Saint Michael College, Cantilan, Incorporated

Cantilan, Surigao del Sur

College Department

LEARNING MODULE
in Math 1- Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades

I. MODULE 6: STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY FOR PRIMARY LEARNERS

II. INTRODUCTION
Statistics is a language which, through its own special symbols and grammar, takes
the numerical facts of life and translates them meaningfully (Leedy, 1993). It deals with
the scientific collection, organization, presentation, analysis and interpretation of
numerical data in order to obtain useful and meaningful information.
III. TOPICS:
1. Data Collection and Representation in Tables
2. Pictographs
3. Bar Graphs
4. Simple Probability

IV. TIME FRAME: 12 hours

V. OBJECTIVES:

Topic 1: Data Collection and Representation in Tables

1.1 Collect and organize data in a tables
1.2 Read and interpret a table
1.3 Solve word problems involving time measurement

Topic 2: Pictographs
2.1 Interpret pictographs
2.2 Construct pictographs

Topic 3: Bar Graphs

3.1 Interpret bar graphs
3.2 Construct bar graphs

Topic 4: Simple Probability

4.1 Tell whether an event is “sure to happen, “ likely to happen”, “equally likely to
happen”, “unlikely to happen”, and “impossible to happen”
4.2 Describe events in real-life situations using the phrases “ sure to happen”, “
likely to happen”, “equally likely to happen”, “unlikely to happen”, and
“impossible to happen”

VI. SUMMARY OF THE TOPIC

Topic 1: Data Collection and Representation in Tables

Data collection is the process of obtaining information. Data may be qualitative or quantitative.
Quantitative data are numerical information obtained from counting or measuring that can be
manipulated by any fundamental operation (age, IQ scores, height, income).
While qualitative data are descriptive attributes that cannot be subjected to mathematical operations
( gender, religion, educational attainment).

These data are organized and presented in different manner. Presentation of the data may be done
in the form of tables, graphs or charts so that logical and statistical conclusions can be drawn from the
collected measurements.

A table is made up of rows and columns and is used to present data in clearer, more organized and
more attractive way. It has a title, column headers and data. The column header is called to the title of
each column. Data is information, especially facts or numbers, collected to be examined and
considered.

The top five smallest cities in the Philippines in terms of land area are: San Juan City – 5.94 sq.
km, Mandaluyong City – 9.29 sq. km, Navotas City – 10.77 sq. km, Cavite City – 10.89 sq.km, and
Pasay City – 13.97 sq. km. This list of cities with their corresponding land areas can be called data. This
data can be presented and organized in a table.

Top 5 Smallest Cities in the Philippines

Name of City Land Area (sq. km) Rank

San Juan City 5.94 1
Mandaluyong City 9.29 2
Navotas City 10.77 3
Cavite City 10.89 4
Pasay City 13.97 5

Title: Top 5 Smallest Cities in the Philippines

Column headers : Name of City, Land Area (sq. km), and Rank

Topic 2: Pictographs

A pictograph is a kind of graph used to present data or information using pictures that represent
numbers. The pictograph has four parts – title, legend, pictures, and labels. The title tells what the graph
is all about. It is written at the center above the graph. The legend shoes how much each picture
represents and is found below the graph. The pictures correspond to the actual value being represented
while the labels tell the objects being presented or compared.

Steps in Constructing Pictographs

1. Write the title at the top center.

2. Draw a table with two columns. The number of columns may vary dependin on the data to be
included.
3. Write the labels at the first column.
4. Write the legend below the table.
5. Draw the pictures that correspond to the value of the objects or labels, as shown in the legend.

Topic 3: Bar Graphs

A bar graph uses bars to compare two or more numbers. Bar graphs can either be vertical
or horizontal. It has a title, horizontal or vertical bars, and labels. In the vertical graph, the labels at
 the left side of the graph are the numerical values or descriptions of the things being compared.
The labels below the graph are the things being compared or presented and are being represented
by the bars. On the other hand, in a horizontal bar graph, the labels at the left side of the graph are
the things being compared or presented while the labels below the graph are the numerical values
or descriptions of the things being compared.

Step in Constructing a Bar Graph

1. Write the title at the top center.
2. Make the graph.
3. Write the labels.
4. Draw the bars, the number of which corresponds to the number of things being compared. The
height or length of the bar must also correspond to the value of the things they represent.

Topic 4: Simple Probability

Probability is the mathematical term for the likelihood that something will occur, such as
winning the jackpot prize in Lotto, drawing an ace from a deck of cards or picking a green piece of
candy from a bag of assorted colors. In our daily life, there are a number of different types of activities
you engage in that involve probability and chance whether you realize it or not. Probability is measured
on a scale of 0 to 1 ( 0< P <1 ), with 0 as impossible and 1 as certain to happen.

Example 1: On a very sunny morning in April, what is the chance that it will rain in the next hour?
Answer:
Impossible. Three factors support our answer. 1) It is a very sunny morning; 2) It is in the dry
month of April, and 3) The time being asked that it will rain is within an hour from the time the
observation is done.

Example 2: When a die marked 1 to 6 is rolled, what is the chance that it will land with a counting
number on top?
Answer:
The numbers on the die, which are 1 to 6, are all counting numbers. Therefore, there’s a 100%
chance that it will land with a counting number on top.

