KOC-P-002 Part 2-R6-23-08-2015
KOC-P-002 Part 2-R6-23-08-2015
KOC-P-002 Part 2-R6-23-08-2015
STEEL TANKS
(Rev. 6)
STANDARDS TEAM
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 1 of 48 REV. 6
STANDARDS PUBLICATION
STEEL TANKS
STANDARDS TEAM
I DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 I Page 2 of 48 REV.S
II
AND VESSELS P AR T 2:
STEEL TANKS
ISSUING AUTHORITY:
STANDARDS TEAM
6 23/08/2015
Issued as KOG
Standard
Task Force A ~~.
(TF-PG/05 )
Amer Jaragh Khalid B. AI-Shammari
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
FOREWORD 5
1.0 SCOPE 7
2.0 APPLICATION 7
3.0 TERMINOLOGY 8
3.1 Definitions 8
3.2 Abbreviations 9
12.0 DOCUMENTATION 43
12.1 General 43
12.2 Work Proposal 43
12.3 Work Records / Reports 44
12.4 Final Report 44
13.0 APPENDICES 45
Appendix 1: Caulking (Putty) Application 45
Appendix 2: Fiberglass Application on Connections & Supports 46
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 47-48
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 5 of 48 REV. 6
FOREWORD I6I
This document “KOC Standard for Internal Lining of Tanks and Vessels Part 2 :
Internal Lining of Above Ground Steel Tanks” (KOC-P-002 Part 2, Rev.6) is
intended to provide the minimum technical requirements of appropriate and proven
materials for the different lining systems to protect the internal steel surfaces of tanks
from internal corrosion. The earlier document (KOC-P-002, Pt. 2 Rev. 5) issued in May
2011, has been revised for conformance with the revisions of relevant International /
National Standards and incorporation of latest technical requirements in this field.
This Standard is part of the KOC-P-002 Series on “Internal Lining of Tanks and Vessels”.
The other parts of this series are:
This KOC Standard has been approved by the Standards Team in consultation with the
Standards Technical Committee (STC) for consistent use throughout the Engineering
and Operational Functions of Kuwait Oil Company (K.S.C).
e) To act as a tool for internal communication from which future safety, environmental
and technological changes can be measured.
Feedback as well as any comments or suggestions derived from the application of this
Standard at any stage of construction, maintenance and field experiences are invited
and should be directed to:
The revision of this Standard (Rev.6) has been entrusted by the Standards Technical
Committee (STC) to the Task Force (TF-PC/05) comprising of the following Members:
Mr. Amer Jaragh Insp. & Corr. (N&WK) Team TF Leader Tel. No. 65428
Mr. Mohd. Emam Insp. & Corr. (S&EK) Team Member Tel. No. 65254
Mr. Hasan Sabri Insp. & Corr. (S&EK) Team Member Tel. No. 65434
Mr. Sharian Al-Dousary Export Maintenance Team Member Tel. No. 67882
Mr. Ganga P. Dharan Export Maintenance Team Member Tel. No. 66185
Mr. Umair A. Usmani Standards Team Member Tel. No. 61869
1.0 SCOPE
1.1 This Standard specifies the minimum requirements for surface preparation,
materials, application, inspection and testing of hand lay linings such as
fiberglass reinforced, glass flake, phenolic epoxy and high build epoxy
systems, intended to be applied on internal surfaces of above ground storage
tanks as specified in Table I below:
Roof
Tanks Bottom & Shell & Nozzles &
Tanks Underside &
Lower Shell Structure Pipe Internals
Truss
Brackish &
Fire Fighting FGRL up to 0.6 m PE / HBE PE / HBE PE
Water
Effluent /
Source / FGRL up to 0.6 m GF(1) PE / HBE PE
Treated Water
Dry Crude FGRL up to 0.6 m PE / HBE PE / HBE PE
Wet Crude FGRL up to 3 m(2) PE / HBE PE / HBE PE
HBE No
Floating Roof FGRL up to 0.6 m No Coating
(within 0.6 m) Coating
Fresh Potable
SFE SFE SFE SFE
Water
Where; FGRL: Fiberglass Reinforced Lining ; GF: Glass Flake ; PE : Phenolic Epoxy ;
SFE: Solvent Free Epoxy (suitable for drinking water) ; HBE: High Build Epoxy.
NOTES
(1) If GF cannot be applied on a structure due to its shape, then PE / HBE can be
applied.
(2) If water level is higher than 3.0 m, then apply FGRL up to 0.60 m with
remaining shell height lined with GF.
(3) All Tank bottom plate soil side shall be coated with HBE.
(4) For thickness requirements, refer to Tables V of this Standard.
1.2 The scope also includes application of single mat fiberglass lining for tanks
bottom plate. (Refer Clause 9.6.2 & NOTE) I6I
2.0 APPLICATION
2.1 All the materials and equipment used for surface preparation, coating
application, inspection and testing shall conform to the requirements of this
Standard and the referenced standards and codes herein.
2.2 Any exception or deviations from this Standard, along with their merits &
justification, shall be brought to the attention of KOC Controlling Team, for
their review, consideration and amendment by Standards Team (if required).
2.3 Compliance with this Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal or
statutory obligations.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 8 of 48 REV. 6
3.0 TERMINOLOGY
3.1 Definitions
3.1.1 Applicator
An organization, contractor or subcontractor having the technical capability,
knowledge, equipment, qualified personnel that is approved by KOC for the
coating processes as required by this Standard.
3.1.2 Caulking
Caulking is the process of applying a 98-100% solid catalyzed epoxy material
(caulking compound) on tank internal surfaces to fill pores/pits or to cover
weld seams, lap joints, large projections, connections, etc. This is to provide a
uniform gradual transition and smooth surfaces.
3.1.3 Coat
A continuous layer of a coating material that results from a single application.
3.1.4 Contractor
Vendor Company or business that agrees to furnish materials and/or perform
specific project/services to KOC at specific price and/or rate defined by the
contract.
3.1.5 Curing
Curing is the setting up or hardening, generally due to a reaction between two
or more chemicals (e.g., resin and curing agent) resulting in the final
polymerized product in the lining system.
3.1.9 Grit
A term used to describe the angular or irregularly shaped particles of
abrasives used.
