1. What is computer ?

 Computer is an electronic device that takes input from the user

and gives the output after processing.

2. Full form of computer :

 C - Commonly
O - Operating
M - Machine
P - Particularly
U - Used for
T - Technical and
E - Educational
R - Research

3. Parts of Computer :
 CPU (Central Processing Unit)
 Monitor
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 UPS ( Uninterruptible Power Supply)

4. Father of computer – Charles Babbage

5. Inventor of mouse - Douglas Engelbart
6. Inventor of keyboard - Christopher Latham Sholes
7. Define CPU.
 CPU is the brain of computer where it processes and stores the
information , performs calculations and gives result to output
devices.
 Components of the CPU :
 ALU [Arithmetic Logic Unit] – Performs mathematical ,
logical and decision operations.
 CU [Control Unit] – the process of input, output , processing
and storage is performed under the supervision of CU.

8. Define OS(operating system).

 An operating system is a software that acts as an interface
between computer hardware components and the user. The
operating system helps to communicate with the computer
without knowing how to speak the computer’s language.
Examples of OS – Linux, Unix, Android, Windows etc.

9. What is booting ?
 The starting process of a computer is called booting.
 There are two types of booting :
 Cold Boot : To start the computer from shutdown or
power off mode.
 Warm Boot : To restart computer system when it is hanging
and not working properly.

10. Input Devices :

 Input devices accept data and instructions from the user. For
ex. –
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Light pen
 Touch screen
 Track ball

11. Output Devices :

 Output devices return processed data that is information, back
to the user. For ex. –
 Monitor
 Printer
 Plotter
 Speaker
12. Types of mouse :
i. Mechanical
ii. Optomechanical
iii. Optical
iv. Cordless or Wireless
13. Pointing Devices :
a. Mouse
b. Joystick
c. Touchscreen
d. Lightpen
e. Stylus
14. Total keys in a KEYBOARD = 104 to 112
15. Types of keys in a KEYBOARD :
i. Alphabet Keys = A- Z
ii. Numeric Keys = 0-9
iii. Special Keys = Caps lock, Space bar , Backspace,
Shift key, Enter, Symbol key, Tab key
iv. Function Keys = F1-F12
v. Navigation keys = Esc, Arrow keys, Home
key,Ctrl,Alt,Page up,Page down, Delete, Insert.
16. Basic shortcut keys:
i. ALT+F = File menu options in current programme
ii. ALT+E = Edit options in current programme
iii. F1 = Universal help (for all programme)
iv. Ctrl+A = Select all text
v. Ctrl+X = Cut selected item
vi. Shift+del = Cut selected item
vii. Ctrl+C = Copy selected text
viii. Ctrl+V = Paste
ix. Ctrl+Ins = Paste
x. Home = Go to begining of the current line
xi. Ctrl+Home = Go to beginning of document
 xii. End = Go to end of current line
xiii. Ctrl+End = Go to end of document
xiv. Shift+Home = Highlight from current position to beginning of line
xv. Shift+End = Highlight from current position to end of line
xvi. Ctrl+ <- = Move one word to the left at a time
xvii. Ctrl+ -> = Move one word to the right at a time
17. Full Forms:
i. RAM = Random Access Memory
ii. ROM = Read Only Memory
iii. HDD = Hard Disk Drive
iv. CD = Compact Disk
v. DVD = Digital Video Disk
vi. BIOS = Basic Input Output Sysytem
vii. LED = Light Emitting Diode
viii. LCD = Liquid Crystal Display
ix. USB = Universal Serial Bus
x. LAN = Local Area Network
xi. WAN = Wide Area Network
xii. GIF = Graphics Interchangeable Format
xiii. JPEG = Joint Photographic Experts Group
xiv. BMP = Bitmap
xv. PNG = Portable Network Graphics
xvi. PDF = Portable Document Format

 MS- PAINT :- Ms paint is a graphical program used to drawing the pictures.

The extension of Ms paint is “.png”.
How to open Ms Paint ?

