CONTENTS

1. AIM OF THE PROJECT THEORY

2. INTRODUCTION

3. DEMAND OF HOUSES

4. CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDING BASED ON OCCUPANCY

5. SELECTION OF PLOT AND STUDY

6. SURVEY OF SITE FOR PROPOSED BUILDING

7. RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

a) LIMITATIONS OF BUILT UP AREA

b) MINIMUM FLOOR AREA AND HEIGHT OF ROOMS

8. BUILDING BYE LAWS AND REGULATIONS

9. ARRANGEMENT OF ROOMS

DESINGS

10. DESING OF SLAB

11. DESING OF BEAM

a) FRAME ANALYSIS

12. DESING OF COLUMN

13. DESING OF FOOTING

DRAWINGS

14. PLAN

15. BEAM

16. FOOTING

17. PHOTOS

CONCLUSION
AIM OF THE PROJECT
The aim of the project is to design and estimation of
two storey residential building at Lucknow
INTRODUCTION
 INTRODUCTION

The basics needs of human existences are food, clothing’s & shelter. From
times immemorial man has been making efforts in improving their standard of
living. The point of his efforts has been to provide an economic and efficient
shelter. The possession of shelter besides being a basic, used, gives a feeling of
security, responsibility and shown the social status of man.

Every human being has an inherent liking for a peaceful environment

needed for his pleasant living, this object is achieved by having a place of living
situated at the safe and convenient location, such a place for comfortable and
pleasant living requires considered and kept in view.

• A Peaceful environment.

• Safety from all natural source & climate conditions

. • General facilities for community of his residential area.

The engineer has to keep in mind the municipal conditions, building bye
laws, environment, financial capacity, water supply, sewage arrangement,
provision of future, aeration, ventilation etc., in suggestion a particular type of
plan to any client.
DEMAND OF HOUSES
The house is the first unit of the society and it is the primary unit of human
habitation. The house is built to grant the protection against wind, weathers,
and to give insurance against physical insecurity of all kinds.

The special features of the demand for housing consists of in its unique nature
and depend on the following factors.

• Availability of cheap finance.

• Availability of skilled labours.

• Availability of transport facility.

• Cost of labours & material of construction.

• Predictions of future demand.

• Rate of interest on investment e. g., low rates of interest with facilities of

long term payment may facilities investment in housing.

• Rate of population growth and urbanization.

• Supply of developed plots at reasonable prices.

• Taxation policy on real estates

• Town planning & environmental conditions.

CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS BASED ON OCCUPANCY

GROUP-A RESIDENSIAL BUILDINGS

GROUP-B EDUCATIONAL BUILDINGS

GROUP-C INSTITUTIONAL BULIDINGS

GROUP-D ASSEMBLY BUILDINGS

GROUP-E BUSINESS BUILDINGS

GROUP-F MERCANTILE BUILDINGS

GROUP-G INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS

GROUP-H STORAGE BUILDINGS

GROUP-I HAZARDOUS BUILDINGS

RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS:

These building include any building in which sleeping accommodation provide

for normal residential purposes, with or without cooking and dining facilities.It
includes single or multifamily dwellings, apartment houses, lodgings or
rooming houses, restaurants, hostels, dormitories and residential hostels.

EDUCATIONAL BUILDINGS:

These include any building used for school, college or day-care purposes
involving assembly for instruction, education or recreation and which is not
covered by assembly buildings.

INSTITUTIONAL BUILDINGS:

These buildings are used for different purposes, such as medical or other
treatment or care of persons suffering from physical or mental illness, diseases
or infirmity, care of infants, convalescents or aged persons and for penal
detention in which the liberty of the inmates is restricted. Institutional
buildings ordinarily provide sleeping accommodation for the occupants.

ASSEMBLY BUILDINGS:

These are the buildings where groups of people meet or gather for
amusement, recreation, social, religious, assembly halls, city halls, marriage
halls, exhibition halls, museums, places of work ship, etc.

BUSINESS BUILDINGS:

These buildings are used for transaction of business, for keeping of accounts
and records and for similar purposes, offices, banks, professional
establishments, courts houses, libraries. The principal function of these
buildings is transaction of public business and keeping of books and records.

