IOT Based Home Security System

Jagdeesh Patil S
Information Science and Engineering Department Divine Sunny Thomas
Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Information Science and Engineering Department
Bangalore, India Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology
[email protected] Bangalore, India
[email protected]
Raghu Kul Sai KR
Information Science and Engineering Department Ganesh S Bullapur
Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Information Science and Engineering Department
Bangalore, India Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology
1nt18is120,[email protected] Bangalore, India
[email protected]

978-1-6654-9790-9/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE

 Abstract—IoT based home security system is designed and expanding daily? Ordinary/human input-based appliances are
developed on the principles of infrastructure of connected gradually giving way to IoT appliances that can be utilized in
physical devices. This system is created using a number of today’s homes. Currently, home security systems utilize a
sensors attached to a raspberry pi micro controller. It is a mechanism exclusive to one particular device. In the context
sophisticated yet inexpensive security system for homes. It is a of this work, a Node MCU (ESP8266) microcontroller and
simple and easy to install system which provides greater security relays are utilised to remotely control electrical switches.
features and convenience to users. The salient features of the
project is to demonstrate generation of notifications to users on [2] India is the fourth-largest user of energy, so it must
their mobile devices against events like detection of fire, gas work tirelessly to find alternate solutions to effectively
leakage, motion of objects and fall of old age people. It also has reduce energy use. Intelligent energy management systems
facility to open doors upon recognition of registered faces. must be implemented in order to use energy more effectively
Python is used to interface with Raspberry pi as it provides and to create a safe environment in both industry and other
required interface libraries. Interpretation of the detected signals aspects of our daily life due to inadequate energy
and conversion of the same to notify in a user-friendly way is infrastructure and widespread energy use. In addition to
also programmed in python. ensuring safety, smart home automation can properly
manage and monitor family energy. This research uses the
Keywords: IOT, Home Security, Raspberry Pi, Python.
Internet of Things to develop an intelligent home automation
I. INTRODUCTION strategy that will greatly reduce the difficulties with current
energy usage. To create a successful data exchange network,
Demotics, sometimes referred to as home automation IoT combines electronic devices and sophisticated software
systems, are crucial in this era of technology for providing applications. To do this, a relay channel that functions as a
comfort to individuals in their hectic daily routines. A switch to control home appliances is operated by an Wi-Fi
solution for automating the electrical/electronic equipment in module called the ESP8266.
a home is a home automation system. To monitor and
manage the household appliances, there are both software- [3] As communications technology has developed, home
based and hardware-based solutions available. These are automation systems have garnered a lot of attention. The IOT
some advantages of home automation or home security application known as a” smart home” (or” SH”) uses the web
systems: IoT Smart lights and thermostats conserve energy to monitor and manage “smart things” through a home
by lowering electricity costs by 10 to 25 percent. Smart water automation system. The shortcomings in current home
monitoring systems keep a watch on the water usage. When automation systems are mainly that they lack a IoT
a person leaves the house, several home automation security technology adoption, a difficult UI, and expensive costs.
solutions can lock smart locks, close garage doors, and turn Therefore, this study provides a hybrid home automation
off lights. Home appliances can remotely be controlled by system that is both affordable and user-friendly. With the use
the users. Home automation solutions can cut down on of an algorithm, a prototype named IoT@HoMe has been
energy use by turning off appliances when not in use. created to allow for automated home appliance automation
Currently, there is a rise in the use of electrical and electronic and remote monitoring of home conditions. A node
appliances, which greatly increases the consumption of microcontroller unit (NodeMCU) is used in this system as a
power. During 2019, India generated 1,347 TWh of Wi-Fi-based gateway to link various sensors and update the
electricity, placing it third globally. Power production from data on an Adafruit IO cloud server. If (IFTTT) This Then
non-renewable sources was gradually declining. As a result, That can be93 4 used on users’ devices to access the data
reliable use of electricity is necessary to reduce energy gathered from various sensors over the Internet, regardless of
waste. By utilizing IoT technology to connect the objects, the users’ location. The NodeMCU is connected to homes
this can be accomplished. Each device has an Internet with controlled appliances via a set of relays. The system is
Protocol (IP) address, so it can easily detect and connected to built to be portable and may be installed to a real house as a
a network. The focus of this study is on an IoT-based home control box for monitoring and controlling it. The suggested
