PAGES 6: 3. assess /o'ses! Verb if you assess something, you examine it carefully ‘and say how good or bad itis. Ifa student’s work Is. assessed, itis given a grade or mark how is your degree assessed? | different subjects are taught and assessed separately | staff members assessed each model for comfort Noun: assessment the teacher made a quick assessment of the class | the ‘Schoo! uses @ system of continuous assessment | the students are preparing for their final assessment assignment /o'sarnmant/ Noun ‘an assignment isa plece of work you have to do as part of your job or your studies Collocates: complete an assignment | submit an assignment | set an assignment we had weekly assignments fo do | assignments must ‘be submitted through the course website | hand in your, ‘assignment by next Friday | he was given a difficult ‘assignment | homework assignments are due in on Fridays Verb: assign ‘many teachers also assign additional reading activities, counselling ’kavns(ajlin/ Noun uncount counselling is help and support you can get from someone who is trained to listen to people describing their problems ‘a counselling course for speech therapists |if you're having problems, contoct the student counselling service | a lot of couples have marriage guidance counselling |he needed a lot of counselling after the divorce Noun: counsel| Verb: counsel she always offered us wise counsel | her job was 10 counsel people with money problems ‘coursework /*ko:(nswsr(r)k/ Noun uncount coursework is the work a student has to do during course. The marks for coursework are combined with the marks for exams to provide the student's final grade id you have much coursework? | assessment is by ‘coursework plus @ final exam | registration fees must be paid before coursework can commence | the Masters degree may be by coursework or by research CV Isis vi! Noun your CV is a document which describes your education ‘and work history, and which you show to people when you apply for a job. It isthe initials ofthe Latin curriculum vitae. in American English, they say résumé ‘twill look good on your CV | send @ CV with your letter, of application | your CV should be short and clear | my full CV is available on request | you should never lie on your CV Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder Unit 7 encouraging /an'karid3tn/ Adjective if someone or something is encouraging, they do or say things that help you believe you can succeed in what you are doing our tutors were very encouraging and gave us lots of | feedback | the doctor gave me an encouraging smile | her exam results were encouraging | / appreciate your encouraging comments Verb: encourage | Noun: encouragement we encourage students to follow their own interests in thelr research | my parents always encouraged me to work hard | my friends offered some encouragement | ‘young children need quite a lot of encouragement feedback /fidbak/ Noun uncount If someone gives you feedback, they tell you how well or badly you did a piece of work, and tell you useful things about how you can improve Collocates: give someone feedback our tutors were very encouraging and gave us lots of feedback | your positive feedback was very important for me | we received great feedback from the people who attended the conference |her feedback really helped me before the exams Verb: feed back Collocates: feed back to someone Vl feed back to you after "ve read your other essay IT Jar‘tiv Noun uncount IT stands for Information Technology. ITis the use of ‘computers for storing and distributing information he works in the company's IT department | do an IT course | get some IT training | call the IT help desk leadership /lida(nfip/ Noun uncount leadership Is all the qualities and skils that are needed tobe a good leader 'm doing « leadership training course | his leadership skills needed a lot of improvement | Eric has shown ‘outstanding leadership in his position as headteacher Noun: leader! Verb: lead effective schools need effective leaders | political leaders spoke out against the attacks | she led a team of 12 research scientists module /‘modju:l/ Noun ‘a module is a single unit of study that is part of a university or college course I failed my last module | the course wos made up of 12 teaching modules | assessment for the module is based (on an exam in the final week |in this module students earn to build accurate computer models Adjective: modular the modular course allows for great flexibility © 2016 National Geographic Learning 1overall /auvar'stl! Adjective ‘overall means including and considering every aspect of, something, not just individual parts of it 25% of the overall mark Is from coursework | the overall ‘120 of the flat is 60 square metres | his overall score wos 74% | the overall winner is the rider thot finishes first in the final round Adverb: overall she finished second overall | overall, it was a