MERCANTILE BUILDINGS:

These buildings are used as shops, stores, market, for display an sale of
merchandise either wholesale or retail, office, shops, storage service facilities
incidental to the sale of merchandise and located in the same building.
INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS:

These are buildings where products or materials of all kinds and properties are
fabrication, assembled, manufactured or processed, as assembly plant,
laboratories, dry cleaning plants, power plants, pumping stations, smoke
houses, laundries etc.

STORAGE BUILDINGS:

These buildings are used primarily for the storage or sheltering of goods, wares
or merchandise vehicles and animals, as warehouses, cold storage, garages,
trucks.

HAZARDOUS BUILDINGS:

These buildings are used for the storage, handling, manufacture or processing
of highly combustible or explosive materials or products which are liable to
burn with extreme rapidly and/or which may produce poisonous elements for
storage handling, acids or other liquids or chemicals producing flames, fumes
and ex plosive, poisonous, irritant or corrosive gases processing of any material
producing explosive mixtures of dust which result in the division of matter into
fine particles subjected to spontaneous ignition.
 SELECTION OF PLOT AND STUDY
Selection of plot is very important for buildings a house. Site should be in
good place where there community but service is convenient but not so closed
that becomes a source of inconvenience or noisy. The conventional
transportation is important not only because of present need but for retention
of property value in future closely related to are transportation, shopping,
facilities also necessary. One should observe the road condition whether there
is indication of future development or not in case of un developed area.

The factor to be considered while selecting the building site are as

follows:-

• Access to park & play ground.

• Agriculture polytonality of the land.

• Availability of public utility services, especially water, electricity & sewage

disposal.

• Contour of land in relation the building cost. Cost of land .

• Distance from places of work.

• Ease of drainage.

• Location with respect to school, collage & public buildings.

• Nature of use of adjacent area.

• Transport facilities.

• Wind velocity and direction.

 SURVEY OF THE SITE FOR PROPOSED BUILDING
Reconnaissance survey: the following has been observed during
reconnaissance survey of the site.

• Site is located nearly.

• The site is very clear planned without ably dry grass and other throne plats
over the entire area.

• No leveling is require since the land is must uniformly level.

• The ground is soft.

• Labour available near by the site.

• Houses are located near by the site.

• Detailed survey: the detailed survey has been done to determine the
boundaries of the required areas of the site with the help of theodolite and
compass.
 RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
Requirement for residential accommodation are different for different classes
of people & depends on the income &status of the individual a highly rich
family with require a luxurious building, while a poor man we satisfied with a
single room house for even poor class family.

A standard residential building of bungalow type with has drawing room,

dining room office room, guest room, kitchen room, store, pantry, dressing
room, bath room, front verandah, stair etc., for other house the number of
rooms may be reduced according to the requirements of many available.

a)LIMITATION OF BUILT UP AREA

Area of plot up to 200sq.m (240sq.yd) ---- maximum permissible

built up area

Ground and first ---- 60% of site area on

floor only.

201 to 500sq.m (241to 600sq.yd) ---- 50% of the site area.

501 to 1000sq.m (601 to 1200sq.yd) ---- 40% of the site area

More than 1000sq.m ---- 33% of the site area.

 b)MINIMUM FLOOR AREA & HEIGHT OF ROOMS

FLOOR AREA HIEGHT (m)

LIVING 10sqm (100sqft)

(breadth min 2.7 m or 9’) 3.3 (11’)

KITCHEN 6sqm (60sqft) 3.0 (10’)

BATH 2sqm (20sqft) 2.7 (9’)

LATTRINE 1.6sqm (16sqft) 2.7 (9’)

BATH & WATER CLOSET 3.6sqm (36sqft) 2.7 (9’)

SERVANT ROOM 10sqm (100sqft) 3.0 (10’)

GARAGE 2.5*4.8 m (8’*16’) 3.0 (10’)

MIN. HIEGHT OF PLINTH

FOR MAIN BUILDING ------- 0.6 (2’)

MIN. HIEGHT OF PLINTH FOR

SERVANT QUARTES ------- 0.3 (1’)

MIN. DEPTH OF FOUNDATION ------- 0.9 (3’)

THICKNESS OF WALL 20cms to 30cms ------

(9” to13.5”)

DAMP PROOF COURSE 2cms to 2.5cms thick full width of

(3/4” to1”) plinth wall

 BUILDING BYE LAWS & REGULATIONS
• Line of building frontage and minimum plot sizes.