Start Button

Windows
Accessories

Paint

Windows key+R =Run command

Ms Paint

18. GOOGLE = Google is the world’s most popular search engine. It began as a
search project in ‘1996’ by “Larry Page” and “Sergey Brin”, who were two
Ph.D. students at ‘Stanford University’.

 Full form of GOOGLE :

G - Global
O - Organization of
O - Oriented
G - Group
L - Language of
E - Earth
 Full form of URL :
U - Uniform
R - Resource
L - Locator
 Full form of HTTP :
H - Hyper
 T - Text
T - Transfer
P - Protocol

19. Notepad : Notepad is a text editor program or software.

The extension of Notepad is “.txt” .

 How to open Notepad ?

Windows Start Button

Windows Accessories

Notepad

20. Wordpad : Wordpad is a basic text editing program or software. Where we

can create a letter, notes and any type of official document.
The extension of Wordpad is “.rtf”.

 How to open Wordpad ?

Windows Start Button

Windows Accessories

Wordpad
21. MS- WORD : Microsoft word is a powerful word processor package capable of
generating anything from simple to fully formatted document like professional
documents , reports, letters and resumes.
The extension of Ms- word is “.docx” .
 How to open Ms- Word ?

Windows Start Button

Microsoft Office

Ms - Word

A. FILE TAB :
i. New [Ctrl+N] - It is used to open a new document.
ii. Open [Ctrl+O] - It is used to open an existing document.
iii. Save [Ctrl+S] - It is used to save a new file or document.
iv. Save as [F12] - It is used to save already saved document by
changing its name and location.
v. Print [Ctrl+P] - It is used to print an open document.
vi. Options - It is used to set various options related to word.
vii. Info - It displays information about opened document.
B. HOME TAB :
 Clipboard Group :
i. Cut[Ctrl+X]
ii. Copy[Ctrl+C]
iii. Paste[Ctrl+V]
 iv. Format Painter [Ctrl+shift+C(for copy); Ctrl+shift+V(for paste)] -
Used to copy formatting.
 Font Group :
i. Font Style[Ctrl+shift+F]
ii. Font size [Ctrl+shift+P]
iii. Increase font size[Ctrl + >]
iv. Decrease font size [Ctrl+ <]
v. Change case [Shift + F3] – Change all the selected text to uppercase,
lowercase , and capitalise each word.
vi. Clear Formatting – Used to clear formatting from the selection.
vii. Bold[Ctrl+B]
viii. Italic [Ctrl+I]
ix. Underline [Ctrl+U]
x. Strikethrough
xi. Subscript[Ctrl+ =]
xii. Superscript[Ctrl+ +]
xiii. Text Effect
xiv. Text highlight colour
xv. Font colour
 Paragraph Group :
i. Bullets – Used to create a simple list using bullets, arrows, symbols.
ii. Numbering – Used to create a list using numbers, alphabets,roman etc.
iii. Multilevel list
iv. Decrease Indent- Move the paragraph closer to the margin.
v. Increase Indent – Move the paragraph farther away from the margin.
vi. Sort - Used to arrange the current selection in alphabetical or numerical
order.
vii. Show/Hide - Used to show paragraph marks and other formatting
symbols.
viii. Align Left [Ctrl+L]
ix. Center[Ctrl+E]
 x. Align Right [Ctrl+R]
xi. Justify [Ctrl+J]
xii. Line Spacing – Change the space between lines of text.
xiii. Shading
xiv. Borders
 Styles Group : Used to create headings and sub headings.
 Editing Group :
i. Find [Ctrl+F] – Find a word in the document.
ii. Replace [Ctrl+H] – Replace a text in the document.
iii. Select [Ctrl+A]
C. INSERT TAB
 Pages
i. Cover page – Insert a fully formatted cover page for your document.
ii. Blank Page – Insert a blank page in your document.
iii. Page Break [ Ctrl + Enter ] – Start the next page at the current position.
 Tables :
i. Table - Draw a table into the document.
 Illustration Group :
i. Pictures – Insert a picture from file.
ii. Online pictures
iii. Shapes
iv. SmartArt : A SmartArt graphic is a visual representation of the
information and ideas.
v. Chart
vi. Screenshot
 Links :
i. Hyperlink (Ctrl+K) : Used to create a link to web page.
ii. Bookmark
iii. Cross Reference : Refer to an item such as figure & table by inserting
cross reference.
 Comments :
 i. Comment
 Header & Footer :
i. Header : It helps to repeat content at the top of every page.
ii. Footer : It helps to repeat content at the bottom of every page.
iii. Page number
 Text :
i. Text Box : It is used to bring focus to the content it contain.
Such as : Headings, quotes,important text etc.
ii. Quick parts : Used to insert preformatted text, auto text , document
properties and fields in the document.
iii. WordArt : Used to add some artistic flair to the document.
iv. Drop Cap : It is used to create a large capital letter at the beginning of
the paragraph .