disappointing match progress praugres/ Noun uncount progress is improvement that you make over time in something you are studying or trying to achieve Collocates: make progress Iwosn't making much progress at first | she's made huge progress this term | pragress was slow but encouraging | her students were making steady progress | his tutor congratulated him on his remarkable progress | proof of satisfactory progress in school is required Verb: progress students progress ot different speeds | things have been progressing slowly but steadily | in his studies, Charlie Js progressing ropialy | as his career progressed, he moved info management relevant /relaviaint/ Adjective if something is relevant, it has a direct connection to what is happening or what is being talked about Collocates: be relevant to/for something the course wasn't relevant fo my current work | they earn skills that are relevant to a lot of fobs | that's not really relevant to the discussion | when you apply for the Job, tellus if you have any relevant experience | these points are relevant for the current discussion | be sure 10 Include dates and all relevant facts Noun: relevance Il Opposite - Adjective: irrelevant Collocates: be of relevance to someone or something pupils need to understand the relevance of politics to their life | all the lectures were of direct relevance to me | Andy kept making totally relevant remarks | that's just ‘an irrelevant detail seminar /semxnaz(ry/ Noun ‘a seminar is a meeting where people discuss a particular subject in lot of detail, Ata university or college, a seminar is a class involving a small group of students, and a teacher the seminars involved a lot of reading beforehand | teaching is delivered by lectures, seminars and Individua! tutorials | @ one-day seminar on the causes of the first world war | this seminar is tought in French | the course consists of a weekly lecture and a weekly seminar supportive /sa'poi(nluv/ Adjective if people are supportive, they understand your situation ‘and help you there were one or two guys who weren't so supportive | ‘my colleagues are very supportive | luckily, 've got a supportive boss Verb: support |Noun: support Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder Unit 7 Collocates: offer someone support welll support you whatever you decide to do | his parents offered him financial support ‘therapist /Oeraprst/ Noun a therapist is someone who provides treatment for people with mental or physical ilnesses, but without the use of drugs ‘speech therapist | an occupational therapist (a therapist who helps people regain skills or abilties by making them do practical activites) | always consult @ professional therapist before making your decision Noun: therapy | Adjective: therapeutic | don't know ifher therapy actually helped her | studies show that therapy is as effective as medication for most ‘people | swimming can be highly therapeutic tutor /tjusta(q/ Noun {a tutor is a teacher, especially at a university. A private tutor is a teacher who teaches one student or a small ‘group of students in their homes what were your tutors lke at uni? | she has been senior tutor here since 2008 | every student is assigned a ‘personal tutor | an online tutor (one who teaches over the Internet) Verb: tutor her brothers were privately tutored at home | we tutor students of all levels of ability workload /ws:(f}klaud/ Noun your workload is the amount of work that you need to do Collocates: a heavy workload | don't have time for that on top of my current workload I /can't cope with the workload | he's shown he can handle a heavy workload | my workload has increased, but not my salary | we'll hire more staff to try and lessen ‘your workload workshop /w3:(nkfop/ Noun ‘a workshop Is an event where a group of people discuss and learn about a particular topic, especially by doing practical exercises Collocates: a workshop on something we attended a workshop on language teaching | the workshop is limited to 15 participants |a two-day workshop on the economy | workshop presenters come from as far away as Miami and Moscow | she conducts regular workshops in the college PAGES 64-65 academic /aekaidemik/ Adjective academic refers to subjects and activity connected to studying at school or university the school has a good academic reputation | every university wants to achieve academic excellence | the ‘academic performance of the students has been brilliant I schools, colleges, and other academic institutions | problems ot home affected his academic work ‘Adverb: academically 1 popular and academically gifted stuctent (a very clever, student) | students need strong writing skills to succeed ‘academically © 2016 National Geographic Learning 2ambitious /ambifas/ Adjective ‘someone who is ambitious wants to be very successful ‘and works hard to make sure that they succeed. A project that is ambitious is one thatis