• Open spaces around residential building.

• Minimum standard dimensions of building elements.

• Provisions for lighting and ventilation.

• Provisions for safety from explosion.

• Provisions for means of access.

• Provisions for drainage and sanitation.

• Provisions for safety of works against hazards.

• Requirements for off-street parking spaces.

• Requirements for landscaping.

• Special requirements for low income housing.

• Size of structural elements.

ARRANGEMENT OF ROOMS
LIVING ROOM

• KITCHEN

• STORE ROOM

• BED ROOM

• OFFICE ROOM

• BATH & W C

• DRESSING ROOM

• VERANDAH

• STAIR CASE
LIVING ROOMS:

This is the area is for general use. Hence the living & drawing room should be
planned near the entrance south east aspects. During colder day the sun is
towards the south & will receive sunshine which is a welcoming feature.
During summer sunshine ti the northern side & entry of sunrays from southern
or south – east aspects do not arise.

KITCHEN:

Eastern aspects to admit morning sun to refresh & purity the air.

READING ROOM/ CLASS ROOM:

North aspects this makes more suitable since there will be no sun from north
side for most part of the year.

BED ROOM:

Bed may also be provided with attached toilets, there size depends upon the
number of beds, they should be located so as to give privacy & should
accommodate beds, chair, cupboard, etc., and they should have north or –
west south – west aspect.

BATH & W.C:

Bath and w.c are usually combined in one room & attached to the bed room
and should be well finished. This should be filled with bath tub, shower, wash-
hand basin, w.c, shelves, towels, racks brackets, etc., all of white glazed tiles.
Floor should be mosaic or white glazed files. Instead of providing all bed room
with attached bath and W.C separated baths & latrines may also be provided

VERANDAH:

There should verandah in the front as well as in the rear. The front verandah
serves setting place for male members & weighting place for visitors. The back
verandah serve a ladies apartment for there sitting, working controlling,
kitchen works etc., verandah project the room against direct sun, rain &
weather effect. They used as sleeping place during the summer and rainy
season & are used to keep various things verandah also give appearance to the
building. The area of a building may vary from 10% to 20% of the building.
STAIR CASE:

This should be located in a easily accessible to all members of the family, when
this is intended for visitors it should be in the front, may be on one side of
verandah. It meant for family use only, the staircase should be placed the rear.
The stairs case should be well ventilated & lighted the middle to make it easy &
comfortable to climb. Rises & threads should be uniform through to keep
rhythm while climbing or descending.

Some helpful points regarding the orientation of a building are as follows:-

• Long wall of the building should face north south, short wall should face.

• East and west because if the long walls are provided in east facing, the wall.

• Absorb more heat of sun which causes discomfort during night.

• A verandah or balcony can be provided to wards east & west to keep the
rooms cool.

• To prevent sun’s rays & rain from entering a room through external doors &
windows sunshades are required in all directions.
 ORIENTATION

After having selected the site, the next step is proper orientation of building.
Orientation means proper placement of rooms in relation to sun, wind, rain,
topography and out look and at the same time providing a convenient access
both to the street and back yard.

The factors that effect orientation most are as follows.

• Solar heat

• Wind direction

• Humidity

• Rain fall

• Intensity of wind site condition

• Lightings and ventilation

SOLAR HEAT:

Solar heat means sun’s heat, the building should receive maximum solar
radiation in winter and minimum in summer. For evaluation of solar radiation,
it is essential to know the duration of sunshine and hourly solar intensity on
exposed surfaces.

WIND DIRECTION:

The winds in winter are avoided and are in summer, they are accepted in the
house to the maximum extent.

HUMIDITY:

High humidity which is common phenomenon is in coastal areas, causes

perspiration, which is very uncomfortable condition from the human body and
causes more disomfort.

RAIN FALL:

Direction and intensity of rainfall effects the drainage of the site and building
and hence, it is very important from orientation point of view.

INTENSITY OF WIND:

Intensity of wind in hilly regions is high and as such window openings of

comparatively small size are recommended in such regions.

SITE CONDITIONS:

Location of site in rural areas, suburban areas or urban areas also effects
orientation, sometimes to achieve maximum benefits, the building has to be
oriented in a particular direction.

