4TH QUARTER MUSIC: OPERA, BALLET, AND MUSICAL PLAYS as Sisa, Milo Cristobal as Padre (Father/priest) Damaso, and

ristobal as Padre (Father/priest) Damaso, and Morli Daram

I. OPERA IN THE PHILIPPINES as the director.
Opera is an art and music form in which singers and musicians perform a III. EL FILIBUSTERISMO, THE OPERA
dramatic work combining text (called a libretto) and a musical score, usually in an The opera El Filibusterismo was composed by National Artist Felipe Padilla
elaborate theatrical setting. It incorporates many of the elements of spoken theater, De Leon in 1970, with libretto by Anthony Morli. It was in three acts and
such as acting, scenery, costumes, and sometimes includes dance. The written in Tagalog. The casts included Fides Cuyugan-Asensio as Paulita,
performance is typically given in an opera house, cultural center, theater, or Constancio Bernardo as Simoun, and Irma Potenciano as Juli. It was
auditorium. It is accompanied by an orchestra or smaller musical ensemble. The staged at the Cultural Center of the Philippines.
dialogue is entirely sung and not spoken. Opera is part of the Western classical II. BALLET IN THE PHILIPPINES
music form and tradition. It started in Italy at the end of the 16th century and The medium of dance and ballet to interpret novels, folktales, and stories
soon spread through the rest of Europe. provides visual excitement as the characters come alive not in spoken dialogue but
Local theaters and early Philippine operas in body movements. Much of the communication is relayed in pantomime. It is a
Local theaters, including the Zorilla, Principe Alfonso, Variedades, Quiapo performance in which a story is told without words by using body movements and
and Tondo Theaters, were the choice venues for the mainly Italian operas that facial expressions. The lack of spoken words or sung lyrics is more than made up
came to the country, such as Lucia di Lammermoor, La Boheme, La Traviata, and for by the creative steps and arm gestures of the dancers. Their facial expressions
Aida. Later, other opera venues were established, led by the Manila Grand Opera and body movements add more meaning to the story being revealed. The
House and the Metropolitan Theater (Met). The first Filipino opera is said to be to performance is further enhanced by colorful costumes, elaborates sets, visually
Sandugong Panaginip by Pedro Paterno, a poet, novelist, musician, and suggestive music, and synchronized choreography. Together, the dance or ballet
government official. This was first presented at the Zorilla Theater on August 2, production makes for a complete drama by itself without a single word being
1902. It was later translated by the Englishman M.W. Loving with the title The spoken. Filipino ballets vividly present folktales based on local fables for example,
Dreamed Alliance. Subsequent Filipino operas followed sporadically, such as Lola Basyang as well as epics from neighboring regions, such as India’s Ramayana.
Lakangbini by Patricio Mariano that was staged at the Metropolitan Theater on Highly communicative movements and steps dramatize the actions in the
December 19, 1933.The establishment of the Cultural Center of the Philippines respective stories.
(CCP) by then First Lady Imelda Romualdez-Marcos in 1969 paved the way for A. TATLONG KUWENTO NI LOLA BASYANG Lola Basyang is a ballet
other Filipino operas to be staged at a legitimate venue of international standard. adaptation of Severino Reyes’ folktales Mga Kuwento ni Lola Basyang. It
I. LA LOBA NEGRA was meant to instill and rekindle the interest of the Filipino youth in the
La Loba Negra (The Black She-Wolf) is a three-act Filipino opera. Acts I and beauty, richness, and heritage of Philippine literature. The typical
II are based on history. Act III is based on a legend attributed to Fr. Jose storytelling scene shows the grandmother (Lola Basyang, the pen name of
Burgos. He was one of the three martyred priests, Gomez, Burgos, and the author) on a rocking chair with her grandchildren listening to her
Zamora who were executed in Bagumbayan (now Luneta) in 1872. The fascinating tales. Two episodes of such stories were presented by Ballet
music was composed by National Artist Francisco Feliciano, with libretto by Manila, with Lisa Macuja-Elizalde as the company’s Executive Director and
soprano Fides Cuyugan-Asensio. La Loba Negra was presented by the prima ballerina. Tatlong Kuwento ni Lola Basyang featured the following
Cultural Center of the Philippines in cooperation with the Asian Institute stories:
for Liturgy and Music at the CCP Main Theater from August 16 to 25, 1984 1. Ang Kapatid ng Tatlong Marya -This is a fantasy story set to neo-
and the 2nd season in 1985. Ms. Asensio alternated with Eleanor Calbes as ethnic music in a contemporary style. It is about a hero’s fantastic
Dona Luisa/La Loba. The story of La Loba Negra takes place during the journey to different kingdoms in pursuit of his bewitched sisters.