difficult, but that people work hard to achieve he’s very bright, but not very ambitious | was very ambttious at the start of my career | their business plan was very ambitious | the project was too ambitious and eventually they ran out of money ‘Adverb: ambitiously | Noun: ambition he ambitiously attempted to translate War and Peace within three months | the budget set an ambitiously high target for growth |he finally realised his ambition when he became CEO of the company | my ambition is to be a top designer approach /alprevtf/ Noun your approach to a task or problem is the particular way you deal with it Collocates: adopt an approach | take an approach | an approach to something they adopted an alternative approach to teaching English | other governments took a different approach to the crisis | our approach relies on a strong partnership with local business leaders | this opproach encourages ‘more effective planning Verb: approach {5 a teacher, | would approach the issue very alfferently | eight speakers approached the subject from different congles attention /atenf(ajn/ Noun uncount ‘attention is the thought or interest you give to something you are listening to or watching Collocates: pay attention | have/get someone's attention she never pays attention in class | his speech attracted little attention in the newspapers | can | have your attention please? |he loves being the centre of attention, (with everyone watching him) | would like to direct your ‘attention to paragraph 4 basis /bersts/ Noun to do something on a particular basis means to do it in the way described {lot of kids skip school on a regular basis (regularly) | the website is updated on a monthly bosis (every month), | she ran the gallery on a voluntary basis (as a volunteer, ‘and not as an employee or owner) | she moved to the New York office on a temporary basis bright /brart/ Adjective ‘someone who is bright is very clever and intelligent he's very bright — always top of his class | very bright young man | the brightest gir in her class | an ‘exceptionally bright student | he was slow at learning compared to his much brighter sister certificate /sa(r}tiftkat/ Noun a certificate is an official document which states that particular facts are actually true Collocates: a birth/death/marriage certificate you need to produce a doctor's certificate within two doys | you need to show your passport and your birth Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder Unit 7 certificate | you'll get an attendance certificate ot the end of the conference (a certificate saying that you attended the conference) Verb: certify | Adjective: certified Ineed a document certifying that | have registered for the course | classes are taught by certified instructors detention /dr'tenj(a)n/ Noun ‘a detention is a school punishment in which a student hhas to stay at school for some time after the other students have gone home Collocates: give someone a detention | get a detention | be in detention If they break the rules, give them a detention |! was always getting detentions at schoo! | he’s had five detentions this term | he was late home again because he was in detention discipline /drsaplin/ Noun uncount discipline is making people follow rules and punishing them if they break the rules the school belfeves in strict discipline | 1's important to ‘maintain classroom discipline | she lacks self-discipline {the ability to control her own behaviour) Verb: discipline if you break the rules, you willbe disciplined (punished) enthusiastic /rnQju:ztarstik/ Adjective ‘someone who is enthusiastic shows their interest in something in a very lively way Collocates: be enthusiastic about (doing) something | wildly enthusiastic the audience was wildly enthusiastic | she was an enthusiastic admirer of the president | he was very enthusiastic about going swimming |it was hard to feel enthusiastic about the election | my son Is an excited and enthusiastic student who loves going to schoo! Adverb: enthusiastically | Noun: enthusiasm Collocates: arouse/rouse enthusiasm | enthusiasm for something her classmates have enthusiastically welcomed her back | the idea was enthusiastically accepted by everyone at the meeting | his speech aroused a new enthusiasm among the citizens | skilled pianist, with a genuine enthusiasm for music fee Mii Noun fees are the money you have to pay for a particular the fees are s0 high that I couldn't afford to study there | university tuition fees | my solicitor charges a fee of £150 an hour | you have to pay an annual fee for membership | she left university afler a year as she couldn’ afford the fees get into /get ‘intuy/ Phrasal verbs Ifyou get into a schoo! or university, you succeed in being accepted there as a student it's really dificult to get into Oxford or Cambridge | she got into university when she was just 17 © 2016 National Geographic Learning 3lecturer /lektfara(r/ Noun a lecturer is someone who teaches at a college or university the college has 1,000 students and 75 lecturers | lecturers are expected to carry out research on top of their teaching duties | he was promoted to senior lecturer last year \a highly experienced university lecturer Noun: lecture Collocates: deliver a lecture | attend a lecture In four years there, he delivered over 500 lectures | he dattended several lectures given by Professor Ayer overseas /auva(tisiz/ Adjective you use overseas to describe people, places, or things that come from a foreign country we welcome overseas students here | it was my first ‘overseas trip | 18 million overseas visitors came to Britain last year | overseas buyers are pushing up house prices in London Adverb: overseas he often travels overseas for work | they live overseas | the company has moved production overseas produce /praidju:s! Verb if you have to produce a document, you have to prove that you have it by showing ito someone in authority you need to produce a doctor's certificate within two doys |ifyou can't produce a valid passport, you will be asked to leave the country || had to produce my driving licence before they'd let me hire the car Noun: production ‘you are permitted to drive in Zimbabwe on production of {@ full UK driving licence push /pofi Vero if you push someone to do something, you make them do it by encouraging them very firmly or forcing them to doit Collocates: push someone to do something | push someone into doing something they really push pupils to achieve high marks | her porents pushed her so hard she nearly ran away from home | they pushed me into opplying for university reputation /repjuterf(a}n/ Noun the reputation of a person, place, o organisation is how good or bad people sayitis Collocates: have a reputation for something the school has a good academic reputation | the restaurant has a reputation for bad service | the ‘company eared its reputation through the quality of its products |his reputation suffered considerably as a result of the defeat | IBM built its reputation on customer requirement /r'kwara(rjmant/ Noun ‘a requirement is something that is needed in order for ‘something else to happen, or for someone to be allowed to do something Collocates: meet/satisty/fulfl a requirement Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder Unit 7 entry requirements to study medicine are very high | the minimum requirement to enter the profession is @ degree | you must meet all egal requirements for ‘opening @ bank account | there is no foreign language requirement for students of chemistry Verb: require the law requires employers to provide paid holidays to its staff these tasks required instant decisions respect /n'spekt/ Noun uncount respect for someone is a belief that they are important and that they should be treated well and politely Collocates: gain someone's respact | have respect for someone | show respect a lack of respect It you'e strict from the start, you'l gain their respect | she never had any respect for her father | you should show more respect to your teachers | his behaviour at the funeral showed a lack of respect Verb: respect | Adjective: respected | Adjective: respectful | Adverb: respectfully Collocates: be respectful ofttowards someone or something we were tought fo respect our parents | he was a highly respected journalist | he was always very respectful towards my parents | the audience listened respectfully to all the speeches reverse /nivz(ris! Verb to reverse a decision or rule means to make the ‘opposite decision or to say that the rule is no longer arule do you think the rules should be reversed? | he wos Found guilty, but the oppeat courts reversed the decision | the previous government's policies an the economy were reversed |our roles reversed after my mother fell il ‘and I had to look after her Noun: reversal this policy reversal was completely unexpected | the economy suffered a dramatic reversal from 2008 rough /tf/ Adjective ‘rough place or district is not very safe because there is a lot of violence or crime there the schoo! isin quite @ rough area | he was brought up in a rough district of New York | he come from quite o rough background |we lived on the rough side of town skip /skrp/ Vert it you skip something, you deliberately do not do it or have it a lot of kids skip schoo! at least once a week | you shouldn't skip breakfast | et’s skip the next exercise | Claire skipped class to go shopping uniform junif>x()m/ Noun a uniform is a set of clothes that is worn by all he people In particular group, for example by the police, by soldiers in the army, or by pupils in some schools Collocates: school uniform | wear a uniform pupils have to wear uniform | my school uniform was bright green in colour | some of them were wearing ‘military uniforms | all four officers were dressed in uniform © 2016 National