security system idea. The suggested system offers features Internet of Things solution for home security can promote
like door locks, fire sensors, motion sensors, buzzers, water home safety with autonomous operation while allowing for
sprinkler, pi camera for authentication at the doorstep as well simple and effective Internet-based appliance control.
as a tilt sensor fall detection of elderly/blind people at home.
[4] The Internet of Things has been the primary focus of
Wi-Fi is used in this system to link Node-MCU and the
Blynk cloud server to the internet. Also, an Iot-specific recent advances in ICT. Services based on Iot are employed
Blynk app to display necessary data. in many applications and help to improve the home
environment. IoT applications based on home automation are
adaptable and well-liked. All household equipment can
function without a person’s intervention thanks to home
II. ITERATURE REVIEW automation, which networks them all together. Home
In this section, we go through some of the research automation transforms human lives significantly by enabling
papers we referred during our literature survey. They were smart home appliance operation. This inspired us to create a
extremely valuable for understanding the projects that were novel solution that uses several sensors including the
developed at an industry level implementation. Arduino UNO, the Node MCU ESP8266, various IR sensors,
[1] The purpose of reviewing this study is to create a the LDR module, LM35, which are used to control some
Home Security System through IoT utilizing a Wi-Fi based home appliances like the light, fan, door cartons, energy
microcontroller. We are making technological advancements consumption, and gas cylinder level. This suggested
in mobile, robotics, and machine learning, so why should our approach makes use of a sensor to determine whether a
house be an exception when the breadth of technology is human item is there or not while doing chores and adjusts as
necessary. Additionally, our solution gives the homeowner
regular messaging updates on how much energy they use.
Additionally, it checks the gas level in the cylinder; if it falls
below the predetermined level, it automatically books the gas
and notifies the home’s owner with a reference number. The
suggested remedy is implemented and put to the test under
various circumstances.
[5] A Smart Home Controller, which allows users to use
the appliances via an Android application through a
smartphone, are presented in this paper. The system uses
Internet of Things (IOT) and client-server architecture for
communication. Every device in this system is connected to
the internet using the IOT protocol, and control is carried out
by sending HTTP requests from an Android mobile
application. At the consumer end, the controller is built with
an Arduino microcontroller (also known as a Node MCU),
which connects to the internet via Wi-Fi. The server and
Android application are connected via the API (Application
Programming Interface), which enables communication and
data exchange. When a user sends a request from an Android
application, the API establishes a connection with the server
and transmits the request to the controller, who then turns on
or off the device in accordance with the request. This paper
discusses how to regulate home appliances using this Fig 1. Block Diagram
approach.
[6] The need for technology that can control over A. System Explanation
domestic and commercial applications using IOT has grown In this project, a home automation system was suggested,
significantly with the evolution of technology, more reliance which uses a mobile app to automatically regulate the lights,
on smartphones, and rising demands for simple and rapid fans, water faucets, and main door lock systems. By using
solutions to everyday tasks. In our paper,” Sensing and appropriate sensors, it is also possible to detect other
controlling the world around using Arduino and IOT,” we parameters such as motion, fire, temperature, and humidity.
discuss embedded technologies as well as IOT using Fig. 1 depicts the diagram of the suggested home Security
Arduino, which uses an embedded block and a script system. It consists of a power supply board connected to the
programming for Arduino and few sensors like flex sensors, Wi-Fi module using GPIO pins, as well as the sensors and
accelerometers, flame sensors, and WI-FI modules. In this
their corresponding actuators. Mobile Hotspot is used to
paper, we describe a technique for home automation and
connect Node MCU to the internet. To alert the user of a fire
security. Arduino will be interfaced with the sensors.
Through a wireless module, the state of our household in the house, Fire sensor () activates the alarm and sends
appliances will be uploaded to a cloud platform. The same alerts via the Blynk application. To find the moving object,
wireless network should connect our system and mobile a motion detection sensor is used. Additionally, we have
device. Our sensors will have the94 5 abilities to turn on or integrated an tilt sensor which measures the angle of the
off the user-controlled sensors. The flex sensor will use our attached object/person. It useful when old adults are home
fingers’ movements to operate the appliances. The magnetic alone and they face any mishaps
sensor will increase the security against door breaking. Users
can view all of these data on cloud platforms like 1. Node MCU
THINKSPEAK. This essay will provide an illustration of
how IOT applications might simplify our lives.
III. FRAMEWORK AND SYSTEM DESIGN
The Node MCU is the system’s brain and
microcontroller. It has direct connections with all of the
sensors and actuators.