17th century of Spanish rule in the Philippines. It revolves around the 2. Ang Mahiwagang Biyulin -This is a local version of the Pied Piper
tragic assassination of Spanish Governor-General Bustamante. It also tale where the main character mesmerizes his followers through the
focused on the bitter reaction and planned vendetta (revenge) by his wife music of his violin. The story instills in them the moral lesson that
Doña Luisa (La Loba Negra) on the religious perpetrators. “good triumphs over evil.”
II. NOLI ME TANGERE, THE OPERA 3. Ang Prinsipe ng MgaIbon -This is a love story where a princess
The three-act opera Noli Me Tangere was composed by National Artist falls in love with a bird.
Felipe Padilla de Leon, with libretto by National Artist Guillermo Tolentino. The second episode, Tatlo Pang Kuwento ni Lola Basyang, included the following
It premiered in 1957 at the FEU Auditorium. The cast included Juanita stories:
Javier Torres as Maria Clara, Don David as Ibarra, Fides Cuyugan-Asensio
 1. Ang Palasyo ng Mga Dwende -This is a romantic adventure dramatic. The choreography and dance sequences provide visual breaks from the
wherein the heroine Yani is being maltreated by her envious ongoing plots.
stepmother and stepsisters. The cursed bird is changed back into a
prince with the help of Yani. It depicts Mindanao and the ancient A. International Musical Plays
Pintados through its neo-ethnic movements. Broadway musicals are family entertainment with themes and texts which
2. Labindalawang Masasayang Prinsesa -This is a romantic fantasy are generally light and easy to understand. These may include the problems of
of the twelve daughters of the king. The twelve daughters secretly everyday life, such as love and romance, social acceptance, jealousy and intrigue,
leave their bedroom at night to travel to an enchanted land and and adventure. The singing is usually amplified, unlike the operatic quality of
dance with the princes. classically trained voices. Several other musicals were adaptations of classical
3. Anting-Anting -This is a horror-comedy wherein the cowardly operas. Among these were Miss Saigon based on Puccini’s Madame Butterfly and
hero Huan tries to overcome his fears to win his love. The slapstick Aida from Verdi’s opera with the same title. While with the advent of technology,
comedy is enhanced by exaggerated movements as Huan is later modern productions like The Phantom of the Opera, Les Misérables, Beauty and
haunted by ghosts that add to his fears for which he looks for an the Beast, and Lion King have enthralled audiences with amazing set designs,
anting-anting (lucky charm) to ward them off. elaborate costumes, and computer-generated visual and sound effects. One
B. RAMA HARI Rama Hari, translated as King Rama, is the Philippine Filipino artist who attained international status on both London’s West End and
adaptation of the Indian epic Ramayana set to music, dance, and drama. Broadway is Lea Salonga. She is best known for her portrayal of Kim in the
Originally presented on February 8 to 17, 1980, the creative team consisted musical Miss Saigon, a role for which she won the prestigious Tony Award for
of Ryan Cayabyab (Music), National Artist Alice Reyes (Choreography), theater in the USA and the Laurence Olivier Award in London. Salonga is the first
National Artist Bienvenido Lumbera (Literature), and National Artist Filipina to have won various international awards for a single role.
Salvador Bernal (Theater Design), with the CCP Philharmonic Orchestra Miss Saigon is a musical by Claude-Michel Schönberg and Alain Boublil,
conducted by Cayabyab. The major roles were performed by Basil Valdez with lyrics by Richard Maltby, Jr. It is a modern adaptation of Giacomo Puccini’s
(Rama), Kuh Ledesma (Sita), and Leo Valdez (Ravana). opera Madame Butterfly, which also tells the tragic tale of a doomed romance
wherein an Asian woman is abandoned by her Caucasian lover. Following Miss
THE INDIAN EPIC BEHIND THE MUSICAL PRODUCTION Saigon, Salonga was the first Asian to play the role of Eponine in the musical Les
The Ramayana is one of the two great Indian epics that talk about Indian Misérables, based on the novel of the same title written in 1862 by the French
life around 1000 BC and how dharma was practiced. Later, it became a model of author Victor Hugo. She also played the role of Mei-Li in Flower Drum Song.