Geographic Learning &Adjective: uniformed dhivers must stop when a uniformed police officer asks them to | there were two uniformed guards outside the building Paces 66-67 analyse /'enalatz/ Verb if you analyse something, you examine itn a lot of detail ‘50 that you can understand and explain everything about it he analysed over 60,000 studies into student achievement | have only ust started to analyse the data from the research | scientists analysed samples of soll from the area | the results have not yet been thoroughly analysed Noun: analysis Collocates: an analysis of something | conduct an analysis the company conducted a detailed analysis of the situation | a market analysis: analysis /a'naelasts/ Noun ‘an analysis is a detailed examination of something which you do in order to understand and explain everything ‘about it Collocates: an analysis of something | conduct an analysis the company conducted a detailed anatysis of the situation | a market analysis | an in-depth analysis (0 very thorough analysis) ofthe election results | our ‘analysis of the situation is that the problem is spreading Verb: analyse he analysed over 60,000 studies into student ‘achievement | have only ust started to analyse the data from the research | the results have not yet been thoroughly analysed carry out /kaeri'aot/ Phrasal verb if you corry out a particular activity, you do it similar experiments were carried out in France | the studies were carried out in schools across three continents | he carried out a review of the company Strategy | the survey was carried out last month | his government carried out a number of important reforms debate /drbert/ Noun debate Is serlous discussion about an important tapic or decision Collocates: a debate on/about something there is a debate about how to achieve better results | we need a public debate an this subject |@ heated ‘debate (in which people become angry) | there has been ‘much debate about immigration | the issue has deeply divided France and debate has raged ever since |the shooting provoked flerce debate about police methods | avery lively debate about climote change Verb: debate the most hotly debated subject is Scottish Independence differ /'difa(ry Verb if two things difer, they are not the same as each other, Iftwo people differ, they do not agree about something Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder Unit 7 the effects of the drug differ from person to person | ‘accounts differ as to what happened next | reading speeds differed significantly | he couldn't persuade me, and we agreed to differ Adjective: different | Noun: difference Collocates: a difference between things there are different ways we can approach the problem | @ different report said that three men were involved | there’s only a small difference between the two | the difference is most noticeable from the side effective /ifektiv/ Adjective if something is effective, t succeeds in doing what itis meant to do this opproach encourages more effective planning | this ‘method was less effective at preventing the disease | ‘our marketing strategy wos very effective |a highly effective tool in the fight against crime Adverb: effectively how do you effectively manage a team?! the police did not enforce the law effectively sxceed /tk'sizd/ Verb if something exceeds another thing, itis bigger, better, or more impressive than the other thing Collocates: exceed expectations the fllm exceeded all our expectations | your essay should not exceed 750 words | the number of downloads exceeded 2 million last month | the temperature rarely exceeds 20 degrees, even in Noun: excess | Adjective: excess Collocates: in excess of something the novel sold in excess of § million copies |i they produce too much, they sell the excess to focal shops | 'm trying to lose excess weight expectation /ekspek'teyf(ajn/ Noun ‘an expectation is a situation that you think or hope will happen Collocates: exceed/surpass expectations | fullimeet expectations the film exceeded all our expectations | the meal surpassed my expectations (was much better than 1 thought it would be) | unfortunately, the hotel did not ‘meet our expectations | if you keep your expectations reasonable, you won't be disappointed Verb: expect I didn't expect to get such a high mark | she was expecting o new bike for Christmas failure (fealja(ry Noun a failure is someone or something that has not been successful Collocates: fallure to do something the whole project ended in fllure | felt | was a complete failure | the meeting was @ total failure |! was blamed for our failure to win the contract | his first novel was a total follure Verb: foil Collocates: fail to do something © 2016 National Geographic Learning 5his attempt to become on MP foiled at the election | she failed her exams | the bomb failed to explode impact /umpaekt/ Noun if something has an impact on a situation, it has a