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Computer Graphics

Computer graphics refers to digital images created and manipulated using computers. There are two primary types: raster graphics, made of pixels that lose quality when resized, and vector graphics, made of mathematical equations that can be resized without quality loss. Computer graphics have many applications, including entertainment, advertising, architecture, education, medical/scientific visualization, engineering, and information communication.

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Mudassar Xaeed
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21 views

Computer Graphics

Computer graphics refers to digital images created and manipulated using computers. There are two primary types: raster graphics, made of pixels that lose quality when resized, and vector graphics, made of mathematical equations that can be resized without quality loss. Computer graphics have many applications, including entertainment, advertising, architecture, education, medical/scientific visualization, engineering, and information communication.

Uploaded by

Mudassar Xaeed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Graphics

What is computer graphics?


In simple words, Images that are generated by a computer are called
computer graphics.
In other words, Computer graphics refers to the creation and manipulation
of visual content using digital technology, primarily through the use of computers.
It involves the creation, display, and manipulation of images and animations in
both two and three-dimensional forms, using techniques and technologies such
as 3D modeling, animation, rendering, virtual reality, and augmented reality.

Example:
photographs, drawings, line art, mathematical graphs, line graphs, charts,
diagrams, typography, numbers, symbols, geometric designs, maps, engineering
drawings, or other images etc.

Types of computer graphics


There are two primary types of computer graphics:

 Raster graphics
 Vector graphics

Raster Graphics:
Raster graphics, also known as bitmap graphics, are digital images made up
of a grid of pixels, each with its own color value. Raster graphics are resolution-
dependent, meaning their quality is determined by the number of pixels in the
image. They are commonly used for digital photographs, scanned images, and
web graphics, and can be edited using photo editing software such as Adobe
Photoshop.

Vector Graphics:
Vector graphics are digital images made up of mathematical equations and
geometric shapes, such as lines, curves, and polygons. Unlike raster graphics,

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which are resolution-dependent, vector graphics are resolution-independent and
can be scaled up or down without losing quality. They are commonly used for
logos, illustrations, and typography, and can be edited using vector editing
software such as Adobe Illustrator.

Basic components of computer graphics:


The basic components of computer graphics include:

1. Input devices
2. Graphics software
3. Graphics algorithms
4. Graphics hardware
5. Output device

1. Input devices:
Input devices such as mouse, keyboards, and graphics tablets are used to
create digital images and provide input to graphics software.

2. Graphics software:
Graphics software such as Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator, Autodesk
Maya, and Blender are used to create, edit, and manipulate digital images and
graphics.

3. Graphics algorithms:
Graphics algorithms are mathematical formulas and techniques used to
render and manipulate digital images and graphics, such as shading, lighting, and
texture mapping.

4. Graphics hardware:
Graphics hardware such as graphics cards are used to display digital images
and graphics on a computer screen.

5. Output devices:
Output devices such as printers, projectors, and display screens are used to
output digital images and graphics in various formats and media.

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Application of computer graphics:
Computer graphics has numerous applications in various fields. Here are some
examples:

1. Entertainment:
Computer graphics are widely used in the entertainment industry for
creating movies, television shows and video games.

2. Advertising and marketing:


Graphics are used in advertising and marketing to create eye-catching and
engaging visuals for print, web, and television media.

3. Architecture and design:


Computer graphics are used in architecture and design for creating 3D
models, renderings, and visualizations of buildings and interiors.

4. Education and training:


Graphics are used in education and training for creating interactive and
engaging instructional materials, simulations, and virtual environments.

5. Medical and scientific visualization:


Computer graphics are used in medical and scientific fields for visualizing
and analyzing complex data, such as medical imaging, molecular modeling, and
geological mapping.

6. Engineering and manufacturing:


Graphics are used in engineering and manufacturing for creating 3D
models, prototypes, and simulations of products and machines.

7. Communication and information visualization:


Graphics are used in communication and information visualization for
creating charts, and graphs that communicate complex information in an easily
understandable format.

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