behavior for the whole Hindu population. Dharma is a type of behavior said to be The Phantom of the Opera is a broadway musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber
in accordance with the order that makes life and the universe possible. According and Richard Stilgoe, with lyrics by Charles Hart and music by Lloyd Webber. It is
to its meaning, it explains the expectations in fulfilling duties, respecting rights, based on the novel The Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux. The story focuses
observing proper conduct, practicing virtues, and maintaining a rightful way of on a beautiful singer Christine Daaé as she is seduced by a mysterious disfigured
living. musical genius known as The Phantom of the Opera. The Phantom of the Opera is
The story revolves around Prince Rama, the eldest son of Dasaratha, King one of the longest-running Broadway musicals of all time. At the 1988 Tony
of Ayodha, who had three wives and four sons – Rama, Bharata, and the twins Awards, the Broadway production was nominated for 11 awards and won seven,
Lakshmana and Satrughna. Rama considered the incarnation of the Hindu god including the coveted Best Musical award. The musical also won seven awards at
Vishnu. He was in line to the throne after his father decided to retire. But the the 1988 Drama Desk Awards. Les Misérables Les Misérables, known as “Les Mis,”
intercession from his stepmother prevented this succession. She relied on the is a musical composed in 1980 by French composer Claude-Michel Schönberg with
king’s promise to her that he would grant any two wishes she desired. She opted to libretto by Alain Boublil. It is based on the novel Les Misérables by Victor Hugo. It
have Rama banished to the forest for 14 years. She wanted to have her own son is perhaps the most famous of all French musicals and one of the most famous
and Rama’s younger stepbrother, Bharata, to ascend the throne despite the king’s musicals performed worldwide. Les Misérables tells the story of paroled convict
pleadings. Jean Valjean who, failing attempts to find work as an honest man, breaks his
chains and conceals his identity to live his life again.
III. MUSICAL PLAYS B. Musical Plays in the Philippines
The musical play is a popular and generally lighter form of musical drama In the Philippines, the musical play is a more recent development than
than the opera. The themes are usually more contemporary, and the musical Broadway and West End, relying mostly on adaptations from novels, literary
melodies more manageable by the average singer. The acting is less intense and works, or biographical sketches of famous artists.
 1. ANDRES BONIFACIO, ANG DAKILANG ANAK-PAWIS, THE MUSICAL The through song and/or dance. The Philippines has a rich and thriving theater
musical play Andres Bonifacio: Ang Dakilang Anak-Pawis is a five-act work industry that you may be interested to venture into in the future. Productions
commissioned by Alfonso Puyat in 1979, depicting the life of revolutionary hero range from original plays with Philippine themes and settings, to renowned theater
Andres Bonifacio. It was co-produced by the Cultural Center of the Philippines and classics from past centuries to contemporary musicals from Broadway or London’s
the Andres Bonifacio Music Foundation, Inc., and was staged again at the CCP West End. Below is an overview of some of the more prominent theater and
Main Theater on August 20 and 21, 1994 with Jerry Dadap as composer-conductor performing groups in the country and their major productions.
and the late Elmo Makil as Bonifacio. I. Performing Theater Groups in the Philippines
2. ATANG - DULANG MAY MUSIKA Atang - Dulang May Musika is a 1. PETA and Tanghalang
musical based on the life of the first superstar of the Philippines, Atang de la Pilipino with the American presence in the Philippines for the first half of
Rama. the 20th century, it was inevitable that many U.S. and European theater forms
3.Atang, The Musical The musical play Atang, written by Floy Quintos, and scripts found their way here. Among them were the classics, such as the plays
directed by Alexander Cortes, and with music by Von de Guzman, was shown at of William Shakespeare, as well as the works of great American playwrights. At the
the Guerrero Theater, Palma Hall in UP. same time, local theater groups staged original Philippine zarzuelas which were
4.KATY! THE MUSICAL The musical Katy! is about the life of bodabil plays performed in song, like the European opera. In the past few decades, modern
(vaudeville) star Katy de la Cruz. It was initially presented by Actors Studio East theater groups have continued to express the distinctly Philippine interpretation of
Production in 1988. The play commissioned Ryan Cayabyab for the music and both originally written plays as well as adaptations of foreign works translated into
Jose Javier Reyes for the lyrics. It starred Mitch Valdes in the title role. Filipino. At the forefront of these are the Philippine Educational Theater
5.FLORANTE AT LAURA, THE MUSICAL The musical Florante at Laura was Association (PETA), founded in 1967 by Cecile Guidote-Alvarez, and Tanghalang
presented by Tanghalang Pilipino at the CCP Little Theater (Tanghalang Aurelio Pilipino, the resident theater company of the Cultural Center of the Philippines,
Tolentino) from July 7 to 24, 1988. This was in celebration of the 200th birth founded in 1987. The productions of these groups span the range from daring new
anniversary of the author Francisco BalagtasBaltazar. The musical was selected as presentations of classical works, to the spectacle of Philippine myths and legends,
the official Philippine entry to the first ASEAN Theater Festival in August 1988. to commentaries on current social and political issues. Meanwhile, other Philippine
6.DARAGANG MAGAYON The musical play Daragang Magayon is a theater groups are also staging original and adapted plays and musical
production for poetry and mixed media for male and female narrators, female productions, primarily in English. Best known among these are Repertory
voice, two percussionists, two pianists, and two dancers. It was first presented at Philippines, Trumpets, and New Voice Company. More recently, Theater Down
the Cultural Center of the Philippines Loading Dock in March 1991. It was South has been added to their roster. And championing the cause of the more
produced by the CCP Women’s Desk and the Coordinating Center for Dance to classical form of musical performances is the Philippine Opera Company.
