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6.2 Vertical and Horizontal Asymptotes of Rational Functions

This document discusses how to find the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of rational functions. It provides examples of finding: 1) The vertical asymptotes by setting the denominator equal to 0 and solving for x. 2) The horizontal asymptotes by determining if the degree of the numerator (n) is less than, equal to, or greater than the degree of the denominator (m). 3) Examples are worked through to find the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of various rational functions.

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anaella delacruz
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15 views15 pages

6.2 Vertical and Horizontal Asymptotes of Rational Functions

This document discusses how to find the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of rational functions. It provides examples of finding: 1) The vertical asymptotes by setting the denominator equal to 0 and solving for x. 2) The horizontal asymptotes by determining if the degree of the numerator (n) is less than, equal to, or greater than the degree of the denominator (m). 3) Examples are worked through to find the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of various rational functions.

Uploaded by

anaella delacruz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WHAT IS AN ?

FINDING THE VERTICAL ASYMPTOTES


They are the restrictions on the
x – values of a
reduced rational function. To find the
restrictions,
equate the denominator to 0 and
solve for x.
FINDING THE HORIZONTAL ASYMPTOTES
Let n be the degree of numerator and m be the
degree of denominator:
• n < m, y = 0
𝑎
• n = m, y = (*a & b are numerical coefficient)
𝑏
• n > m, there is no horizontal asymptote
FIND THE DEGREE OF POLYNOMIAL

5𝑥 1 𝑥2 −2𝑥5 −𝑥 5
𝑥 −4 1 𝑦2 −𝑦+1 2
2𝑥3 − 𝑥 − 4 3
8 0
FINDING THE ASYMPTOTES
𝟑
𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒙−𝟓
𝑥−5=0
𝑥=5
𝒏<𝒎

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 vertical asymptote is 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 horizontal asymptote


x = 5. is y = 0.
FINDING THE ASYMPTOTES
𝟒𝒙 −𝟐
𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒙+𝟐
𝑥+2=0 𝑎 4
𝑥 = −2 𝒏=𝒎 𝑏
=
1
=4

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 vertical asymptote is 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 horizontal asymptote


x = -2. is y = 4.
FINDING THE ASYMPTOTES
𝟑𝒙+𝟒
2𝑥 + 1 (𝑥 + 1) 𝒇 𝒙 =
𝟐𝒙𝟐+𝟑𝒙+𝟏
2𝑥 + 1 = 0 (𝑥 + 1 = 0)
1
𝑥=− , 𝑥 = −1 𝒏<𝒎
2

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 vertical asymptotes 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 horizontal asymptote


𝟏
are 𝒙 = − and x = -1. is y = 0.
𝟐
FINDING THE ASYMPTOTES
𝟒𝒙𝟑 −𝟏
3𝑥 + 5 (𝑥 − 1) 𝒇 𝒙 =
𝟑𝒙𝟐+𝟐𝒙 − 𝟓
3𝑥 + 5 = 0 (𝑥 − 1 = 0)
5
𝑥=− , 𝑥=1 𝒏>𝒎
3

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 vertical asymptotes 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑜 horizontal


𝟓
are 𝒙 = − and x = 1. asymptote for the given function.
𝟑
FINDING THE ASYMPTOTES
𝟐
𝒙 −𝟒𝒙+𝟑 (𝒙 −𝟏)(𝒙 −𝟑)
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒙𝟐− 𝟓𝒙+𝟒 (𝒙 −𝟏)(𝒙 −𝟒)
𝑥−4=0
𝑎 1
𝑥=4 𝒏=𝒎 𝑏
=
1
=1

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 vertical asymptote is 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 horizontal asymptote


x = 4. is y = 1.
Thank you

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