Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints (GB)

Document Ref: SX003a-EN-GB Sheet 1 of 9

CALCULATION SHEET
Title Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral
restraints
Eurocode Ref EN 1993-1-1
Made by Laurent Narboux Date Oct 2006
Checked by Charles King Date Oct 2006

Localized resource for UK

Example: Simply supported beam with

intermediate lateral restraints
This example gives the details for the verification of a simple beam under a
uniform loading. The beam is laterally restrained by purlins.

Scope
This example deals with a simply supported roof beam, with intermediate
lateral restraints, under a uniformly distributed loading :
• self-weight of the beam
• roofing with purlins
• climatic loads
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The beam is a UKB profile in bending about the strong axis.

This example includes :
• the classification of the cross-section,
• the calculation of bending resistance,
• the calculation of shear resistance,
• the calculation of the deflection at serviceability limit state.

Partial safety factor

γG,sup = 1.35 (permanent loads) EN 1990
γG,inf = 1.0 (permanent loads) Table A1.2(B)

γQ = 1.50 (variable loads)

γM0 = 1.0 EN 1993-1-1

γM1 = 1.0 § 6.1 (1)

Created on Sunday, July 18, 2010
Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints (GB)

Document Ref: SX003a-EN-GB Sheet 2 of 9

CALCULATION SHEET
Title Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral
restraints
Eurocode Ref EN 1993-1-1
Made by Laurent Narboux Date Oct 2006
Checked by Charles King Date Oct 2006

Basic data
Design a non composite roof beam according to the data given below. The
beam is assumed to be laterally supported at the ends.

Span length : 15.00 m

Bay width : 6.00 m
Roof : 0.30 kN/m2
Climatic load : Snow 0.60 kN/m2
Climatic load : Wind −0.50 kN/m2
Steel grade : S275
The climatic loads are characteristic values assumed to have been calculated
according to EN 1991.
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6 x 2,50 m

3 x 5,00m

1 : Lateral restraints (purlins)

2 : Lateral restraints (bracing system)

Bracing system

It is laterally restrained at the supports, at upper flanges by the purlins

(spacing 2.50m) and at lower flanges by struts (spacing 5.00m).
Created on Sunday, July 18, 2010

It is fabricated with pre-camber equal at l/500, wc = 30 mm.

Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints (GB)

Document Ref: SX003a-EN-GB Sheet 3 of 9

CALCULATION SHEET
Title Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral
restraints
Eurocode Ref EN 1993-1-1
Made by Laurent Narboux Date Oct 2006
Checked by Charles King Date Oct 2006

Try UKB 406x178x60 – Steel grade S275 z BS4

tf

Depth h = 406.4 mm Corus

Advance
Web Depth hw = 380.8 mm tw

Width b = 177.9 mm y y
h
Web thickness tw = 7.9 mm hw

Flange thickness tf = 12.8mm

Fillet r = 10.2 mm
z
b
Mass 60.1 kg/m

Section area A = 76.5 cm2

Second moment of area /yy Iy = 21596 cm4
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Second moment of area /zz Iz = 1203 cm4

Torsion constant It = 33 cm4
Warping constant Iw = 465 950 cm6
Elastic section modulus /yy Wel,y = 1062.8 cm3
Plastic section modulus /yy Wpl,y = 1199.5 cm3

Self weight of the beam : (60.1 × 9.81) × 10-3 = 0.590 kN/m

Permanent load :
G = 0.590 + 0.30 × 6.00 = 2.39 kN/m
Climatic load :
Qs = 0.60 × 6.0 = 3.60 kN/m
Qw = −0.50 x 6.0 = −3.00 kN/m
Created on Sunday, July 18, 2010
Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints (GB)

Document Ref: SX003a-EN-GB Sheet 4 of 9

CALCULATION SHEET
Title Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral
restraints
Eurocode Ref EN 1993-1-1
Made by Laurent Narboux Date Oct 2006
Checked by Charles King Date Oct 2006

ULS Combination :
Combination 1 γG,sup G + γQ Qs = 1.35 × 2.39 + 1.50 × 3.60 = 8.63 kN/m EN 1990
Combination 2 γG,inf G + γQ Qw = 1.00 × 2.39 – 1.50 × 3.00 = -2.11 kN/m § 6.4.3.2
EN 1990 §6.4.3.2 permits the alternative use of expressions 6.10a and 6.10b, Expression
which could result in a lower design load, depending on the values of the 6.10
factors in the National Annex. The UK National Annex is likely to permit the
alternative use but some National Annexes exclude the use of the alternative
expressions. Here, only 6.10 is used.