Example 3: There are 12 marbles in a bottle. Six of the marbles are red while the rest are blue. What is
the chance of picking a red marble?
Answer:
There is the same number of red and blue marbles in the bottle, so there is an even chance of
picking a red marble.
 Name: ___________________________________
Math 1: Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades
Module 6
(Mrs.) Frances Dee Israel-Grumo, MAMT

VII. LEARNING ACTIVITY NO.1

A. Study the table and answer the questions below.

Top Five Largest Countries in the World

Rank Country Area ( sq. km.)

1 Russia 17, 098, 242
2 Canada 9, 984, 670
3 United States 9, 826, 675
4 China 9, 596, 960
5 Brazil 8, 514, 877

1. What is the title of the table? ________________________

2. What are the column headers in the table? ________________________
3. What country has the largest area? ________________________
4. What country has the smallest area? ________________________
5. What are the countries whose land areas are bigger than 9, 000, 000 sq. km?
________________________

B. Construct a table for the following data. Use the space below for your tables.

1. The following are five of the world’s smallest countries with their land area in sq.km. :
Monaco – 1. 95; Tuvalu – 26; Vatican City – 0.44 ; San Marino – 61, and Nauro – 21.

2. Make an inventory of the house furniture such as chairs, tables, etc. and present the data
you gather in a table.

LEARNING ACTIVITY NO.2

Study the pictograph below then interpret it by answering the questions that follow.

WVSU – Himamaylan City Campus

Hinampang 2018 Results

Team Number of Gold Medals

BEEd

BSEd

BSHM

BSIT

Legend: = 5 Gold Medals

____1. What is the title of the pictograph?

____2. What does a represent?
____3. What are the teams which joined the competition?
____4. Which team won the championship?
____5. What is the total number of gold medals garnered by the team which ranks last?
____6. How many gold medals more did the BSEd team win over the BSHM team?
____7. How many gold medals in all were won by all the teams?

LEARNING ACTIVITY NO. 3

A. Study the bar graph and answer the questions that follow.

Concert Ticket Sale

General Admission
Kinds of Tickets

Lower Box
Upper Box
Patron

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Tickets Sold

____1. How many Lower Box tickets were sold?

____2. What kind of tickets sold has the least sales?
____3. How many more General Admission than Upper Box tickets were sold?

If the prize of each kind of ticket are as follows:

Patron – P 2 000 ; Upper Box – P1 000; Lower Box – P 500; General Admission – P 200

____4. What is the total cost of all Patron tickets sold?

____5. Which kind of tickets earned the most?
____6. What is the total amount of all tickets sold?
 B. Construct a bar graph using the following data:
Title: Tree Planting Drive
Number of Trees Planted:
First Year – 90;
Second Year – 75;
third Year – 80;
Fourth Year – 60.

LEARNING ACTIVITY NO. 4

Use the Probability Scale to determine the chance of each event occurring by placing a
check on the appropriate column.

Event Impossible Unlikely to Equally likely Most likely Certain to

to happen happen to happen to happen happen
1. Your favorite basketball team
will win against its opponent
which it has beaten four times
in the past four games.
2. It will not rain in the whole
month of June.
3. You will win the Lotto.
4. You roll a die and get an odd
number.
5. You toss a coin and obtain a
head
6. You get a color yellow in a
spinner that has three colors.
7. You grow 10 feet tall.
8. You roll a die and get a
number greater than 2
9. You draw a heart from a deck
of cards.
10. It will rain on a hot summer
day.

VIII .SELF-EVALUATION

Complete the given WL Chart to show what you wonder and what you have learned from this
lesson.

What I WONDER about this lesson? What do I LEARNED from this lesson?
IX. TEST: A. Study the bar graph. Answer the questions below.

Use figure 1 for numbers 1 – 5.

_____1.How many items are being compared in the graph?
_____2. What was the average height in cm for Granny’s Bloomers?
_____3. What was the average height in cm for No Fertilizer?
_____4. How longer Granny’s Bloomers bean plants grow than Miracle Gro?
_____5 Which among the fertilizers must be recommended for faster
growth of bean plant? Figure 1

B. Study the pictograph and answer the questions that follow.

Amount of Donation of Five towns to the Typhoon Victims

Town Amount of Donation

Pavia

San Joaquin

Estancia

Sta. Barbara

Cabatuan

Legend: = P 1,000 = P100

Figure 2
1. How much does a coin represent? 1.________
2. How many towns are included in the pictograph? 2.________
3. Which town donated the least amount and how much is the amount? 3.________
4. Which town donated the biggest amount? 4.________
5. How much did Sta. Barbara donate? 5.________
6. What towns donated more than P4,000? 6.________
7. What is the total donation of the five towns? 7.________

C. Construct a table for the data shown by the pictograph in figure 2.

X. REFERENCES
Camarista, Genesis G. & Oranio, Ian B.Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades.OBE &
PPST-Based.Lorimar Publishing Inc.2019
Gusano, Riza C. et.al A Course Module for Teaching Math in the Primary Grades.REX Book
Store.2020

Prepared by:

FRANCES DEE I. GRUMO, MAMT

Instructor

Checked by:

GERMANA A. ORZALES, Ph.D.

Dept. Dean