LIGHTING:

Good lighting is necessary for all buildings and three primary aims. The first is
to promote the work or other activities carried on within the building. The
second is to promote the safety of people using the buildings. The third is to
create, in conjunction to interest and of well beings.
VENTILATION:

Ventilation may be defined as the system of supplying or removing air by

natural or mechanical mean or from any enclosed space to create and
maintain comfortable conditions. Operation of building and location to
windows helps in providing proper ventilation. A sensation of comfort,
reduction in humidity, removal of heat, supply of oxygen are the basic
requirements in ventilation apart from reduction of dust
 DESIGNS
• DESIGN OF FOOTINGS

• DESIGN OF SLABS

• LOADS ON BEAMS

• DESIGN OF BEAMS

• LOADS OF COLUMNS

• DESIGN OF COLOUMNS
DESIGNS
 DESIGN OF FOOTINGS
Depth of Foundation

Df = (P0/γ) *((1-sinΦ)/(1+sinΦ))2

Where,

Df = minimum depth of foundation in meters

P0 = Bearing capacity of soil in lucknow is 100KN/m2

γ = Density of soil = 16.8 KN/m3

Φ = angle of repose of the soil =30o

Df = (100/16.8)*((1-sin30)/(1+sin30))2 = 0.66 m

Adopt depth of the foundation = 0.7 m

Total load per meter length of wall = 27.574 KN/m

Total load for 2 floor = 27.574 * 2 = 55148 N/m

Assumed 10% of W for self weight of the foundation = 10% of 55148

= 5514.8 N/m

Design load per meter =55148+5514.8

=60662.8 N/m

Width of foundation

B= Total design load/safe bearing capacity

=60662.8/100*103

= 606.62=610mm
Depth of concrete bed-block

d = (3Px2/mr)1/2

P =Net upward pressure KN/m3

mr =safe modules of rapture of concrete mix used in N/mm 2 (1:4:8=0.246

N/mm2)

x= Projection of concrete block on either of the power most course of wall

footing in meter (100 to 150mm)

d= (3*100*0.1252*1000/.246)1/2 =4.36 cm=43.6mm

=138.03mm

*To calculate load per meter carried by wall:

A. Self wt. of wall.

B. Load due to roofing.

C. Load due to floors.

Self wt. of foundation

Self wt. of wall per meter :

=L*B*H*wt. per m3 of masonry

=1*0.3*6.75*19200

=38880 N

Load due to roofing per meter:

Self wt. of 150mm thick slab =0.150*25000=3750 N/m 2

Wt. of 100mm thick concrete terracing=.0100*19200=1920 N/m 2

Live load = 1500N/m2

Total load = 7170 N/m2

As the maximum span between wall is 5.02 m

Load per meter on each wall=7170*5.02/2 =17996.7 N

4)Load due to floors:- As the building is two storied , the live load on the floors
will be reduced as:-

Number of floors carried by member %Reduction of total live load on

all

Under consideration floors above the member under

consideration

1--------------- 0

2--------------- 10%

3--------------- 20%

Hence the calculation for dead load and live load are made separately.

Dead load as per sq.m due to floor slab consists of the following

Self wt. of 150mm thick slab= 0.150*25000=3750 N/m 2

Wt. of 25mm terrazzo flooring=0.025*24000=600 N/m 2

Total = 4350 N/m2

Dead load due to each floor on wall per metre =4350*5.02/2 =10918.5 N/m

Live load per metre due to first floor =2000*(5.02/2)*(90/100)=4518 N/m

Hence total live load and dead load due to floor= 4518+10918.5

=15436.5 N/m

Total load (dead+live) per meter length of wall=38880+17996.7+15436.5

= 72313.2 N/m

Design of footing:

Total load on footing=W= 72313.2 N/m

Assume 10% of wt. of foundation=72313.2*10/100

 =7231.32 N/m

Total design load per meter= 72313.2+7231.32=79544.52 N/m

Width of foundation

B= 79.544/100=0.795m=795mm

B=800mm

Width of foundation from practical consideration

Let the projection of concrete bed block from the lower most course of footing
be x=110mm

B= 2*b+2x

=2*300+2*125=850mm

850mm is greater than 800mm.