2. Fire Sensor
 It is a sensor that detects flame light between
wavelengths 760 and 1100 nm with a detection angle of
roughly 600.When a fire is discovered, a home alarm will
ring and a user alert will be issued via the internet.

3. Motion Detection Sensor

For security applications, the PIR sensor HC-SR501 is

used. It operates within a 20-foot range on 5v DC electricity.
Anytime motion is detected, the WIFI module will notify
Fig 2. Project Model
the user.
C. security system
We import required libraries. We assign ports in
raspberry pi to respective sensors, pi camera and wifi
4. Pi Camera module. We connect raspberry pi to blynk app via a unique
authentication key. We assign virtual pins for sensors in
order receive updates in blynk app. We instruct sensors to
perform required functions. For example, ultrasonic sensor
A 5mp camera used to detect intruders or registered to give updates if an object is detected in front of it. We
house members. instruct security system to run continuously
D. face recognition
We import the required libraries such as cv2, face
recognition etc. We load the required picture that should be
5. Automated Door Lock/Unlock System
detected by the system and encode the pictures. Then create
arrays of known face encodings and their names. The
camera captures the image, whose size will be reduced in
order for faster processing. Convert image to RGB colour
To lock or unlock the door, a dual shaft DC motor is which face recognition uses from BGR colour which
employed. The door is unlocked when the pi camera detects OpenCV uses. The IoT device find all faces and face
the registered house member at the door. encodings in current frame of video. Verify whether faces
match for the known faces. We use KNN algorithm to verify
images. If it does display name of the image and motor will
turn on.
6. Tilt Sensor E. BLYNK app creation
Create an account and log in to the app after
downloading. The Blynk Arduino Library contributes to the
creation of the firmware that powers the ESP8266. Next
It is used to detect a particular orientation of an object, in Create New Project to start a fresh Blynk app. The Auth
our case, blind people in mishaps. Token is crucial and must insert it into the firmware of
ESP8266. Add Widgets to the Project such as button.
Modify widget settings according to the preference. On the
ESP8266, outputs can be toggled by buttons. Change the
baud rate to 9600 once the software has uploaded. Await the
message” Ready (ping: xms).” Then select” Run” from the
IV. IMPLEMENTATION Blynk app’s upper right corner. Add more widgets to the
project after that. Without uploading any new firmware,
B. system setup
they ought to start operating on the ESP8266 right away.
We have used raspberry pi 3b as our main controller You can include digital input monitors, analogue input
board. We connect sensors such as gas (MQ 2), PIR gauges, and analogue output sliders
(HW416 B), tilt (ADXL-335), ultrasonic (HC-SR04), fire
(LM 393) sensors, pi camera and node MCU to per- form
required set of functions.
Fig 3. Create New Project

V. RESULTS
In this project, we have successfully implemented a
home security system. The results of our project are as Fig 5. Notification Through Blynk App
follows:

1. If fire is detected, we receive a notification on the

Blynk app.
2. If gas leakage is detected, we receive a notification
on the Blynk app.
3. If motion is detected, we receive a notification on
the Blynk app.
4. If fall is detected from people, we receive a
notification on the Blynk app.
5. If an object is present within a close proximity to
the blind person, a notification will be sent and an
alarm will turn on.
6. If the registered members are the door i.e., in front
of the pi camera, the door gets opened
automatically.

Fig 6. Face recognition

VI. CONCLUSION

Python and the Blnyk Application were used to construct

an automated smart home security system based on Node-
MCU and Raspberry Pi. This can be used to operate
electrical devices like lights, fans, gas appliances,
thermostats, door locks, etc. Measurements taken by sensors
and actuators are taken directly from websites. The system is
affordable, transportable, trustworthy, and user-friendly. For
smart communities and smart buildings, this is more
beneficial. The suggested technique decreases heat
generation while simultaneously conserving resources.
Additionally, it guarantees the safety and security of
households.
Fig 4. Home Security System Output This system can be made more capable / purposeful by
the inclusion of camera which enhances control and
monitoring actions such as remote monitoring and guidance
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