mark Women’s Month based on a poem by Merlinda C. Bobis. 2. Repertory Philippines
7.NOLI ME TANGERE, THE MUSICAL The musical play Noli Me Tangere In 1967, theater director Zenaida Amador fulfilled her dream of bringing the
was staged at the CCP Little Theater from February 1 to 4, 1996 as a production of best of Broadwayand London’s West End to Filipino audiences. Together with
Tanghalang Pilipino. actress Baby Barredo, Amador established Repertory Philippines, a company that
8.EL FILIBUSTERISMO, THE MUSICAL The musical play El Filibusterismo not only staged English-language plays and musicals yearround but trained actors
is a two-act play that was staged at the CCP Main Theater from August 8 to 10, and actresses as well. The company continues with this vision to this day. Multi-
1997 as a production of Tanghalang Pilipino. awarded theater actress and singer, Lea Salonga, in fact, began her career as a
9.MAGSIMULA KA, THE MUSICAL The musical play Magsimula Ka by child leadin productions of Repertory Philippines. From there, she went on to
Gines Tan was staged at the CCP Main Theater from April 7 to 24, 1988. As the become an international stage superstar in the lead role of Kim in Miss Saigon—
winner of the CCP Playwriting Contest in 1983, it became one of the longest putting the Philippines on the world map in terms of theater talent. Also, among
running musicals at the CCP Repertory’s many notable achievements was the 1993 staging of the international
hit musical Les Miserables in Manila with an all-Filipino cast and production team.
4TH QUARTER ARTS: THEATER In its 2009 season, Repertory added a Filipino classic in English to its productions
Theater is the one major art form that brings together all the other art —A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino, by National Artist Nick Joaquin. To date, it
forms—from painting and sculpture to installation art, to music, to dance, to continues to offer a mix of productions ranging from literary classics to
literature, even to computer arts—in a single production. A story is acted out on contemporary satires, comedies, and musicals.
stage (or other performance area) by actors portraying the characters, bringing 3. Trumpets
them to life and developing the plot through dialogue and actions, and sometimes
 In the 1990s, the Philippine theater group Trumpets also began mounting with the set, lighting, sound, costume/makeup designers, and the
grand productions of originally written musicals with a slant towards good values choreographer (if the play involves dance) to create the envisioned total
for children and the whole family. Among their plays have been Joseph the effect.
Dreamer; First Name; The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe; Little Mermaid; 3. Playwright – For a script intended for stage performance, the writer of the
Honk; N.O.A.H.; and The Bluebird of Happiness. The intention of Trumpets is to script is more specifically called a playwright. The script forms the basis of
provide wholesome theater experiences for Filipino youth while also building up the entire production. It contains the exact lines of dialogue that each
the Philippine theatergoing public. character will memorize and deliver on stage, often with notes on tone of
4. New Voice Company voice, facial expression, and even movement or blocking. It also provides a
Also making its own distinct contribution to the Philippine theater scene is clear description of the set, props, and lighting to be used in each scene.
New Voice Company, established in 1994 by Monique Wilson—also a Repertory 4. Set designer – The concept and creation of the physical stage setup is the
Philippines’ protégée who went on to star on the international stage. New Voice has task of the set designer. He or she builds the set (or sets) that will simulate
earned a reputation for staging thought-provoking productions on daring and deep the world that the play’s characters are supposed to live in.
topics. 5. Lighting designer – Coordinating closely with the set designer is the lighting
5. Philippine Opera Company designer. Lighting is critical in creating the mood of each scene in the play,
The Philippine Opera Company (POC) was founded in 1999 by a group of highlighting a dramatic moment, signaling the entrance of a character,
dedicated classically trained singers, led by soprano Karla Gutierrez as artistic focusing attention on a specific spot-on stage, or even providing the blanket
directress. The POC seeks to develop performers as well as audiences for classical of darkness for set and prop changes. Colored lights or filters may be used,
music performances, both foreign and Filipino. as well as special effects such as gradual dimming or brightening, a
6. Theater Down South speckled effect like sunlight through leaves, or flickering lights.
In 2007, Theater Down South was founded, with Philippine theater 6. Costume designer – The actors and actresses must look believable in their
mainstay Michael Williams as artistic director. The vision of the company is to roles, and much of this is owed to the costume designer. He or she studies
widen the reach of stage productions beyond the traditional centers within Metro the general setting (time and place) that the play is meant to take place in,
Manila, and therefore develop a broader audience base. as well as each character in the script. He or she then decides what attire
will not only give the audience a clear sense of the setting but will also
II. ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION express each character’s personality and distinct qualities.