v. Signature Line

vi. Date & Time

vii. Object

viii. Equation[Alt + =] : Used to add common mathematical equations.

such as area of circle,quadratic equation etc.

ix. Symbol : Used to add symbols that are not on keyboard.
D. Format
 Remove Background – Automatically remove unwanted portions of the
picture.
 Corrections – Improve the brightness , contrast or sharpness of the
picture.
 Color – Change the colour of the picture to improve quality or match
document content.
  Artistic Effects – Add artistic effects to the picture to make it look more
like a sketch or painting.
 Change Picture - Change to a different picture preserving the
formatting and size of the current picture.
 Reset Picture – Discard all of the formatting changes you made to the
picture.
 Picture Border – Specify the color , width and line style for the outline of
the selected picture.
 Picture Effects- Apply a visual effect to the picture.
 Position - Position the selected object on the page. Text is
automatically set to wrap around the object.
 Wrap Text – Change the way text wraps around the selected object.
 Bring Forward – Bring the selected object forward so that it is hidden by
fewer objects that are in front of it.
 Send Backward – Send the selected object backward that are in front of
it.
 Selection Pane – Show the selection pane to help select individual
objects and to change their order and visibility.
 Align – Align the edges of multiple selected objects.
 Group – Group objects together so that they can be treated like a single
object.
 Rotate – Rotate or flip the selected object.
 Crop – Crop thye picture to remove any unwanted parts.
 Shape height – Change the height of the shape or picture.
 Shape width – Change the width of the shape or picture.
E. DESIGN TAB :
 Document Formatting :
i. Themes : Change the overall design of the entire document , including
colors, fonts , and effects.
 Page Background :
 i. Watermark : It is used to insert lightly text and picture behind the
content on the page.
ii. Page Color : Choose a color for the background of the page.
iii. Page Boders : Add or change the border around the page.
F. PAGE LAYOUT :
 Page Setup:
i. Margins
ii. Orientation : Switch the pages between portrait & landscape layouts.
iii. Size : Choose paper size for the current section.
iv. Columns : It is used to split the text into one or more columns.
v. Breaks : Used to add a break at current location .
vi. Line Numbers : Add line number in the margin alongside of each line of
the document.
vii. Hyphenation : It allows word to break lines between the syllables of
word.
 Paragraph Group :
i. Indent
ii. Spacing
 Arrange Group :
i. Position : Used to change the position of the object on the page.
ii. Wrap Text : Used to wrap the text around the selected object.
iii. Bring Forward
iv. Send Backward
v. Selection Pane : Used to see the list of all objects.
vi. Align : Used to change the placement of the selected object on the
page.
vii. Group : Used to join objects together.
viii. Rotate
 How to make a calculator ?
Step 1 : Go to Developer tab.
2 : Click on visual basic.
 3 : Click on view tab in visual basic.
4 : Click on properties window .
5: Click on insert tab in visual basic.
6 : Then click on user form.
7 : Create three labels.
8 : Create three textbox.
9 : Create minimum two command buttons.
10: Click on label and change the labels caption.(For ex : A1,S1,RESULT)
11 : Click on textbox and change the name of textbox.(For ex : a1,s1,r)
12: Change the caption of command button1 (ex – add, sub, multiply,divide)
13: Double click on command button .
14: Enter the value of command(1). [ r.text=val(a1.text)+val(a2.text)]
15: Change the caption of command button 2 (End).
16: Enter the value of command(2). [ end]
17: Click on Run tab in visual basic.
18 : Click on (run , sub/user form )
19 : Enter the no. of value in (a1 and a2) and check result.
G. REFERENCES :
 Table of contents [Index] : Add a table of content to the document.
 Update Table : Update table of content when you add more chapters
after inserting a table of content.
 Footnotes
 Insert Footnote : Write meaning of difficult words in footer of the
document.
 Insert Endnote : Write meaning of difficult words in bottom of the
document.
 Show Notes : Scroll the document to show where the footnotes &
endnotes are located.
 Citation & Bibliography
 Insert citation : If you want to add Author name of the document so
click on insert citation and select “add new source”.
  Manage sources : View the list of all the source cited in the document.
 Style : Choose the style of citation to use in the document.
 Bibliography : Add a bibliography , which list all the sources cited in the
document.
 Captions
 Insert caption : Add a caption to a picture or other image.
 Insert table of figures : A table of figures includes a list of all the figures
in the document.
 Cross reference : Refer to item such as headings, figures, and tables
by inserting a cross reference.
 Index
 Mark Entry (Alt +Shift +X) : Add the selected text to the index.
 Insert index : Add an index listing key words and the page numbers.

