1hand and Power Tools 2018

Construction Occupational Safety and Health
Hand and Power Tools
12/17/2019
CONSTRUCTION OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY and HEALTH
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HAND AND POWER TOOLS
• Types of Hand and Power Tools
• Hazards
• Injury/Illness Prevention
• Summary
Types of Hand and Power Tools
• Classified into two categories:
–Hand (Manual) Tools
–Power Tools
• Electric Tools
• Pneumatic Tools
• Hydraulic Tools
• Powder Actuated Tools
Safety Hazards
Workers using hand and power tools
may be exposed to these safety hazards:
 objects that fall, fly, are
abrasive, or splash
 harmful dusts, fumes, mists,
vapors, and gases
 frayed or damaged electrical
cords, hazardous connections and
improper grounding
7
Hand Tools
• No external power required
• Broad range of tools from
extremely simple to more
complex, such as:
–Hammers Hammer Spade
–Saws
–Spades
–Bullfloats
Hack Saw Bullfloat
Power Tools
• Operated with external power
• Determined by their power Powder Actuated Fastener
source (electric, pneumatic,

powder actuated, etc.)
• Some examples are:
– Jackhammers
– Power Saws
– Grinders Grinder
Jackhammer
– Power Drills, etc.
Hazards and Injury/Illness Prevention
• General Hazards and Injury Prevention
• Hand Tools
• Power Tools
– General Safety Precautions
– Machine Guarding
– Electric Tools
– Power Saws
– Abrasive Wheel Tools
– Pneumatic Tools
– Powder Actuated Tools
Hand Tools
Hazards:
• Misuse of tools or using tools
for wrong tasks
• Using damaged tools (poor
maintenance)
• Poor housekeeping and
improper storage (tripping
Poor Housekeeping
hazard)
Hand Tools
Injury/Illness Prevention:
• Stay away from flammable substance while working with hand
tools that may produce sparks
• Keep wooden handles of tools
free of splinters and cracks
• Keep impact tools free of
mushroomed heads
• Wear appropriate personal
protective equipment
General Safety Precautions for Power Tools
• Disconnect tools when not in use
• Never carry a tool by the cord or hose
• Keep cords and hoses away from heat, oil, and sharp
edges
• Avoid accidental starting
– Do not hold fingers on the switch button while carrying a
plugged-in tool
General Safety Precautions for Power Tools
• Secure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both hands to

operate the tool
• Keep all people not involved with the work at a safe distance
• Be sure to keep good footing

and maintain good balance
when operating power tools
• Wear proper apparel for the
task
Hazards:
Electric Tools
Electrical shock and fire hazards due
to:
• Damage or internal defects
• Improper or no grounding
• Defective insulation and wiring
• Damage to insulation
– Due to overworking, overheating.
• Damaged cords
• Reversal of polarity in wiring
• Using tools in wet areas Defective insulation
Electric Tools
Injury / Illness Prevention:
• Connect tools only to outlets with ground
fault circuit interrupters (GFCI)
• Inspect tools and extension cords before each
use
• Use durable and weather proof extension
cords
• Use cords with three prong plugs
GFCI
Electric Tools
• Operate electric tools within the limits of their
design
• Do not use electrical tools in damp and /or wet
areas Do not use wires with worn
out insulation
• Remove all damaged portable electric tools from use
• Ensure that electrical cords do not present tripping
hazards
• Use gloves and appropriate safety footwear when
using electric tools
Power Drills
Hazards:
• Slips Trips and Falls ( Cords)
• Electrocution
• Dust inhalation due to lack of
personal protective equipment
• Puncture
• Fire
Power Saws
Hazards:
• Lack of proper guarding
• Sawing objects not adequately
supported
• Dust inhalation due to lack of Saw not stored properly after use
personal protective equipment
• Operator distraction
Power Saws
Power Saws
Power Saws
Prevention:
• Proper machine guarding
• Use of respiratory protection and
safety goggles
• Don’t keep saws and blades in
motion when not in use
Chip Guard on Saw
Portable Abrasive Wheel Tools
Hazards:
• Flying fragments
• Defective or cracked wheels
• Wheel breakage during start-
up
• Proper machine guarding
– Cover the spindle end, nut, and flange projections
– Maintain proper alignment with the wheel
– Do not exceed the strength of the fastenings
• Before mounting the wheel, inspect for damage and perform “ring-
testing” (tap with a light instrument)
• Ensure wheel fits freely on the spindle
– Spindle speed should not exceed the maximum operating speed
• Never stand in the plane of rotation as the wheel accelerates to full
operating speed
Pneumatic Tools
Hazards:
• Getting hit by one of tool’s
attachments
• Air hose (disconnection, tripping
hazard)
• Flying fragments
• Fatigue and strains while using
jackhammers
• Noise
Pneumatic Tools
• Securely fasten the pneumatic tool to the air hose
• Install a safety clip or a retainer to prevent attachments such
as chisels on a chipping hammer from being ejected during
tool operation
• Set up screens to protect nearby workers from being struck
by flying fragments
• Use heavy rubber grips to reduce fatigue and strain caused
by operating jackhammers
• Use appropriate hearing protection
Powder Actuated Tool Hazards
Hazards:
• Using tools on unsuitable materials
• Thorough penetration
• Ricochet of fasteners
• Spalling of material
• Misfiring
• Operating near explosive materials
Powder Actuated Tools
• Only trained operators must use powder-actuated tools
• An appropriate powder level must be selected to perform
the work without using excessive force
• If a powder actuated tool misfires, the user must hold the
tool in the operating position for at least 30 seconds
before trying to fire it again
• Suitable ear, eye, and face protection must be worn
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Construction Occupational Safety and Health

Hand and Power Tools

Emergency Exits Restrooms Clinic/

source (electric, pneumatic,

• Secure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both hands to

• Be sure to keep good footing

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