Most visible on stage in a theater production are the actors and actresses 7. Sound designer – Similar to the lighting designer, the sound designer serves
playing their roles. However, behind the scenes is an entire team whose work a vital role in creating and enhancing the atmosphere of the performance.
begins months in advance of the actual performance. It is they who support the Sound, in this case, includes music both on stage and as background,
actors and enable them to truly bring the play to life. While the members of this which the sound designer may need to source to suit the general time and
team may vary depending on how complex or simple the production is, below are place of the play, as well as scenes. Also involved are special sound effects
the basic roles that most plays require. like thunder, birds chirping, rushing water, gunfire, passing cars,
1. Producer – In a professional stage production, this is the person who takes approaching footsteps, and the like.
the play from a mere concept to an actual finished presentation. He or she 8. Production manager – Coordinating all the complex behind-the-scenes
chooses all the team members and assigns them their functions and details of staging a play is the production manager. He or she is tasked with
oversees the casting of the actors and actresses for the different roles. He or overseeing the crews for the sets and props, the sound and music, the
she also decides on major logistical matters like when and where the play lighting, and the costumes. This includes ensuring that all the needed
will be staged, the production schedule, and in most cases either finances elements, facilities, and equipment are not only available, but are in good
all the production costs or else sources the funds needed. working order, properly catalogued and labelled, and safely stored from one
2. Director – The director is the overall artistic coordinator of the entire rehearsal to the next, up until the time of the performance.
production. Like a conductor of an orchestra, he or she has a vision of the 9. Technical director – The technical director shadows the play’s director
desired total effect and impact of the performance. Throughout the play’s throughout the entire production process. From the time the director
rehearsals, the director instructs and guides the actors as to the delivery of presents his or her vision for the play and issues instructions at every
their lines of dialogue; their positions and movements on stage (called rehearsal, the technical director carefully notes how each actor, and every
“blocking”); the thoughts or feelings they are to convey through tone of member of the stage, sound, lighting, and costume crews need to be
voice, facial expression, and gestures. The director also coordinates closely
 coordinated to bring the director’s vision to life—ensuring that every body fat accumulation influences a person’s health risk. The risk is lower for those
instruction is properly executed. who have fat distributed more around the hips and thighs (called gynoid obesity
10. Choreographer – In cases where a play involves dance in certain scenes, a and commonly referred to as a pear-shaped physique) than for those who carry fat
choreographer is included in the production team. He or she not only plans on the trunk or abdominal area (called android obesity, commonly called an apple-
out all the dance steps to suit the music, but also rehearses the actors until shaped physique). Because of the concern with abdominal obesity, waist
they are able to perform the dance skillfully—while remaining “in character” circumference alone can help identify whether you are at risk of health concerns.
on stage. Should the play happen to involve fight scenes, the choreographer
will likewise program the moves of the opposing sides so these can be
executed not only believably, but safely as well. Physical Activity and Exercise
11. Makeup designer – As the costume designer deliberates on the characters’ Defined Physical activity refers to bodily movement produced by skeletal
main attire, the makeup designer is brought in to plan the hairstyles and muscles. It requires energy expenditure and produces progressive health benefits.
makeup to complement the costumes. The work of the makeup designer Physical activity typically requires only low to moderate intensity effort. Exercise is
may be as simple as making the actors look natural for their respective a type of physical activity that requires planned, structured, and repetitive bodily
roles—based on their characters’ age and personality, and the time and movement to improve or maintain one or more components of physical fitness.
place of the story. But it may also be far more challenging, such as Intensity of Exercise When trying to develop the CR (cardio-respiratory)
transforming the actors into mythical creatures, animals, a different system, many people ignore intensity of exercise. For muscles to develop, they
nationality, or futuristic beings. Thus, the makeup designer works his or must be overloaded to a given point. The training stimulus to the biceps muscle,
her magic through the wonders of makeup, face and body painting, and for example, can be accomplished with arm curl exercises using increasing
hair coloring. Other accessories may be employed, like masks, wigs and weights. Likewise, CR is stimulated by making the heart pump faster for a
hair extensions, headdresses, and even prosthetics to alter certain facial specified period. Health and CR fitness benefits result when a person is working
features or body parts. between 30 to 85 percent of heart rate reserve (HRR) combined with an appropriate
duration and frequency of training. Health benefits are achieved when training at a
4TH QUARTER PHYSICAL EDUCATION: PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES, EXERCISE, lower exercise intensity, that is, between 30 to 60 percent of the person’s HRR.