 Table of Authorities
 Mark Citation (Alt + Shift +I) : Add the selected text to the Table of
Authorities.
 Insert Table of Authorities : Add a list of the cases, status and other
authorities that are cited in the document.
H. MAILINGS
 Create
 Envelopes : Create and print envelops.
 Labels : Create and print labels.
 Start Mail Merge : Start mail merge to create a form letter which you intend to
print or mail multiple times, sending each copy to a different recipient. You can
insert fields , such as Name or Address , which word will replace automatically
with information from a database or contact list for copy of the form letter.

How to use Start Mail Merge

 i. Write down your letter. Leave the “Name” , “Address” and “Mobile No.” in
the letter blank.
ii. Click on Start Mail Merge and select Step by Step mail merge wizard.
iii. Click on starting document.
iv. Click on Select Recipients.
v. Click on type a new list .
vi. Click on write your letter.
vii. Then New address list dialog box appear on your screen. Click on
Customize columns.
viii. Delete all field names & click on Add button to add some columns.
Like: Name, address , phone no. then click ok.
ix. Fill all the details in New address list & click ok.
x. Save your New address list.
xi. Check your Address list and click on ok.
xii. Place the cursor in the name space & click on Insert Merge Field and
insert name , address , phone no. field.
xiii. Then click on Auto Check for Errors. All letters are created with
different names and address.
I. REVIEW
 Proofing
 Spelling & Grammar [F7] : Check the spelling and grammar of text in
the document.
 Define [Ctrl + F7] : Find out the meaning of a word.
 Thesaurus [Shift + F7] : Suggests other word with a similar meaning to
the word you have selected.
 Word Count : Find out the no. of words , character, paragraphs and line
in the document.
 Comments
 New Comment : Add a comment about the selection.
 Delete : Delete the selected comment.
 Previous : Navigate to the previous comment in the document.
  Next : Navigate to the next comment in the document.
 Tracking
 Track Changes [Ctrl + Shift + E] : Track all the changes made to the
document, including insertions, deletions and formatting changes.
 Display for Review : Choose how to view the proposed changes to the
document.
 Show Markup : Choose what kind of markup to show in the document.
 Reviewing Pane : Show all the changes to your document in a list.
 Changes
 Accept : Used to accept all the changes in the document.
 Reject : Used to reject all the changes in the document.
 Compare : Compare two documents to see the differences between them.
 Protect
 Restrict Editing : Restrict how people edit or format specific parts of the
document.
J. VIEW
 Views
 Read Mode
 Print Layout : View the document as it will appear on the printed page.
 Web Layout : View the document as it would looks on a web page.
 Outline : View the document as an outline and show the outlining tools.
 Draft : View the document as a draft to quickly edit the text.
 Show
 Ruler : View the ruler, used to measure and line up objects in the
document.
 Gridlines : Turn on gridlines to which you can align object in the
document.
 Navigation Pane : It allows to navigate through the document by
heading , by page or by searching for text and object.
 Zoom : To show the zoom dialog box to specify the zoom level of the
document.
  One Page : Zoom the document so that an entire page fits in the
window.
 Multiple Pages : Zoom the document to see multiple pages in the
window.
 Page Width : Zoom the document so that the width of the page matches
the width of the window.
 Window
 New Window : Open a New window containing a view of the current
document.
 Arrange All : Tile all open program windows side- by – side on the
screen.
 Split : Split the current window into two parts so that you can view
different selection of the document at the same time.
 Switch Windows : Switch to a different currently open window.
 Macros : Record text with macros.
[Shortcut key = Alt + F8]
23. MS- EXCEL : Excel is a window based spreadsheet. It is used to record and
calculate data and present it in an attractive manner.
The extension of MS-Excel is “.xlsx” .
 Some of the most common usage of MS-Excel is for :
i. Analyzing Data
ii. Calculating data
iii. Creating graphs and charts
iv. Storing huge data for quick reference.
 Workbook : A workbook is a collection of one or more spreadsheets.
 Worksheet : A single page on which we work in excel is called a spreadsheet
or worksheet.
 Spreadsheet is an intersection of horizontal and vertical lines , which forms
rows and columns.
 How to open MS-Excel ?

