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BTS Make-Nokia, Ericsson, ZTE, Alcatel Etc. 2206,2964 MCC, IMSI (International Subscriber Identity Moduel) SIM (Subscriber Identity Module)

This document discusses the different types of logical channels used in GSM networks. It describes traffic channels (TCH) which carry speech and data and can be full-rate or half-rate. It also outlines the three types of signaling channels: broadcast channels, common control channels, and dedicated control channels. Broadcast channels carry downlink synchronization and system information. Common control channels provide access to the network and include paging, access grant, and random access channels. Dedicated control channels are used for signaling during calls and include stand-alone, slow associated, and fast associated control channels.

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13 views4 pages

BTS Make-Nokia, Ericsson, ZTE, Alcatel Etc. 2206,2964 MCC, IMSI (International Subscriber Identity Moduel) SIM (Subscriber Identity Module)

This document discusses the different types of logical channels used in GSM networks. It describes traffic channels (TCH) which carry speech and data and can be full-rate or half-rate. It also outlines the three types of signaling channels: broadcast channels, common control channels, and dedicated control channels. Broadcast channels carry downlink synchronization and system information. Common control channels provide access to the network and include paging, access grant, and random access channels. Dedicated control channels are used for signaling during calls and include stand-alone, slow associated, and fast associated control channels.

Uploaded by

Anuj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BTS

Make- Nokia,Ericsson,ZTE,Alcatel etc.

2206,2964

MCC,

IMSI(International Subscriber Identity Moduel)

SIM( Subscriber Identity Module)


GSM Logical Channels

Traffic Channels (TCH)

A traffic channel (TCH) is used to carry speech and data traffic. Traffic channels are defined
using a 26-frame multi frame, or group of 26 TDMA frames. The length of a 26-frame multi
frame is 120ms. Out of the 26 frames, 24 are used for traffic, 1 is used for the slow associated
control channel (SACCH) and 1 is currently unused.

Full Rate & Half Rate TCH


They can be defined as full-rate TCHs (TCH/F, 22.8 kbps) and half-rate TCHs (TCH/H, 11.4
kbps). Half-rate TCHs double the capacity of a system effectively by making it possible
to transmit two calls in a single channel. If a TCH/F is used for data communications, the
usable data rate drops to 9.6 kbps (in TCH/H: max. 4.8 kbps) due to the enhanced security
algorithms. Eighth-rate TCHs are also specified, and are used for signaling. In the GSM
Recommendations, they are called stand-alone dedicated control channels (SDCCH)

Signaling channels

The signaling channels on the air interface are used for call establishment, paging, call
maintenance, synchronization, etc.

There are three type of signaling channels

1. Broadcast Channels
2. Common Control Channels
3. Dedicated Control Channel

Broadcast Channels (BCH)

Carry only downlink information and are responsible mainly for synchronization and frequency
correction. This is the only channel type enabling point-to-multipoint communications in which
short messages are simultaneously transmitted to several mobiles

BCH Characteristics

• Each cell has a designated BCH carrier

• All BCH timeslots transmit continuously on full power

• TS 0 contains logical control channels

• TS1-7 optionally carries traffic

• BCCH block occur once each 51-frame multiframe

• Each block comprises 4 frames carrying 1 message

The BCHs include the following channels;

1. Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH): General information, cell specific (local area code (LAC),
network operator, access parameters, list of neighboring cells, etc). The MS receives signals via the
BCCH from many BTSs within the same network and/or different networks.
2. Frequency Correction Channel (FCCH): Downlink only; correction of MS frequencies;
transmission of frequency standard to MS; it is also used for synchronization of an acquisition by
providing the boundaries between timeslots and the position of the first timeslot of a TDMA frame.
3. Synchronization Channel (SCH): Downlink only; frame synchronization (TDMA frame number)
and identification of base station. The valid reception of one SCH burst will provide the MS with all the
information needed to synchronize with a BTS

Common Control Channels (CCCH)

A group of uplink and downlink channels between the MS and the BTS. These channels are used
to convey information from the network to MSs and provide access to the network. The CCCHs
include the following channels;

1. Paging Channel (PCH): Downlink only; the MS is informed by the BTS for incoming
calls via the PCH

2. Access Grant Channel (AGCH): Downlink only, BTS allocates a TCH or SDCCH to


the MS, thus allowing the MS access to the network.

3. Random Access Channel (RACH): Uplink only, allows the MS to request an SDCCH


in response to a page or due to a call; the MS chooses a random time to send on this
channel. This creates a possibility of collisions with transmissions from other MSs

Dedicated Control Channels (DCCH)

Responsible for roaming, handovers, encryption, etc. The DCCHs include the following
channels;

1. Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel (SDCCH); Communications channel between MS and


the BTS; signaling during call setup before a traffic channel (TCH) is allocated
2. Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH); Transmits continuous measurement reports in
parallel to operation of a TCH or SDCCH
3. Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH); Similar to the SDCCH, but used in parallel to
operation of the TCH; if the data rate of the SACCH is insufficient, “borrowing mode” is used:
Additional bandwidth is borrowed from the TCH; this happens for messages associated with call
establishment authentication of the subscriber, handover decisions, etc.

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