CHEERDANCING Even greater health and cardio protective benefits, and higher and faster
Body Mass Index and Weight Management improvements in CR fitness (VO2max), however are achieved primarily though
Weight management is a struggle for many Filipinos but controlling body vigorous intensity programs (at an intensity above 60 percent).
weight has many benefits. Filipinos, nowadays, have adopted the Western culture PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND ACTIVE RECREATION
of excessive intake of unhealthy, high-calorie food coupled with physical inactivity Recreation may be classified into two, active and passive. Passive
which often results in a society called “obesogenic” (a tendency to have a fat recreational activities are those which you spend your leisure without exerting
citizenry). This transformation towards over fatness does not occur overnight. The much of your physical prowess such as playing board and card games, listening to
number of overweight and obese Filipinos has already grown, according to the music, reading, watching TV, and surfing the internet or playing computer games.
National Nutrition and Health Survey by the FNRI (Food and Nutrition Research In Active recreational activities, on the other hand, are those that require deliberate
statute) and DOST (Department of Science and Technology) and it will most likely physical efforts which may range from light to vigorous intensities. These include
contribute to the development of related diseases. walking, jogging, taking the stairs, gardening, doing household chores, playing
BMI is commonly used because it is very easy to measure, and it also sports, swimming, dancing, and even hiking or mountaineering.
correlates strongly with the percentage of body fats. Excess levels of body fat Common Injuries Involved in Recreation
contribute to several health concerns including heart disease, hypertension, Sprains
diabetes, and some cancers. Typically, body fat levels are higher as BMI increases. A sprain is a stretch or tear of a ligament, the band of connective tissues
A BMI between 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 is considered normal, with a healthy body that joins the end of one bone with another. Sprains are caused by trauma such as
weight. This is because BMI within this range is associated with the lowest risk of a fall or a blow to the body that knocks a joint out of position and, in the worst
developing a chronic disease or dying. People classified as overweight have an case, ruptures the supporting ligaments.
increased risk of disease and death, and those who are obese have the highest risk Strains
of developing several diseases. A strain is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon - a cord of tissue
Waist Circumference People have different patterns of body fat distribution, connecting muscle to bone. It is an acute, non-contact injury that results from
and these patterns correspond to different risk levels for disease. The location of overstretching or over-contraction. Symptoms of a strain include pain, muscle
spasm and loss of strength. On the other hand, it is hard to tell the difference
between mild and moderate strains, severe strains not treated professionally can
lead to permanent damage and loss of function.
Knee Injuries
Knee injuries can result from a blow to or twist to the knee, from improper
landing after a jump or from running too hard, too much or without proper warm
up. Other common sports injuries suffered by athletes are shin splints, Achilles’
tendon injuries, patella dislocation and hamstring, quadriceps, and calf injuries.
Fractures
A fracture is a break in the bone that can occur from either a quick, one-
time injury to the bone (acute fracture) or from repeated stress to the bone over
time (stress fracture).
Dislocations
When two bones that come together to form a joint become separated, the
joint is dislocated. Contact sports such as football, basketball, and lacrosse, as
well as high impact sports that can result in excessive stretching or falling, cause
most dislocations. A dislocated joint is an emergency that requires medical
treatments.
Cheer dancing
Cheer dance is coined from the words, cheer, and dance. To cheer is to
shout out words or phrases that may help motivate and boost the morale of a
playing team and perform better during a game. Dance, on the other hand, is a
physical activity where one expresses emotions or gestures while performing bodily
movements usually in time with rhythm. Cheer dancing rooted from cheerleading.
Cheerleading is the performance of a routine, usually dominated by gymnastic
skills such as jumps, tumbling skills, lifts and tosses combined with shouting of
cheers and yells to lead the crowd to cheer for a certain team during a game or
sport. It originated in the United States. Due to Filipinos’ love for dancing, they
added more dance routines to their cheers and came up with the term cheer dance
wherein it is a routine composed of yells and cheers, gymnastic skills (pyramids
and tosses, stunts, tumbling skills, arm and hand positions and jumps), and
dance (fusion of different dance genres). Today, cheer dancing is identified as one
of the most spectacular events in one of the biggest collegiate sports events in the
country, the UAAP (University Athletic Association of the Philippines.