3.1.10 Holiday
A discontinuity in a protective coating (e.g., cracks, pinholes, voids, etc.) that
exhibits electrical conductivity when exposed to specific voltage.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 9 of 48 REV. 6
3.1.11 Manufacturer
The KOC approved parties that manufacture coating, lining, wrapping and
insulation materials.
4.1 Conflicts
In the event of conflicts between this Standard and the standards / codes
referenced herein, or other contractual requirements, the most stringent
requirement shall apply. In case further clarifications are required, the subject
shall be brought to the attention of KOC Controlling Team for review and
resolution.
ASTM D522 / D522M Standard Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of
Attached Organic Coatings
KOC-P-002 Pt. 3 KOC Standard for Internal Lining of Steel Tanks &
Vessels: Part 3: Internal Lining of Steel Vessels
5.1 The environmental conditions in Kuwait are severe and shall be considered
carefully for selection of coating materials. The atmosphere shall be
considered to be dusty, corrosive and humid with high ambient temperature.
The atmosphere may also contain traces of H2S / SO2 / SOx / NOx gases and
airborne chemical contaminants. I6I
6.1 General
6.1.1 The Contractor / Applicator shall assure the compliance of necessary HSE
requirements to minimize the consequences and impacts of hazards on the
surrounding environment and adjoining facilities as well as the occupational
health and safety of exposed personnel.
6.1.2 KOC Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) policy, relevant HSE
Management System procedures and other contract HSE requirements, as
applicable, shall be adhered to while carrying out KOC works.
6.1.3 The Contractor / Applicator personnel, shall take necessary approvals from
the relevant safety authority of KOC, where there is a risk of flammable
atmosphere being present in a particular work area, prior to performing
surface preparation. Flame heating equipment shall not be used in hazardous
areas. Refer to KOC-G-002 “KOC Standard for Hazardous Area
Classification”, which describes the area classification for various Facilities. A
prior approval from KOC shall be obtained before the use of any flame heating
equipment at the job site.
6.1.4 Appropriate Permit to Work (PTW) with applicable Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
document for the work to be carried out and shall be prepared in accordance
to KOC.SA.004 “Permit to Work Procedure” prior to commencement of work.
The PTW and JSA documents shall address all relevant HSE requirements
specified by the Coating Manufacturer and the applicable KOC HSEMS
Procedures. KOC HSE Policy and all applicable KOC HSEMS procedures
shall be adhered to within KOC areas at all times.
JSA of the work including confined space entry shall be in accordance with the
requirement specified in KOC.SA.007 “Entry into Confined Spaces” and
control measures mentioned in the JSA documents shall be implemented at
work site and the pertinent hazards identified in JSA shall be communicated to
all workers before commencing the work.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 15 of 48 REV. 6
6.1.7 Adequate lighting shall be provided using KOC approved high intensity flood
lights or spot lights of safe voltage levels to provide good visibility during
surface preparation, lining application, and inspection / testing. The temporary
power supply circuit shall have earth leakage circuit breaker. Temporary
lighting shall comply with the requirement specified in KOC.SA.007 “Entry into
Confined Spaces”.
6.1.8 All equipment and accessories utilized for the coating application processes,
including pipe handling and cleaning processes, shall be certified to be in safe
condition. Contractor’s mobile plant / equipment entering Gathering Centers /
Booster Stations must be certified – “Fit for Service” by Third Party Inspector
and shall obtain the Clearance Certificate as per KOC.SA.013 “Mobile
Equipment Procedure”. Periodical inspection records of all equipment and
accessories shall be made available on demand.
6.2.1 The tank shall be positively isolated by blind flange (spade, spectacle blind
etc.) as applicable before commencement of any work. Any manifold lines
such as vents fill or suction shall be "blanked off" from other existing tanks and
lines that are to remain in service during the entire lining process. Product and
vapor recovery lines shall be drained off product and purged or disconnected
and "blanked off". The Contractor / Applicator shall use an air-line, while
working inside the tank.
6.2.2 All electrical switches supplying current to pumps and other equipment
connected to the tank shall be "locked out". Cathodic protection system and all
tubular housing and conduits connected to the tanks for gauging or other
instrumentation purpose shall be disconnected.
6.3.1 Continual ventilation shall be provided during the entire blasting and lining
process to maintain safe limits. The rate of airflow used to purge and ventilate
shall be determined by the size of the tank, with a minimum of Two (2) air
exchanges per hour.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 16 of 48 REV. 6
6.3.2 During the entire purging process, tests for flammable vapor concentrations
shall be conducted and results for at least Two (2) consecutive tests shall fall
in the acceptable range for Confined Space Entry in compliance with HSEMS
Doc. No. KOC.SA.007.
7.1 General
7.1.1 All lining materials (including the fiber glass mat and tissue) shall be
chemically pure, uniform in composition and free from inclusions and
foreign contaminants. I6I
7.1.3 All the lining materials intended to be used shall have a proper proven track
history for the last 15 years in crude and effluent water tanks. The history shall
be submitted to KOC for review and approval which shall include inspection
reports of at least Five (5) tanks after the lining being in service, contact
information and year applied etc. I 6 I
7.2.1 Lining materials shall be packaged and delivered to the plant / site in original,
tightly sealed Manufacturer’s containers with batch numbers, storage
conditions, date of manufacture and date of expiry clearly marked thereon.
MSDS / SDS of the materials shall also to be provided. I 6 I
7.2.2 All lining materials, solvents and thinners shall be stored in enclosed storage
areas or structures that are well-ventilated and protected from temperatures
exceeding Manufacturer’s recommendations, open flames, electrical
discharge and direct sunlight. Air conditioned storage areas shall be utilized
while excessive ambient temperatures are expected.
All lining materials, solvents, curing agents, oil and equipment cleaners shall
be stored in closed labeled original containers. All electrical fittings and
installations in storage areas should be certified as flameproof ‘Exd’ type.
7.2.3 Storage area shall be demarcated as “No Smoking” area. It shall be secured
and no other material shall be stored in that enclosed area.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 17 of 48 REV. 6
7.2.4 Portable fire extinguisher of suitable quality and appropriate quantity shall be
provided at storage area and such extinguishers shall be inspected and
approved by Fire Team.