Windows Start Button

MS Office

MS-Excel

 Total no. of rows – 10,48,576

 Total no. of columns – 16,384
 The last column name in Ms-Excel - XFD
 The last cell address in Ms-Excel- XFD1048576
 Cell : Cell is the intersection of row and column. It is referred by the
column name and row number.
 Formula Bar : It provides a space for typing or editing cell data and
formula.
 Name Box : Display the address or name of the active cell.
 Status Bar : It displays valuable information like current mode or
option, keyboard status and the result of auto calculate functions.
 Some basic formulas in Excel :

A B C D E
1 Roll no. Name Hindi English Total
2 1 Ankit 23 85 =Sum(C2:D2)
3 2 Harsh 65 63 =C3+D3
4
5 SUBTRACTION 50 20 =C5-D5
6
7 MULTIPLICATION 2 6 =C7*D7
8
9 DIVISION 10 2 =C9/D9
10

 Shortcut key of Auto Sum [= Alt + =]

 IF function is used for applying condition.
Syntax :- =if(condition,”true”,”false”)
=IF(2>3,”TRUE”,”FALSE”)
 LOOKUP : The LOOKUP function allows a user to search for a piece of data in a
row or column and return a corresponding piece of data in another row or
column.
 VLOOKUP : [Vertical lookup] The VLOOKUP function is used to find values
vertically across a set of rows in a table. It looks for a value vertically across the
 lookup table. It returns an exact value based on the column number given in
Excel.
 HLOOKUP : [Horizontal lookup] The HLOOKUP function is used to find values
horizontally across a set of rows in a table. It looks for a value horizontally across
the lookup table. It returns an exact value based on the row number given in
Excel.
A B C D E F G H
1 Rol Nam Hind Englis Math Scienc
l e i h s e LOOKUP
No.
2 1 Ravi 98 56 78 52 Roll 3
No.
3 2 Aadi 67 99 86 64 Name =lookup(I2,A1:B7)
4 3 Sid 36 58 63 36 Hindi =lookup(I2,A1:C7)
5 4 Amit 65 95 35 63 English =lookup(I2,A1:D7)
6 5 Sahil 75 84 62 85 Maths =lookup(I2,A1:E7)
7 6 Dev 56 95 76 54 Scienc =lookup(I2,A1:F7)
e
8 VLOOKUP
9 Roll 4
No.
1 Name =vlookup(I9,A1:F1
0 ,2)
1 Hindi =vlookup(I9,A1:F11,
1
1 English =vlookup(
2
1 Maths =vlookup(
3
1 Scienc =vlookup(
4 e
1
HLOOKUP
5
1 Roll 7
6 No.
1 Name =hlookup(
7
1 Hindi =hlookup(
8
1 English =hlookup(
9
2 Maths =hlookup(
0
2 Scienc =hlookup(
1 e

Output / Result