4TH QUARTER HEALTH: HEALTH CAREER

 There is a high demand for workers in the healthcare industry not just very important step of self-assessment. Self-assessment is necessary to
locally but also, globally. Health careers are among the most lucrative job options understand one’s capabilities and drawbacks. The various career options should
available all over the world, especially these days, with an aging population and be explored in detail to find a fit between one’s abilities and the opportunities
medical advances. There is a continuous demand for health professionals. A health provided by a career option. It involves continuous learning and improvement to
career offers a good salary and job security. Educational learning is widely build and grow in the chosen career path.
available in the country with a path for advancement in different specialized fields
of interests. You get to work with people and more importantly make a difference in These are the common allied health professionals practicing in the country with
the life of others. What is a career? A career is an occupation or profession that available education and professional training:
requires special training. Health careers are designed to familiarize students with Audiologist – identifies and rehabilitates hearing impairments and related
the various careers in the medical profession and allied health services. Students disorders.
will learn skills necessary for their career path, which in this case is in healthcare. Clinical psychologist - assesses, diagnoses, treats and helps prevent mental
These include working with others, communication skills, legal and ethical disorders.
responsibilities, cultural considerations in healthcare industry, problem solving, Dietitian / Nutritionist - promotes good health through proper diet and treatment
decision making, accepting personal responsibility, and self-management. of diseases.
Medical Assistant- performs under the direction of a physician. Medical
Technologies- performs a variety of tasks on body fluids, from simple blood test.
Occupational therapist - uses purposeful activity and interventions to maximize
the independence and health of any client.
Paramedic - gives emergency medical treatment or assists medical professionals in
emergency situations.
Radiologic Technologist/Radiographer - healthcare professionals who perform
imaging procedures, such as x-ray examinations.
Physical Therapist - examines, evaluates, and treats physical impairments through
use of special exercise.
Radiation therapist - administers radiation therapy services to patients and
observes patients during treatment.
Pedorthist- are foot orthotic and orthopedic footwear experts trained in the
assessment of lower limb anatomy and muscle and joint function.
Exercise physiologist- body of knowledge concerning physiologic, metabolic, and
structural responses to short-term and longterm physical activity.
Health career pathways
Career pathways are clusters occupations that are grouped because of
shared skills. All pathways include a variety of occupations that require different
levels of education, skills, and training. Selecting a career pathway provides you
with an area of focus, along with flexibility and a variety of ideas to pursue for
personal development.
What are examples of health career pathways?
1. Disease Prevention and Control -People who specialize in this career path
focus on communicable and non-communicable diseases. Their work includes
immunization, screening of newborns, promotion of breastfeeding, infant diseases
prevention, adolescent healthcare, and life skills. Sample Careers: * Community
Health Work Education and Research
2. Personal Healthcare - Professionals in this field perform healthcare
Health career Planning refers to an individual’s plan to make a career choice, related tasks in a personal care level. These include monitoring patients;
growing in the chosen career or making a career shift. Career planning involves the administering and assisting in personal care and hygiene; performing
housekeeping duties; and advising clients on related healthcare issues like infant harmful alcohol use, and poor oral hygiene. Sample Careers: • Dental Hygiene
care, hygiene, and nutrition. Dental Nursing Dental health support
3. Maternal and Child Care -These health workers deal with complex public 11. Occupational Safety -Careers in this path are related to the safety,
health issues that affect women, children, and their families. These include health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. These include
providing information on reproductive health, family planning, healthcare of protecting workers from sickness, disease, and injury arising from possible
pregnant women and their children, and improvement of health delivery system hazards of their employment and workplace. Sample Careers: • Occupational
through advocacy, education, and research. Sample Careers: • Midwifery Health and Safety Technician Health Inspector Industrial Hygienist
Community Health Educator Outreach Specialist 12. Emergency Medical Services - People assigned in this work specialize in
4. Mental HealthCare -These medical professionals specialize in dealing out-of-hospital medical care. Their skills include first-aid procedures, emergency
with interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships and life skills. These include medical treatment and transport of patients, rapid emergency medical response
cognitive and psychosocial development, promotion of healthy self-esteem through and immediate medical attention. Sample Careers: • Emergency Medical Aid
feelings and anger management and identifying warning signs or red flags of Paramedic
learning disorders, such as ADHD, anxiety, mood disorders, stress, and bullying. MEDICAL AND ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSION
Sample Careers: • Social Work Clinical Psychology Psychiatry Guidance Along with medical professions, there are hundreds of allied health professions
Counselling which complete the workforce in contributing to the whole-person care of patients,
5. Community Healthcare -Specialists in this area focus on the support to healthcare professionals, and the efficient operation of healthcare
maintenance, protection, and improvement of the health of all community organizations.