7.2.5 The Manufacturer’s safety precautions and procedures regarding toxicity and
safe mixing, handling, storage and application of coating materials shall be
strictly adhered. They shall be clearly described on the technical data sheet of
coating materials supplied as well as on the containers.
7.2.6 Original containers after being emptied shall not be re-used for any other
purpose and shall be disposed off as hazardous waste as per KOC HSEMS
Procedure KOC.EV.008 “Waste Management Procedure”.
An easily applied rapid curing primer which cures to a coating with excellent
abrasion and chemical resistance may be used as holding primer. The
approved holding primer shall be compatible with the lining system and as
specified in the lining system material data sheet. Holding primer may not be
required if the tank atmosphere is held at less than 50% relative humidity by
use of an approved dehumidification system. Blast holding primer shall not be
in red or brown shade.
7.4.1 Caulking (putty) compound shall be a mixture of solvent free epoxy resin and
treated aggregates, e.g. Silica Sand / Fumed Silica / Aerosil Powder. A fully
cured caulking shall be rigid to provide strength and chemical resistance
which shall be compatible with the lining system.
7.4.2 Sealer compound shall be 100% volume solids and compatible with the lining
system.
7.4.3 The approved putties and sealers shall be as specified in the lining system
material data sheet.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 18 of 48 REV. 6
The resin compound for fiberglass lining system shall be Bisphenol Epoxy
Resin. Base resins shall be type 1 Grade 1 as per ASTM D1763 100% pure
Bisphenol Epychlorohydrin epoxide resin of low viscosity at normal room
temperature. Epoxy resin may be an amine adduct cured. Epoxy base blends
may be either high molecular weight Epoxy Phenolic or Novolac base resins
of low viscosity at normal room temperature.
b) The mat shall have a minimum weight of 450 gm/m 2 (1.5 oz/ft2), a width of
not less than 1250 mm and shall contain a high solubility binder.
c) The glass surface tissue (surface veil) shall be a light weight glass fiber
with a minimum weight of 20 gm/m2 (9.6 oz/in2) and a minimum width of
1250 mm.
d) The fiber mat and tissue shall be compatible with the resin intended to use.
The resin compound for fiberglass lining system shall be Bisphenol Epoxy
Resin Base. Resins shall be type 1 Grade 1 as per ASTM D1763, 100% pure
Bisphenol Epichlorohydrin epoxide resin of low viscosity at normal room
temperature.
7.6.2 Epoxy resin may be an amine adduct cured. Epoxy base blends may be either
high molecular weight Epoxy Phenolic or Novolac base resins of low viscosity
at normal room temperature.
7.7.1 The Phenolic Epoxy (PE) shall be Amine Cured and shall be capable to
withstand a temperature of minimum 90oC (Immersed).
7.7.2 The High Build Epoxy (HBE) shall be amine adduct. The volume of solids shall
be minimum 80%. HBE shall be capable to build up the recommended
thickness in a single (1) or maximum Two (2) coats without any film defects.
The product shall be designed for withstanding buried soil conditions. I6I
7.7.3 Solvent Free Epoxy (SFE) shall be High Build and suitable for using in potable
water service. The lining shall possess certificate of clearance to use on
storage items intended to store water for human consumption from the
Ministry of Electricity & Water, Kuwait.
7.9.2 The quality of lining is subject to KOC approval. The Contractor shall submit a
sample plate for testing and analysis by KOC.
7.9.3 All new products and all lining applicators shall prepare sample(s) as per this
Standard for the Product & Applicator qualification on each KOC project. Upon
curing of the lining, the sample shall be subjected to several tests to the
KOC’s satisfaction.
7.9.4 Sample Plate Specifications for thick film fiberglass reinforced system I6I
The name of the Contractor and the Date on which the sample is delivered to
KOC shall be clearly mentioned or marked in one corner (within a 150 mm
square) of the plate which is not primed.
The lining and caulking shall be applied as per this Standard. The mat overlap
shall be 50 mm and should be made at the middle of the test plate.
Upon completion of the complete lining system and the specified curing time,
the sample will be subjected to the tests as follows:
a) Visual Inspection
b) Thickness Measurements
The dry film thickness (DFT) shall be checked at the Four (4) corners of
the plate using micrometer and another random Four (4) readings shall be
measured by suitable thickness gauge. The average of Eight (8) readings
shall be recorded in the test report.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 21 of 48 REV. 6
Pinhole detection test of the lining shall be carried out by suitable high
voltage holiday (spark) testing instrument at a set voltage as
recommended by NACE SP 0188 or as per Manufacturers’
recommendations.
Upon completion of the complete lining system and the specified curing time,
the sample will be subjected to the tests as follows:
a) Adhesion test
The adhesion test shall be carried out as per ASTM D4541 / ISO 4624
before and after immersing the sample plate in water (60oC) for 24 hours.
b) Hardness Test
c) Bending Test
i) Specimen Preparation
The lined sample plate shall be free from any pinholes, voids or
other defects.
All test coupons for bending tests shall be free of any cracks or
splitting (separation) from the steel base when tested as stated
above.
Minimum Acceptance
Properties Test Method
Criteria
Adhesion ASTM D4541 10 MPa
Adhesion
(after immersing the lining into ASTM D4541 7 MPa
o
60 C water for 24 hours)
ASTM G42
Cathodic Disbondment 10 mm max.
(at 60°C for 30 days)
ASTM D5420
Impact Resistance No Holiday
(4.5 Joules / 40 in. lbs.)
No disbondment
Salt Spray ISO 9227 (for 3000 hours)
more than 3 mm and no rusting.
ASTM D522/D522M /
Flexibility Test As per Coating Manufacturer
CSA Z245.20- Series - 14
7.10.2 Sample Plate Specification for glass flake epoxy lining system I6I
The sample plate shall be of size (900 mm x 900 mm x 6 mm). The plates
shall be grit blasted and primed in accordance with the Technical Specification
of the lining system to be tested. The DFT of primer coating shall not
exceed 50 microns.
The name of the Contractor and the Date on which the sample is delivered to
KOC shall be clearly mentioned or marked in one corner (within a 150 mm
square) of the plate which is not primed.