Moment diagram

M
My,Ed
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Maximum moment at mid span :

Combination 1 My,Ed = 0.125 × 8.63× 152 = 242.72 kNm
Combination 2 My,Ed = 0.125 × -2.11× 152 = -59.34 kNm

Shear force diagram

Vz,Ed

Maximum shear force at supports :

Combination 1 Vz,Ed = 0.5 × 8.63 × 15 = 64.73 kN
Combination 2 Vz,Ed = 0.5 × -2.11 × 15= -15.83 kN

Yield strength
Steel grade S275 EN 1993-1-1
2
The maximum thickness is 12.8 mm < 40 mm, so : fy = 275 N/mm Table 3.1
Note : When published, the National Annex may impose either the values of
fy from the Table 3.1 or the values from the product standard. Here
the values are the same.
Created on Sunday, July 18, 2010
Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints (GB)

Document Ref: SX003a-EN-GB Sheet 5 of 9

CALCULATION SHEET
Title Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral
restraints
Eurocode Ref EN 1993-1-1
Made by Laurent Narboux Date Oct 2006
Checked by Charles King Date Oct 2006

Section classification :
235 EN 1993-1-1
The parameter ε is derived from the yield strength : ε = = 0.92
f y [N/mm2 ] Table 5.2

Outstand flange : flange under uniform compression (sheet 2 of 3)

c = (b – tw – 2 r) / 2 = (177.9 – 7.9 – 2 × 10.2)/2 = 74.8 mm

c/tf = 74.8 / 12.8 = 5.84 ≤ 9 ε = 8.28 Class 1

Internal compression part : web under pure bending EN 1993-1-1

c = h – 2 tf – 2 r = 406.4 – 2 × 12.8 – 2 × 10.2 = 360.4 mm Table 5.2
c / tw = 360.4 / 7.9 = 45.62 < 72 ε = 66.2 Class 1 (sheet 1 of 3)

The class of the cross-section is the highest class (i.e. the least favourable)
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between the flange and the web, here: Class 1.

So the ULS verifications should be based on the plastic resistance of the
cross-section since the Class is 1.

Moment resistance
The design resistance for bending of a cross-section is given by : EN 1993-1-1
Mc,Rd = Mpl,Rd = Wpl,y fy / γM0 = (1199.5 × 275 / 1.0) / 1000 § 6.2.5
Mc.Rd = 329.86 kNm
Combination 1 My,Ed / Mc,Rd = 242.72 / 329.86= 0.736 < 1 OK
Combination 2 My,Ed / Mc,Rd = 59.34 / 329.86= 0.180 < 1 OK

Lateral torsional buckling check using the simplified assessment methods

for beams with restraints in buildings: EN 1993-1-1
In buildings, members with discrete lateral restraint to the compression flange 6.3.2.4 (1)B
are not susceptible to lateral-torsional buckling if the length Lc between
restraints or the resulting equivalent compression flange slenderness
λ f satisfies:
k c Lc M
λf = ≤ λ c 0 c,Rd
if,z λ1 M y,Ed
Created on Sunday, July 18, 2010
Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints (GB)

Document Ref: SX003a-EN-GB Sheet 6 of 9

CALCULATION SHEET
Title Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral
restraints
Eurocode Ref EN 1993-1-1
Made by Laurent Narboux Date Oct 2006
Checked by Charles King Date Oct 2006

Where:
My,Ed is the maximum design value of the bending moment within the
restraint spacing

kc is a slenderness correction factor for moment distribution between

restraints, see EN 1993-1-1 Table 6.6;
if,z is the radius of gyration of the compression flange including 1/3 of
the compressed part of the web area, about the minor axis of the
section;

λ c0 is the slenderness parameter of the above compression element:

λ c0 = λ LT,0 + 0.1
For rolled profiles, λ LT,0 = 0.40
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Note: The slenderness limit λ c0 may be given in the National

Annex when published. Here the recommended value is used. EN 1993-1-1
E 235 6.3.2.3 (1)
λ1 = π = 93.9ε and ε= = 0.92
fy f y [N/mm2 ]

Application:
If,z = [1203 - (2 × 38.08 / 3) × 0.793 / 12] / 2 = 600.978 cm4
Af,z = [76.50 - (2 × 38.08 / 3) × 0.79] / 2 = 28.222 cm2
600.978
if,z = = 4.61 cm
28.222
Wy = Wpl,y = 1199.5 cm3
E
λ1 = π = 86.8
fy EN 1993-1-1
6.3.2.3
λ c0 = 0.40 + 0.10 = 0.50
fy 275
M c, Rd = Wy = ( 1199.5 × ) / 1000 = 329.8 kNm
γ M1 1.0
Created on Sunday, July 18, 2010
Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints (GB)