members. Sample Careers: • Barangay/Community Health Work Rural Sanitary The medical profession is a group of individuals qualified to practice
Inspection medicine. Allied health professions, on the other hand, are lines of work that still
6. Environmental Healthcare Management -These health workers try to deal with healthcare, but are distinct from medicine. They have distinct and
establish the correlation between and among the physical, chemical, biological, specialized knowledge and skills that actively work with people accessing health
social, and psychosocial factors in the surrounding environment. These include and disability that are offered services across a range of settings. These professions
monitoring the quality of environment and impact of human activities on include clinical laboratory or medical technology, physical therapy, occupational
ecosystems and developing strategies for restoring ecosystems. Sample Careers: • therapy, dietetic services, medical record personnel, radiologic services, speech
Air quality monitoring Soil science analysis Hazardous and solid waste language pathology and audiology, and respiratory therapy.
management Environmental noise control Radiological assessment These are the common allied health professionals practicing in the country with
7. Drug Prevention and Control -People whose careers revolve around this available education and professional training:
area seek to reduce community and individual problems related to alcohol and 1.Chiropractor- diagnosis and treats neuromuscular disorders with
drug abuse through evidence-based programs and policy advocacy. Sample emphasis on treatment through manual adjustment and/or manipulation of the
Careers: • Drug Enforcement Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation spine.
8. Nutrition - Specialists in this area find ways to balance individuals’ food 2.Masasage therapist- performs the scientific manipulation of the soft
and nutrition and their impact on patients’ health. These include meal planning, tissues of the body for the purpose of normalizing those tissue.
food preparation and economics. Sample Careers: • Clinical Dietetics Food and 3. Emergency Medical Technician- also known as ambulance technician.
Nutrition Management Public Health Nutrition 4.Guidance Counselor- assists students with personal, family, education,
9. Health Education - Those who work in this field are tasked with and career decisions and concerns; also helps them develop job-finding skills and
promotion of healthcare and training of health workers on managing change in other life skills needed to prevent and deal with problems.
healthcare. Their work involves assessing individual and community needs, 5. Health Educator- specializes in health education and promotes the
planning, implementing, and evaluating health programs, promoting the development of health knowledge, life skills, and positive attitudes toward the
understanding of various health-related behaviors plus coordinating health health and well-being of students.
education services. Sample Careers: • Education and Research Community Health 6. Midwife - professionals with the expertise and skills in helping women
Work maintain healthy pregnancies, assist in, or perform childbirth delivery, and help in
10. Dental Health -Dental health workers deal with various oral conditions women’s recovery process through the postpartum period.
which include chronic mouth and facial pain, oral sores, periodontal (gum) disease, 7. Nurse - trained to provide care for people who are sick or injured;
tooth decay and tooth loss, other diseases and disorders that affect the oral cavity, monitors patients’ health and records symptoms, assists physicians during
and risk factors for oral diseases which include unhealthy diet, tobacco use, examinations and treatment, and administers medications.
 8. Paramedic - gives emergency medical treatment or assists medical
professionals in emergency situations.
9. Audiologist – identifies and rehabilitates hearing impairments and
related disorders.
10. Dietitian / Nutritionist - promotes good health through proper diet and
treatment of diseases.
There are also allied medical professions whose specialized trainings is available in
other countries:
1.Cardiovascular technologist - uses imaging technology to help physicians
diagnose patients with cardiac (heart) and peripheral vascular (blood vessel)
ailments.
2.Clinical officer - performs general medical duties such as the diagnosis
and treatment of disease and injury, recommendation and interpretation of
medical tests, performance of routine medical and surgical procedures, and
referral of patients to other practitioners.
3.Neurophysiologist- specializes in the diagnosis of conditions affecting the
nervous system such as neuromuscular diseases, epilepsy, and nerve
entrapments.
4.Medicaldosimetrist- designs treatment plans for patients by means of
computer and/or manual computation to determine a treatment field technique
that will deliver the prescribed radiation dose while taking into consideration the
dose-limiting structures.
5.Orthoptist- investigates, diagnoses, and treats defects of binocular vision
and abnormalities related to eye movement.
6.Dental hygienist - specializes in the removal of calcaneous deposits and
stains from patients’ and provides additional services and information on
prevention of oral diseases.
7.Surgical technologist - a member of the surgical team who serves as a
scrub technician or as a circulator
8.Music therapist - uses music within a therapeutic relationship to address
a client’s needs, such as facilitating movement and physical rehabilitation,
motivating the client to cope with treatment, providing emotional support, such as
an outlet for expressing their feelings through music.
9.Diagnostic medical sonographist - uses ultrasonic imaging devices to
produce diagnostic images, scans, videos, or 3D volumes of patients’ anatomy,
10.Kinesiotherapist - develops and monitors exercise programs to help
people regain muscle strength and function lost due to injury or disease.