The lining shall be applied as per this Standard to achieve the recommended
thickness of 1000 microns and properly cured.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 24 of 48 REV. 6
Upon completion of the complete lining system and the specified curing time,
the sample will be subjected to the tests as follows:
a) Visual Inspection
b) Thickness Measurements
The dry film thickness (DFT) to be checked at the Four (4) corners of the
plate using micrometer and another random Four (4) readings shall be
measured by suitable thickness gauge. The average of Eight (8) readings
shall be recorded in the test report.
Pinhole detection test of the lining shall be carried out by suitable high
voltage holiday (spark) testing instrument at a set voltage as
recommended by NACE SP 0188 or as per the Manufacturer’s
recommendations.
Upon completion of the complete lining system and the specified curing time,
the sample will be subjected to the tests as follows:
a) Adhesion Test
The adhesion test shall be carried out as per ASTM D4541 / ISO 4624
before and after immersing the sample plate in water (60oC) for 24 hours.
b) Hardness Test
Minimum Acceptance
Properties Test Method
Criteria
Adhesion ASTM D4541 10 MPa
Adhesion
(after immersing the lining into ASTM D4541 7 MPa
o
60 C water for 24 hours)
8.1 General
8.1.1 Design, fabrication and surface finish requirements for metal tanks to be lined
shall be in accordance with NACE SP 0178. “Repair of tank bottom
(maintenance work)” shall be in accordance with API RP 652 & API STD 653.
8.1.2 The surfaces to be lined shall be prepared and cleaned by the lining
Contractor in accordance with the requirements of this Standard before any
lining work begins.
8.2.1 An Flame Proof air driven transfer pump shall be used to remove any
remaining product, water or sediment from the tank. Pump motors and suction
hoses shall be properly grounded to prevent electrostatic ignition hazards. Any
temporary lighting fixtures used during this activity shall be “Flame Proof”
Ex “d” certified for use in a Zone 1 area. I6I
8.2.3 Using a non-ferrous or spark proof shovel, any solid sludge, sediment or
saturated absorbent material shall be removed from the tank bottom and shall
be placed in approved containers or drums. Disposal of containers shall be in
accordance with all country and local regulations.
8.2.4 Tank sludge and residue are potentially hazardous since they may contain
lead compounds and or benzene vapors; and shall be disposed off to the
predetermined Site as per KOC.EV.008 “Waste Management Procedure”.
Personnel involved in the removal of these wastes shall wear proper
respiratory equipment and protective clothing.
8.2.5 Personnel entering the tank must be trained on the procedures laid down in
KOC.SA.007 “Entry into Confined Spaces” and should be aware of the
hazards to ensure safety by taking adequate preventive and protective
measures.
During the cleaning process, they must wear a positive pressure air supplied
respirators with full face enclosure. Oil-and-water resistant rubber or neoprene
boots shall be worn at all times. Protective clothing that is resistant to the
types of products stored in the tank shall be worn to protect the arms, legs,
torso, and head of the employee entering the tank.
8.2.6 Clothing that has become saturated with the stored product or liquid residues
shall be removed immediately; and shall be disposed off as hazardous waste.
8.2.7 Roof legs and supports shall be lifted to drain oil accumulations. Legs and
supports shall be jacked up off the bottom during lining application, and open
ends shall be covered with plastic bags to prevent dripping on blasted or
primed surfaces.
8.2.8 Plastic bags shall be used to protect against overhead dripping from counter
weights, supports, etc.
8.2.9 The cleaned surface shall be allowed to dry before proceeding with further
preparation or coating.
8.2.10 After completion of all cleaning works, the roof underside shall be sweep blast
cleaned to remove all debris prior to start the tank lining activity.
8.3.1 Isolated corroded areas below minimum thickness shall be repaired by weld
overlaying or by the continuous perimeter minimum welding of a 6.35 mm
thick steel plate over the area with a full fillet weld. The patch plate shall
extend 150 mm beyond the corroded area on all sides. KOC will replace shell
plate which is generally below minimum thickness.
8.3.2 All holes in the bottom smaller than 12.5 mm in diameter shall be repaired by
plug welding, and the area shall be ground smooth.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 27 of 48 REV. 6
8.3.3 All holes in the bottom larger than 12.5 mm in diameter and all areas with
clusters of small holes shall be repaired by the continuous perimeter welding
of a minimum 6.35 mm thick steel plate over the holes. The plate shall extend
minimum 150 mm beyond the affected area on all sides.
8.3.4 All welds must be continuous. No skip welding is permitted. All existing skip
welds shall be upgraded to continuous welds.
8.3.5 Surface irregularities like weld spatter, sharp protrusions, slivers and porosity
shall be removed completely prior to surface preparation (made flush or
ground smooth). All sharp outside corners and edges shall be rounded at least
to a 3.15 mm radius. Any other observed defects in welds and base metal
should be referred to KOC for disposition.
8.4.1 Prior to blast cleaning of surfaces, foreign materials like deposits, oil, grease,
mill, lacquer, wax, old or temporary coatings, salts, dirt, mud, etc. shall be
removed by the applicable method(s) of the following:
b) The cleaned surface shall be allowed to dry before proceeding with further
preparation or coating.
c) Scraping, wire brushing and wiping down with clean rags may be used to
remove dry contaminants from steel surfaces.
d) Heating to remove oil, grease and to stress mill scale may be used,
provided the pipe section / fitting is preheated in a uniform manner to
avoid distortion. This method is not applicable on bottom plate cleaning
which may cause damage to soil side coating.
8.5.1 The Contractor shall select an appropriate mesh size abrasive to attain the
specified surface profile. The abrasive shall be used in accordance with the
Manufacturer’s specifications and shall contain no impurities.
The blast gun / nozzle shall be fitted with a dead man handle, which shall be
checked for correct operation prior to the start of work.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 28 of 48 REV. 6
8.5.2 The Contractor may be asked to demonstrate to KOC satisfaction that the
selected abrasive will provide the specified surface profile and visual standard.
This shall be done by blasting a representative piece of steel, then measuring
the surface profile using replica tape as per NACE RP0287 or as per ASTM
D4417 and comparing the surface finish to the appropriate visual standard.