strong effect on it Collocates: have an impact (on something} the campaign had tittle impact on the way people voted | it seemed important, but it had a relatively smal! impact | exercise can reduce the impact of the disease | cleaning the water supply will have a significant impact on public health Verb: impact the strike severely impacted the company’s profits | several countries were Impacted by the crisis improvement /im'prusvmant/ Noun if there is an improvement in something, it has become better Collocates: a big/dramatic improvement | an Improvement in something he needed to assess the scale of the improvements | there has been a big improvement in your work | she noticed a dramatic improvement in his behaviour | science is always making wonderful improvements in things Verb: improve ‘my English is really improving | the economy is slowly improving | he was very il, but he’s slowly improving (becoming healthy again) | pollution control has not improved overall air quality interpretation /int3:(npriteyf(a)n/ Noun your interpretation of something Is how you understand itand what you think it means Collocates: an interpretation of something Hattie's interpretation js that passionate teachers make a difference | my interpretation of his speech is that he Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder Unit 7 {s about to resign | what's your interpretation of the report? |if your interpretation is right, then there's a serious risk of war Verb: interpret the lack of objection was interpreted os agreement | had trouble interpreting the diagram Passionate /paf(ajnat/ Adjective someone who is passionate is very enthusiastic about what they are doing, and believes in it very strongly passionate teachers make a difference | people here ‘are passionate about football |we are extremely passionate about social media | a passionate critic of the government ‘Adverb: passionately |Noun: passion he possionately believed in the freedom ofthe individuol | she spoke passionately about the need to change the law | his great passion in life is cricket score /skox(r)/ Verb if something scores, or scores well it is successful in what itis trying to achieve what factors score best in improving performance | with his second film, he scored a notable success specialise /spefalarz/ Verb if you specialise in something, you spend most of your working time or studying time on it, and know a lot, about it Collocates: specialise in something he specialised in economics at university |@ journalist who specialises in business reporting | the gallery specialises in Australian art Noun: specialist © speciatist in data analysis | i's better to employ a specialist than try and fix it yourself suggest you see ‘on eye specialist © 2016 National Geographic Learning 6EXERCISES. PREPOSITIONS: A Complete the sentences with the correct preposition. 1. The course wasn't relevant I'm organising a workshop... counselling They were very enthusiastic. visiting us. The collage has a good reputation... music. I have great respect. There is a lot of debate: the seminar. my current work my teachers. who should attend WORD FAMILIES B_ Complete the expressions with the correct form of the word in bold. 1 encouraging results, offer alatof 2 speech therapy a treatment 3 enthusiastic about painting arouse someone's 4 the guards wore uniforms ‘guards 5 analyse the data data . 6 specialise in counselling counselling COLLOCATIONS C Complete the sentences with the verbs from the box. Look up the verbs if you need help. differ skip analyse produce exceed 1 Children often unhappy. 2 Ifyou can't you in 3 He sent the results to the hospital to be 4 Twins may look the same, but thelr characters often school ifthey are a ticket, they won't let 5 You will lose marks if your essay the word limit. Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder Unit 7 ‘Match the two halves of the collocations. 1 live ina rough a) workload 2 be a complete b) failure 3 believe in strict ©) discipline in schools 4 adramatic 6) area 5 havea heavy €) improvement Choose the correct verbs to complete the collocations. Look up the nouns if you need help. 1. She sent him her essay and he gave /did her feedback. 2 The school has /shows a reputation for the arts. 3 Working too hard does / has an impact on your health 4 Please give /poy attention! 5 fhe does that again, he'll get /do a detention Complete the missing adjectives. 2 Include all the r_. 3 make e____1____g comments 4 aschool in ar__gharea 5 lucky to have such s_ -@ friends PATTERNS G Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the list. Use to + infinitive or -ing. achieve pass_—smeet_—apply play 1. She lost her job because she failed the deadline. 2 They pushed her into. 3 The teachers push the students good exam results. 4 He was enthusiastic about basketball 5 She didn't expect, for the job. the exam, © 2016 National Geographic Learning 7