B = 850mm

The depth of cone block is found already

d= 138.03mm150mm

Depth of foundation

D.P= 0.7mm
 Design of Column
TYPE OF LOAD ROOF LOAD FLOOR LOAD

WALL LOAD (5.02+3.65)/2*0.105*19 (5.02+3.65)/2*0.25*3*19

=8.64 KN =61.77 KN

SLAB LOAD (5.02+3.65)/2*9.5 (5.02+3.65)/2*9.5

=41.182 KN =41.182 KN

SELF WEIGHT (0.25*0.41)*(5.02+3.65)/2*25 (0.25*0.41)*(5.02+3.65)/2*25

BEAM
=11.108 KN =11.108 KN

TOTAL =60.93 KN =114.06 KN

Self weight of column = 0.25*3*25 =18.75 KN

Total Load =114.06 KN

Pu/(Fck*bd)=114.06*1000*20*350*450

=0.30

CALCULATION OF ECENTRICITY
E=L/500+B/30

=450/500+300/30

10.9mm<20mm

Mue=Pu*e

=114.06*0.016

= 4.55Kn-m

Mue/Fck*b*d*d= 4.55*10^6/20*450*300*300

= 0.0056

For required value= 0.001

P/Fck = 0.01

=0.01*25

25%

Minimum Steel= 0.8%

Area of steel= 0.8*bd/100

=(0.8*300*450)/100

=1080mm

No. Of bars for 16mm dia-

=1080*(22/7)/4*16*16

=5.3

=6 bars

Stirrups Spacing

A. 16 mm dia of main reinforcement=16*12=192

B. 48 dia=48*12=516mm

C. Provide 8mm dia@192mm c/c when main bar is 16 mm

DESIGN OF SLAB
• Slabs are to be designed under limit state method by reference of IS
456:2000.

• • When the slab are supported in two way direction it acts as two way
supported slab.

• • A two way slab is economical compared to one way slab.

• SLAB DESIGN:

• fck = 20 N/mm2 fy =415 N/m2

• Span i. Shorter span:- Lx = 3.65m

• longer span:-Ly =5.02m

• ii. Check Lx/Ly= 5.02/3.65 =1.37<2

• Hence the slab has to be designed as “two way slab”.

• iii. Providing over all depth of slab as 5”, 130mm

• eff. depth= D-20-Ø/2 = 130-20-10/2=105mm

• iv. Condition:- supported on four sides.

• Lx=3.65+0.130=3.78m

• Ly=5.02+0.130=5.15m

• Effective span = 5.15/3.78=1.36<2

• Hence two way slab

• v . Load calculation:-

• Dead load = 25x0.13x1 = 3.25KN/m

• Live load =3x1 = 3.0KN/m

• Floor finish =1x1 = 1x1KN/m

• Total load = 7.25 KN/m

• Factored load= 1.5*7.25=10.87 KN/m

 Bending moment calculation:- (as per IS code 456-2000)

• End condition: Two adjacent edges of slab are discontinuous

• Moment coefficient ax ay

• For negative B.M 0.068 0.047

• For positive B.M 0.051 0.035

• (ax is decided by Ly/Lx effective ratio from code)

• (+ve) B.M at mid span in shorter directions.

• Mx(+) = ax(+)wlx2 = 0.051x10.87x3.78^2= 7.92kn-m

• Spacing and diameter: As per sp-16.

• Provide 8mmØ bars at mid span.

• Spacing=((22/7)*d*d*b)/Ast=229.99

• Providing 8mm bar @240mm c/c

• (-ve) B.M at continuous edge in shorter direction.

• Mx(-) =ax (-) wlx2 =0.068x10.87x(3.78)^2=10.56kn-m

• (+ve) B.M at mid span in longer directions.

• My(+)= ay(+)wlx2= 0.035x10.87x(3.78)^2=5.43kn-m

• (-ve) B.M at continuous edge in longer ddirection.

• My(-ve) = ay (-ve)wlx2 =0.035x10.87x(3.78)^2 =5.43kn-m

• Check for depth:

• Permissible depth=100mm

• Mu.lim =0.36(Xumax)/d((1-0.42Xumax)/d)*fckbd^2
11.88x10^6= 0.36.Xumax (1-0.42x0.48)20x1000d^2

• d= 84.71 < 100mm Hence ok.