The dust embedment on the blast cleaned surface shall not be more
than Grade 2 of ISO 8502-3.
8.5.3 Sand, Copper slag or Cadmium shall not be used as an abrasive material
for blast cleaning.
8.5.4 The metal substrate shall be abrasive blast cleaned to a visual standard in
accordance with ISO 8501-1 Sa 2½ (NACE 2/SSPC-SP10).
8.5.5 For Fiberglass & Glass Flake Lining, the surface profile shall be 75-150
microns.
8.5.6 For Phenolic Epoxy / High Build Epoxy / Solvent Free Epoxy, the surface
profile shall be in the range 50-100 microns or as specified by the lining
Manufacturer.
8.5.7 Blast cleaning combined with vacuum collection at the nozzle can be used to
reduce atmospheric contamination within the tank. The compressed air used
in any cleaning method shall be free of water and oil. Adequate separators or
traps shall be provided and properly maintained; and shall be emptied
regularly of water and oil. The air supply shall be tested daily for cleanliness
using a white cloth test per clause 10.4 of this Standard.
e) Clean Positive pressure type air masks (with air supplied hoods) shall be
worn by the blasting crew, while blasting against exposure to dust and
other health hazards. This equipment must be inspected on a regular basis
and it shall be ensured that the air supplied to the air masks is free from
any harmful contaminants.
g) As shot blasting operations are noisy and overall noise levels produced by
such operations of equipment resulting to exceed 85 decibels (dBA),
personal ear protective devices shall be required to use.
8.7.1 After the completion of abrasive blasting, the surface shall be brushed with a
clean hair bristle or fiber brush, blown with compressed air and then
vacuumed. The dust embedded on the cleaned surface shall be tested as per
clause 10.5.6 of this Standard.
8.7.2 The blast cleaned surface shall be checked for the presence of Soluble
Chlorides as per clause 10.5.5 of this Standard.
8.7.3 A surface holding primer shall be applied in order to hold the blasted surface
for a short period till the blasting and cleaning is completed, unless
dehumidification equipment is operated with a relative humidity less than 50%
during the entire surface preparation operation. Only a primer approved by the
Manufacturer of the tank lining material can be used based on the project
needs.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 30 of 48 REV. 6
8.7.4 All personnel entering the tank after abrasive blasting shall wear rubber soled
shoes with clean, disposable shoe covers, sweatbands and lint free gloves.
8.7.6 A minimum of 100 mm around the edges of blasted areas shall be left
un-primed if the entire surface to be coated cannot be blasted and primed on
the same day. Subsequent blasting shall continue a minimum of 25 mm into
the primed surfaces. The rough edge shall then be feather edged by power
tool or hand sanding with heavy grit wheel or sandpaper. The surface to be
coated shall be free of loose and / or burnt coating.
8.8 Striker Plates, Steel Legs, Risers, Down comers and Supports
8.8.1 When required striker plates shall be placed directly under each gauge hatch.
8.8.2 Plates shall be 6 mm thick. If the plate is to be installed under a gauge well,
the dimensions shall be approximately 150 mm larger than the well radius. If
the gauge does not have a well, then the striker plate shall be approx. 0.28 m 2
(3 ft2) centered under the hatch.
8.8.3 The striker plates shall be lined with Fiberglass mat on top side and bottom
side shall be lined with HBE to a minimum thickness of 400 microns. The
edges of the striker plates shall be properly protected with the epoxy resin.
8.8.4 The lined striker plates shall be fixed over Fiberglass lined reinforcing pad
using epoxy resin / gel coat.
8.8.5 Roof support legs, risers, down-comers, filling lines, roof drain lines and steel
supports etc. shall receive One (1) coat of high build epoxy at a minimum DFT
of 750 microns (30 mils) up to a height as specified by the project
specifications / data sheet. The inclined inlet distributor for dry crude tanks and
horizontal inlet distributor, outlet collector pipes in wet crude tanks and sump
drain lines shall be coated externally and internally.
8.8.6 All the reinforcement pads (even where the striker plates are kept above) shall
have a full lining system.
8.8.7 The roof support legs shall be jacked up and supported to apply the full lining
system on reinforcement pads. Temporary supports shall be designed in such
a way that it will not damage the roof plates. Only alternate legs shall be lifted.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 31 of 48 REV. 6
9.1 General
9.1.1 Lining works shall be in accordance with the requirements established by this
Standard and the recommendations of the lining Manufacturer. Any area not
specifically covered, shall be in accordance with the principles and guidelines
set forth in the NACE Hand Book - Coating and Lining for Immersion Services
or API RP 652. The Contractor shall submit a detailed coating application
procedure for KOC approval prior to commencing any work on the tank
bottom.
9.1.2 The Contractor or applicator shall provide all materials, tools, equipment
(including personnel safety and ventilating equipment) and scaffolding.
9.1.3 The Contractor or applicator shall use only experienced and qualified
manpower to carry out the required works.
9.1.4 Details of experience for lining work shall be submitted to KOC Inspection &
Corrosion Team for review and approval.
9.1.5 All the blasters, applicators, foreman and supervisor shall possess certificates
from the lining system Manufacturer and applicator cards from KOC ICT,
whom shall be qualified as per KOC Standard KOC-P-006.
9.1.6 Also, the applicator shall appoint a NACE Certified Inspector or equivalent
with relevant field experience of not less than Five (5) years. The Contractor’s
Inspector shall be qualified by KOC ICT as per KOC-P-006. The certified
inspector shall be responsible for the proper application of the lining system.
9.1.7 Approved applicators or supervisors shall not be changed from the job without
prior information to KOC.
9.1.8 Surfaces, to be lined, shall be inspected and approved by KOC prior to any
coating being applied. This shall be after surface preparation and between
each subsequent coating.
9.1.9 The Contractor shall have copies of data sheets available at Site where the
lining work is being performed. In the event of a conflict between the
Manufacturer’s data sheets and this Standard, the more stringent requirement
shall apply.
9.1.10 The Contractor shall have a technical representative from the lining
Manufacturer, who should be present to assist and witness the application of
each coating system upon the request of KOC without any additional cost and
time impact. The Contractor shall obtain further technical assistance from the
lining Manufacturer when problems arise or when requested by KOC.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 32 of 48 REV. 6
9.1.11 The application shall be carried out under completely dry conditions, and all
necessary precautions shall be taken to ensure that water does not come in
contact with uncured resin. This is to obtain best adhesion and ultimate
chemical resistance of the laminate.