Document Ref: SX003a-EN-GB Sheet 7 of 9

CALCULATION SHEET
Title Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral
restraints
Eurocode Ref EN 1993-1-1
Made by Laurent Narboux Date Oct 2006
Checked by Charles King Date Oct 2006

Combination 1
Note: Between restraints in the centre of the beam, where the EN 1993-1-1
moment is maximum, the moment distribution can be considered as Table 6.6
constant:
kc = 1

Lc = 2.50 m
1 × 250
λf = = 0.625
4.61 × 86.8
329.8
λ c0 M c, Rd / My,Ed = 0.50 × = 0.679
242.72
λ f = 0.625 ≤ λ c0 M c, Rd / My,Ed = 0.679 OK
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Combination 2
kc = 1
Lc = 5.00 m
1 × 500
λf = = 1.250
4.61 × 86.8
329.8
λ c0 M c, Rd / My,Ed = 0.50 × = 2.779
59.34
λ f = 1.250 ≤ λ c0 M c, Rd / My,Ed = 2.779 OK

Shear Resistance
In the absence of torsion, the shear plastic resistance depends on the shear
area, which is given by: EN 1993-1-1
Av,z = A – 2 b tf + (tw + 2 r) tf § 6.2.6 (3)
2
Av,z = 7650 – 2 × 177.9 × 12.8+ (7.9 + 2 × 10.2) × 12.8 = 3458 mm
But not less than η hw tw
η conservatively taken equal to 1.0
η hw tw = 1.0× 380.8 ×7.9 = 3008 mm2 < 3458 mm2 OK
Created on Sunday, July 18, 2010
Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints (GB)

Document Ref: SX003a-EN-GB Sheet 8 of 9

CALCULATION SHEET
Title Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral
restraints
Eurocode Ref EN 1993-1-1
Made by Laurent Narboux Date Oct 2006
Checked by Charles King Date Oct 2006

Shear plastic resistance EN 1993-1-1

Av, z ( f y / 3 ) 3458 × (275 / 3 ) § 6.2.6 (2)
Vpl, z, Rd = = /1000 = 549 kN
γ M0 1,0
Vz,Ed / Vpl,z,Rd = 64.73/ 549 = 0.118 < 1 OK

Note that the verification to shear buckling is not required when : EN 1993-1-1
hw / tw ≤ 72 ε / η § 6.2.6 (6)
η conservatively taken equal to 1.0
hw / tw = 380.8 / 7.9= 48.2 < 72 × 1 / 1.0 = 72

No shear buckling verification required.

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Note : No M-V interaction has to be considered, since the maximum

moment is obtained at mid-span and the maximum shear force is
obtained at supports. Generally for combined bending and shear see
EN 1993-1-1 § 6.2.8.

Serviceability Limit State verification

SLS Combination EN 1990
Characteristic combination: § 6.5.3
G + Qs = 2.39+ 3.60 = 5.99 kN/m § A1.4.2

Deflection due to G+Qs :

5 (G + Qs ) L4 5 × 5.99 × (15000)4 EN 1990
wtot = = = 87 mm
384 E I y 384 × 210000 × 21596 × 104 § A1.4.3
wc = 30 mm pre-camber
wmax = wtot – wc = 87 – 30 = 57 mm
The deflection under (G+Qs) is L/263.
Created on Sunday, July 18, 2010
Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints (GB)

Document Ref: SX003a-EN-GB Sheet 9 of 9

CALCULATION SHEET
Title Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral
restraints
Eurocode Ref EN 1993-1-1
Made by Laurent Narboux Date Oct 2006
Checked by Charles King Date Oct 2006

Deflection due to Qs :
5 (Qs ) L4 5 × 3.60 × (15000)4
w3 = = = 52 mm
384 E I y 384 × 210000 × 21596 × 104
The deflection under Qs is L/288.

Note: The limits of deflection should be specified by the client. The EN 1993-1-1
National Annex may specify some limits when it is published. § 7.2.1
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Created on Sunday, July 18, 2010
Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints (GB)

Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints

SX003a-EN-GB

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RESOURCE TITLE Example: Simply supported beam with intermediate lateral restraints

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LOCALISED RESOURCE DOCUMENT

Name Company Date

Created by Laurent Narboux SCI Oct 2006

Technical content checked by Charles King SCI Oct 2006

Editorial content checked by D C Iles SCI 19/2/07

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Created on Sunday, July 18, 2010

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