization on the environment by using digital transformation as a strategy to achieve
environmental sustainability at Kurunegala Dialog Axiata PLC.

At the beginning of the project, we sent a questionnaire to the employees of the Dialog Axiata
PLC, Kurunegala Institute through Google Form. Many of the employees had responded to it.
This helped a lot in the future work of the project.
At Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala Institute, which is currently a highly efficient and
technologically advanced institution, this study helped to increase environmental
sustainability by using digital technology as a strategy, paying attention to a few small points.
Through this research, Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala Institute was able to enhance
environmental sustainability after in-depth testing of new eco-friendly technology.
Perspectives were identified at each layer of the process of enhancing environmental
sustainability. The quantitative study database evaluated helped guide further systematic
planning. Dialog Axiata PLC, Kurunegala Institute identified the appropriateness of
environmentally friendly technology to increase environmental sustainability. Through the
findings of this research, it was clear that new environmentally friendly technology will
definitely increase environmental sustainability. A better understanding of the project
management process of implementing technical tools to increase environmental
sustainability. Given by the research project. The author believes that using technology to
enhance environmental sustainability is an important topic to explore regardless of the
decisions made by the company's management.

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