9.1.12 When only part of the internal surface of a tank is to be lined, the total area for
the lining shall be agreed between the KOC representative and the Contractor
representative before any work commences.
9.2.1 The Fiberglass lining shall be applied to the following internal surfaces of tank
(excluding the potable water tanks):
9.2.2 All the fillet welds of Slip-on Raised Face (SORF) flanged nozzles within the
water level need to be sealed with caulking compound. A thin coat of 75-100
microns with phenolic epoxy shall be applied with brush on top of the caulking
and shall cover a maximum of 10 mm on the flange face.
9.3.1 The coating / lining application shall NOT be carried out under the following
conditions:
c) The difference between metal surface temperature and the dew point less
than 3°C (5°F).
d) More than Four (4) hours elapsed after blasting of metal surface. The time
can be extended if dehumidification system is in use.
9.4.1 If the blasted surfaces cannot be lined completely on the same day,
the entire blast cleaned area shall be spray primed with a rapid-curing
holding primer, before any rust bloom occurs, to a minimum Dry Film
Thickness (DFT) of 15 micron; however the DFT shall not exceed
50 micron.
9.4.2 The primer shall be compatible with the lining system to be applied over it.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 33 of 48 REV. 6
9.5.1 Caulking (putty) compound and seam sealer used, shall be as described in
clause 7.4 of this Standard and specified in the Coating System Data Sheets.
9.5.2 Shallow pits and other sharp irregularities shall be filled with approved putty to
a level flush with the plate surface. (See Sketch 1, Appendix 1 of this
Standard).
9.5.3 The putty shall be applied over the primer, and must be compatible with both
the primer and the lining system to be applied over it.
9.5.4 The caulking (putty) compound shall be applied on weld seams, lap joints to
provide uniform gradual transition. (See Sketch 2, Appendix 1 of this
Standard).
9.5.5 Large projections and thick plate edges shall be filled with caulking compound
in order to smooth out the surface and permit intimate contact with the glass
reinforcement.
9.5.6 Caulking compound shall be applied also at the shell to bottom junction
(chine) to produce a smooth surface on which the Fiberglass System is
applied without bridging. The applied material at this junction shall have a
throat (leg dimension) of 50 mm as explained in Sketch 3 of Appendix 1 of this
Standard.
9.5.7 The above mentioned caulking works can be carried out by spray / brush /
trowel / caulking gun, subject to work requirement and technical data sheet.
9.6.1 General
b) The glass mat shall be cut to conveniently sized pieces and applied in a
staggered seam (patchwork) pattern. Each seam shall overlap a minimum
of 150 mm (6 in.). Seams on all vertical surfaces extending to the annular
plate shall be overlapped by the mat on the bottom plate. Seams of the
second layer (and any successive layers) shall be staggered diagonally
opposite from the previous layer. The joints of two adjacent rows shall be
evenly distributed to get a minimum gap of 600mm.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 34 of 48 REV. 6
c) After mat is laid down and saturated with resin, it shall be rolled
thoroughly to remove all entrapped air and bubbles and to force the mat
down smoothly. A serrated aluminum roller or short bristle brush wet with
styrene may be used for this purpose. The direction of rolling or brushing
must be from the center of the saturated mat outward to prevent trapping
air bubbles beneath the mat.
d) If the upper walls (above the fiberglass lining) are to be lined, the
intersection area shall be prepared in such a way that the epoxy shall be
lapped over the fiberglass lining at 50mm.
f) The fiber mat shall be cut just before the weld of gusset plate or any other
structure welded to shell or bottom plate. The weld joint and the structure
part shall be coated with the only resin to a height of 600 mm. The
intersection area of this resin to phenolic epoxy coating shall be in such a
way that phenolic epoxy shall be coated always above the resin.
g) The resin shall be applied by airless spray machine. Any small area i.e.
sump pit, striker plates, reinforcement pads etc. may be applied with resin
using roller or brush. The first resin coat shall be tinted a contrasting
color to indicate coverage over the steel plate. The mixed lining shall be
spread, uniformly, on all areas to be covered / caulked (e.g., repaired
holes, pate overlaps, seams, welds, metal pinholes etc.).
h) A surfacing veil (Tissue) 25 micron (1.0 mil) layer shall be laid diagonally
opposite to the fiber mat as a final additional layer over the laminate.
i) A final gel coat shall be applied over the laminate system after the
complete inspection and repair of the lining.
a) The DFT of the coated primer shall be neither less than 15 micron nor
greater than 50 micron.
b) However, the First Layer of Fiber Mat with Resin shall achieve a minimum
thickness of 1250 microns irrespective of the DFT of the coated primer.
c) The Tissue layer with resin of 400 microns shall achieve a minimum
thickness of 1650 microns for single mat fiberglass lining system.
d) The final Gel coat of 200 microns shall achieve a minimum total thickness
of 1850 microns for single mat fiberglass lining system.
a) The DFT of the coated primer shall be neither less than 15 micron nor
greater than 50 micron.
b) However, the First Layer of Fiber Mat with Resin shall achieve a minimum
thickness of 1250 microns irrespective of the DFT of the coated primer.
c) The Second Layer of Fiber Mat with Resin (1200 microns) shall achieve a
minimum thickness of 2450 microns.
d) The Tissue layer with resin (400 microns) shall achieve a minimum
thickness of 2850 microns for two layer mat fiberglass lining system.
e) The final gel coat of 200 microns shall achieve a minimum total thickness
of 3050 microns for two layer mat fiberglass lining system.
9.7.1 The surface preparation shall be carried out as per the clauses 8.1 & 8.5 of
this Standard and shall meet all the requirements mentioned thereafter.
9.7.2 Surfaces to be coated shall be clean, dust free and dry before application of
any coating and shall meet the specified anchor pattern and surface finish
before application of primer.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 36 of 48 REV. 6
9.7.5 All coating work shall be done in strict compliance with the coating
Manufacturer’s data sheets. The Contractor shall have copies of the data
sheets available at the job site.
