(S1-5 Ming Hong) Hawker Culture

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Hawker Culture in Singapore Community

Dining and Culinary Practices in a Multicultural Urban Context

History of Hawker Culture in Singapore


Hawker Culture evolved from street food culture, and its origins in Singapore can be traced back to the
mid-1800s, when the first street hawkers would ply the streets selling an array of food and beverages. The term
‘hawker’ was used to refer to someone who peddled his wares. In the past, dining out in Singapore often meant
ordering food and beverages from peddling hawkers and enjoying meals on sidewalks.
Hawkers sold lightweight food in woven baskets and tin boxes suspended from the ends of a carrying
pole, or prepared cooked dishes on pushcarts or trishaw stalls equipped with stoves and cooking utensils.
During the formative years of Singapore’s independence, hawkers and local communities came together
with assistance from the government to develop hawker centres. Ever since, they have provided stable
livelihoods for hawkers as well as affordable meals to locals and visitors alike in a clean and hygienic
environment.

Hawker Centres
Hawker centres offer a variety of freshly prepared cuisines in an open and naturally
ventilated environment. More importantly, they are microcosms of the Singaporean society and
serve as ‘community dining rooms’. Regardless of age, gender, ethnicity and social background,
people from all walks of life converge at hawker centres for breakfast, lunch, and dinner – and
even for a quick snack in between.
Hawker centres are also important social spaces for community interaction throughout the
day, every day. Conveniently located in residential, business and recreational districts around
Singapore, they are quintessential urban social nodes where people interact and mingle over
hawker fare. It is also not uncommon to see people playing chess, busking, or art-jamming in some
hawker centres.

Hawker Food
Hawker food evolves over time and reflects the multicultural make-up of Singapore. From
Hainanese chicken rice and satay (grilled meat skewers) to Thosai (Indian pancake) and Laksa
(rice noodles in spicy coconut gravy), the rich culinary selection in hawker centres represent the
Chinese, Malay, Indian, and other communities that call this country home.
Over the years, hawkers also take inspiration from this confluence of diverse cultures,
incorporating ingredients and cooking techniques from different culinary traditions, as well as
adapting dishes to local tastes and contexts.
Hawker Culture is a key component of Singapore’s way-of-life. It brings together people
of different ages, backgrounds and ethnicities, through their common love for hawker food and
the shared practices surrounding it. Transmitted through the generations, Hawker Culture has
thrived on the hard work and creativity of hawkers and adapted to the changing times and needs
of communities. It is now an integral part of Singapore’s living heritage.

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