Design of Beam
Beam span = 5m (longer span)

Assuming a trail total depth of 400mm (1/10 to 1/16) and b is 250mm

Effective depth d= 400 – 50 = 350mm ( assume effective cover 50mm)

Effective span = center to centre of the support = 5-0.25= 4.75m

Load Calculation

Wall load = B × D × Density of brick = 0.25 × 3 × 19 = 14.25 KN/m

Self load = B × D × Density = 0.25 × 0.35 × 25 = 2.18KN/m

Slab load W = 7.25KN

Total load = 14.25 + 2.18 + 7.25

= 23.68 KN

Design Load = 23.68 × 1.5 = 35.52 KN/m

Wa = 35.52 KN/m

Bending Moments

Ma = (WaL^2)/8 = ( 35.52 × 5^2)/8 = 111 KN-m

Minimum effective depth required

Xa max/d = 0.48

Ra = 0.36 fck.( Xa Max)/d × ( 1 – 0.42 Xa Max)/ D

= 0.36 × 20 × 0.48 × ( 1 – 0.42 × 0.48 )

= 2.75

Dreq = √(Ma)/Ra.b = √(111 × 10^6)/2.75 × 250

= 401.81mm > 350 Hence OK

D = 410mm

Area Of steel
Ma= 0.87fy × Ast × d ( 1 – fy.Ast/ bd.fck )

111 × 10^6 = 0.87 × 4.5 × Ast × 410 { 1 – (415.Ast)/250 × 410 × 20}

111 × 10^6 = 148030.5 Ast ×Ast – 29.96 × Ast^2

29.96×Ast^2 – 148030.5A×Ast + 111 × 10^6 = 0

Ast = 921.83 mm²

Minimum area of steel As

As = 0.85bd/fy = ( 0.85 × 250 × 410)/415

= 209.93 < 921.83 mm² Hence OK

Area of One 20mm dia bar

AΦ = (π × 20^2)/4 = 314

Number of bars required Ast/AΦ = 921.83/314

= 3bars

Provide 3 – 20mm dia bars

Ast Provided = 3 × 314 = 942mm²

Design for shear

Vu = ( Wu×L)/2 = (35.52 × 4.75)/2 = 84.36 KN

Nominal shear (τv )

τv= Vu/bd = 84360/(250×410) = 0.82N/mm²

Design shear strength of concrete (τv)

Pt = (100 × Ast provide) / Bd = ( 100 × 942) / ( 250 × 410 ) = 0.91%

τc= 0.59 N/mm² < τc max. (τc max = 3.1N/mm² Table 5.3)

Since τv > τc hence shear reinforcement is required shear to be arried by

reinforcement

Vus = Vu – τcbd = 84360 – 0.59 × 250 × 410

 = 23885 N

Using 8mm Φ 2 pegged stirrups

Asu = ( 2 × π × 8^2 ) / 4

= 100.53mm²

Spacing of stirrups Sv = ( 0.87fy × Asrd ) / Vus

= ( 0.87 × 415 × 100.53 × 410 ) / 23885

Sv = 623.048mm

Max. Spacing as per minimum rainforcement

Sv = ( 0.87 × Ast × fy ) / 0.4b

= ( 0.87 × 100.53 × 415 ) / ( 0.4 × 250 )

= 362mm

The spacing should be least of the following

1. 0.75d = 0.75 × 410 = 307.5

2. 300mm

Since spacing Sv = 300mm

Provide 8mm Φ2 lgd c/c throughout the length of the beam

Provide 2 – 10 mm Φ anchor bar in compression zone

Design Summary

Beam size 250mm × 410mm

Main tensile bar = 3-20mm Φ bar of Fe415 grade

Shear Stirrups = 8mm Φ 2lgd @ 300mm c/c

Anchor bars = 2-10mm Φ

CONCLUSION
 We can conclude that there is difference between the theoretical and
practical work done. As the scope of understanding will be much more when
practical work is done. As we get more knowledge in such a situation where
we have great experience doing the practical work.

Knowing the loads we have designed the slabs depending upon the ratio of
longer to shorter span of panel. In this project we have designed slabs as two
way slabs depending upon the end condition, corresponding bending moment.
The coefficients have been calculated as per I.S. code methods for
corresponding lx/ly ratio. The calculations have been done for loads on beams
and columns and designed frame analysis by moment distribution method.
Here we have a very low bearing capacity, hard soil and isolated footing done.