9.7.6 The coating Manufacturer’s recommended pot life shall not be exceeded.
When this limit is reached, the spray pot shall be emptied and cleaned,
materials shall be destroyed, and new material shall be mixed.
9.7.7 Each component shall be accurately measured and all components shall be
mixed according to the Manufacturer’s directions. Mixing shall be done with an
air-driven explosion-proof mixer for such time as necessary to ensure that the
pigment and thinners are thoroughly mixed.
9.7.8 Each coat shall be applied uniformly and completely using contrasting colors
over the entire surface according to accepted good coating practice. Care
shall be exercised to prevent over spray, spillage, or application of coatings to
surfaces for which the coatings are not intended.
9.7.9 The Glass Flake lining shall be applied in Two (2) coats to a minimum Dry
Film Thickness of 1000 microns (40 mils). Dry film thickness shall be
checked after each coat is applied.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 37 of 48 REV. 6
9.7.10 Coatings shall be applied in no fewer than the number of coats specified, and
the dry film thickness of individual coats shall be within the specified thickness
range.
All coating film thickness shall be checked, and the coating shall be free of
pinholes, voids, bubbles, runs or sags, and other defects. Film thickness is to
be measured with a wet film gauge during application. Film thickness shall be
verified (checked and maintained) during and after each application of each
individual coat. Thickness requirements shall be met with each coat and total
thickness shall not be “made-up” in any one coat.
9.7.11 Where film thickness do not meet Standards and or defects (holidays) are
found, the Contractor shall take corrective action at no additional cost to KOC.
These corrections shall be done to KOC satisfaction.
9.7.12 All coatings shall be allowed to dry thoroughly and for at least the minimum
time recommended by the coating Manufacturer, considering temperature and
humidity, before the application of succeeding coats. When a maximum
overcoat time is recommended by the coating Manufacturer, it shall not be
exceeded before the succeeding coat is applied.
9.7.13 Prior to the application of any coat, all damage to previous coats shall be
repaired.
9.7.14 Each coat (Primer, First coat, and Top coat) shall be inspected before
applying further coats.
9.7.17 A sample test coupon shall be prepared simultaneously and handed over to
KOC for further tests after marking the name of Contractor’s and KOC ICTs
Inspectors. The date of application shall also be stamped on the test coupon.
9.8.1 The surface preparation shall be carried out as per the clauses 8.1 & 8.5 of
this Standard and shall meet all the requirements mentioned thereafter.
9.8.2 The coating shall be mixed in proper ratios as per the Manufacturer’s
recommendations and no part mixing shall be allowed.
9.8.4 Strip coat shall be applied on all weld areas, sharp corners and all the areas
where it is not practical to apply by spray.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 38 of 48 REV. 6
9.8.5 Spray coat shall be applied with recommended pressure and control the
thickness by measuring WFT in proper intervals. Manufacturers
recommended over coating or recoating intervals shall be strictly followed.
9.8.6 If the thickness is found more than the Manufacturer’s recommended range,
then rub down the excess thickness to a minimum of 10% less than the
required thickness. Vacuum or blow down the dust and recoat the area to the
specified thickness. Further coats shall be applied until the total required
thickness is achieved.
9.8.7 A sample test coupon shall be prepared simultaneously and handed over to
KOC for further tests after punching the name of Contractor’s and KOC ICTs
Inspectors. The date of application shall also be punched on the test coupon.
Bending test as specified in the clause 7.9.7 (c) of this Standard shall be
carried out up on KOC request without any cost and time impact to KOC.
9.8.8 The minimum thickness for each type of Thin Lining (Phenolic Epoxy, High
Build Epoxy, Solvent free Epoxy) shall be in accordance with the requirement
specified in Table V. I6I
9.9 Curing
9.9.1 The lining shall be allowed to cure in well ventilated dry conditions and in
accordance with the Manufacturer's instructions.
9.9.2 For Fiberglass lining, the mat and tissue layer shall be allowed for curing; and
shall be tested prior to the application of gel coat.
9.9.4 Curing time shall be dependent on ambient temperature only and shall be as
recommended by the Manufacturer. Heating equipment shall not be used.
10.1.1 All lining materials shall be inspected and tested to ensure conformance with
the requirements of clause 7.0 of this Standard. Coated sample plate shall be
submitted to KOC for approval. Product data sheets used for sales
purposes or print outs from catalogs are not considered acceptable as
test certificates.
10.1.2 Inspection and testing at all stages of surface preparation and lining
application shall be conducted by the Contractor prior to informing KOC
Inspector for inspection. The Contractor shall perform such inspections as are
necessary to assure that the lining work complies with the requirements of this
Standard.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 39 of 48 REV. 6
10.1.4 KOC representative shall have the right to inspect at all times any tools,
materials or equipment used for the performance of surface preparation and
lining application. This is to ensure the compliance with the requirements of
this Standard.
10.1.5 The coating Manufacturer's representative shall have access to the work Site
during the progress of the work, for any inspection and testing deemed to be
necessary to ensure that the lining systems are properly applied.
10.1.6 A lay out diagram shall be prepared for the areas offered for inspection by the
applicator, which shall be duly signed by the KOC inspector.
10.1.7 The Contractor and / or applicator shall submit a "Quality Plan" (Inspection
and Test Plan) for KOC review and approval. The plan shall include all
activities in chronological manner and shall have columns for marking up KOC
Witness (W), Hold (H) and Review (R).
10.1.8 The Contractor shall submit to KOC the sample plates prepared as per
clauses 7.9.4 & 7.10.2 of this Standard after completion of lining work for each
tank with full details of materials used, and tank numbers etc.
10.4.1 The cleanliness of each compressed air supply shall be verified daily by
blasting without abrasive onto a white cloth for 20 seconds. If oil or water
appears on the cloth, all traps and separators shall be blown down until
subsequent 20-second cloth tests show no more oil or water.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 40 of 48 REV. 6
10.4.2 Recycling of abrasive shall be carried out only for automatic blasting
machines, which will recycle the abrasive automatically.
10.4.3 Re-circulated abrasives shall be tested for oil contamination at least twice per
shift by the immersion of a small amount of abrasive in a vial of water which is
shaken vigorously. If any oil floats to the surface, the abrasive shall be
discarded. Also, dust must be removed from re-circulated abrasives to meet
environmental regulations and to improve cutting efficiency.
10.5.1 Prior to abrasive blasting, the steel surface shall be checked for the presence
of defects and contaminants (e.g., oil/grease, sand/dust, weld spatter, weld
lag etc.) after abrasive blast cleaning, the steel surface shall be inspected for
visual standard (surface cleanliness) and surface profile. The visual standard
shall be in accordance with ISO 8501-1 Sa 2½ (NACE 2 / SSPC-SP10).
10.5.2 Testing of surface profile height shall be with replica tape in accordance with
ASTM D4417 or NACE RP0287. The measurements and results shall be
recorded and submitted for KOC approval.
10.5.3 For Fiberglass Lining, the surface profile shall be 75-150 microns.
10.5.4 For Phenolic Epoxy / High Build Epoxy / Solvent Free Epoxy, the surface
profile shall be in the range 50-100 microns or as specified by the lining
Manufacturer.
10.5.5 Blast cleaned surface shall be checked for the presence of soluble chloride as
per ISO 8502 Part 6/9. The chloride contamination shall not exceed
5 ug/cm2. If the chloride content of surface exceeds the above limit, it shall be
pressure jet cleaned with potable water and inspected, until the contamination
level is within the acceptable criterion.
10.5.6 The dust embedded on the blast cleaned surface shall not exceed grade 2 of
ISO 8502-3.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 41 of 48 REV. 6
4
Double Mat
50+(2x1200+400+200) 3050
Fiberglass Lining Primer +
(2 Mats + Tissue + Gel Coat)
10.7.1 Fiberglass lining layer shall be tested for curing by Barcol Hardness Tester in
accordance with ASTM D2583, at 10 different locations or as required by KOC
prior to the application of gel coat. The average reading should be as
recommended by the Manufacturer. The minimum, maximum and average
readings shall be recorded in the test record.
10.7.2 Surface cure shall be tested by rubbing a small amount of acetone on the
resin surface until the acetone evaporates. If the resin surface becomes
softened or tacky, the surface is un-cured.
10.8.1 The fully applied and cured fiber glass and glass flake lining system shall be
electrically (spark) tested for pinholes and holidays using an approved high
voltage spark type holiday detector.
10.8.2 For fiberglass lining, the holiday test shall be performed prior to the gel coat
application.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 42 of 48 REV. 6
10.8.3 All the holiday testing shall be carried out in the presence of KOC
representative. The test shall be as per NACE SP 0188, for lining thickness,
and Manufacturer's recommendations.
10.8.4 The thin film coating shall be pinhole tested by Wet Sponge method as per
NACE SP0188. The voltage shall be selected as per the Manufacturer’s
recommendation.
Adhesion test on the prepared sample plate during the application of the tank
lining shall be carried out as per ASTM D4541. The same test shall be carried
out on a separate plate after immersing the sample plate in water (60 oC) for
24 hours.
10.10.1 Following the complete curing, any defect / pinhole observed after spark test
shall be marked for repair.
10.10.3 The repaired areas shall be re-tested for holidays. Detected holidays,
correction, and final holiday-free inspection shall be recorded and submitted to
the KOC for approval.
10.10.4 Defects found as white spots due to unsaturation of resin with mat shall be
removed till the sound lining is visible.
10.10.5 It is mandatory that all defective works shall be corrected to the satisfaction of
KOC. Work shall not be deemed to be completed until the foregoing has been
achieved.
10.10.6 Three (3) repairs up to the metal of size less than one square Inch per one
square metre shall be spot repaired. Defective mats which exceed this
criterion shall be stripped and relined.
11.1 The Manufacturer and the Contractor shall operate a quality system to ensure
that the requirements of this Standard are achieved. The quality system shall
preferably be based on ISO 9000 series of standards.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 43 of 48 REV. 6
12.0 DOCUMENTATION
12.1 General
12.1.3 All documents (texts, specifications, data sheets, calculations, drawings etc.)
shall be provided in Hard Copies along with its electronic files in the approved
software (MS Word, Excel, Auto Cad etc.). All design calculations shall be
submitted in the approved and widely used software duly approved by KOC.
12.2.1 The Contractor shall submit his proposal for all aspects of work, for the
approval of KOC prior to commencement, which shall include, but limited to the
following:
A report shall be submitted upon completion of the lining works. The final report
shall include a summary on all aspects covered e.g., surface preparation, lining
application procedure and inspection & testing records performed. All the reports
shall be duly approved & signed by the Inspection & Corrosion Team personnel.
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 45 of 48 REV. 6
APPENDIX 1
Caulking (Putty)
Caulking (Putty)
GROUTING
MATERIAL
50 mm MIN.
BOTTOM
50 mm MIN. PLATE
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 46 of 48 REV. 6
APPENDIX 2
Laminated Laminated
Reinforced Reinforced
Fiberglass Fiberglass
Caulking
Material
Laminated Reinforced
Fiberglass
Caulking (Putty)
DOC. NO. KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 47 of 48 REV. 6
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This KOC Standard (Rev. 6) has been approved by the Standards Technical Committee
(STC) consisting of the following Members:
The Draft of this Standard (Rev. 6) has been circulated to the KOC User Teams for
review and responses were received from the following Teams:
Team Leader Insp. & Corr. (S&EK) Team Leader Consumers Networks
Team Leader Insp. & Corr. (N&WK) Team Leader Gas Operations (S&EK)
The revision of this Standard (Rev.6) has been entrusted by the Standards Technical
Committee (STC) to the Task Force (TF-PC/05) comprising of the following Members:
Mr. Amer Jaragh Insp. & Corr. (N&WK) Team TF Leader Tel. No. 65428
Mr. Mohd. Emam Insp. & Corr. (S&EK) Team Member Tel. No. 65254
Mr. Hasan Sabri Insp. & Corr. (S&EK) Team Member Tel. No. 65434
Mr. Sharian Al-Dousary Export Maintenance Team Member Tel. No. 67882
Mr. Ganga P. Dharan Export Maintenance Team Member Tel. No. 66185
Mr. Umair A. Usmani Standards Team Member Tel. No. 61869