Aaaa

Download as docx, pdf, or txt
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 41

The role of pharmacist in retrieving and

disseminating medication information &


the role of medication information center
apt. Eko Setiawan, M.Sc in Pharm.,
PhD. apt. Sylvi Irawati, M.Farm-Klin.,
PhD. apt. Ceclilia Brata, M. Pharm.,
PhD.
Dr. Drs. apt., A. Adji Prayitno S., M.S.
PIOLK-Fakultas
Farmasi Universitas
Surabaya 2022
Outline
• Introduction
• Role of pharmacists in the health care
system: focus in providing medication
information
• Process in providing medication information
• Overview of medication information center
Introduction
Living in the era of millenium and globalization.

Transfer of information very fast and easy


Billion of information can be found easily

Number of new medication entering the market .1

Drug as a major component in the total health


expenditure.2-4

Tendency in using commercially bias medication informa


Marketing approach by pharmacutical company was conduc
systematic manner.
The demands of independent, unbias commercially, and eva

Expectation toward the health care services 

Health care system needs to provide services


with good quality
Role of pharmacist in the health
care
Standar Profesi
Apoteker

th 2023
6
Role of pharmacists
• Prepare or supervise the dispensing of medicines, ointments and tablets
• Advise patients on how their medicines are to be taken or used in
the safest and most effective way in the treatment of common
ailments
• Advise members of the public and other health professionals about
medicines (both prescription and over-the-counter medicines),
including appropriate selection, dosage and drug interactions, potential
side effects and therapeutic effects
• Select, give advice on and supply non-prescription medicine,
sickroom supplies and other products
• Develop legally recognised standards, and advise on government
controls and regulations concerning the manufacture and supply of
medicines
• Work in the research and development of medicines and other
health- related products
• Be involved in the management of pharmaceutical companies.
7
Competencies required in INA
Standar Kompetensi:
01. Praktik kefarmasian secara professional dan etik
02. Optimalisasi penggunaan sediaan farmasi
03. Dispensing sediaan farmasi dan alat kesehatan
04. Pemberian informasi sediaan farmasi dan alat kesehatan
05. Formulasi dan produksi sediaan farmasi
06. Upaya preventif dan promotif kesehatan masyarakat
07. Pengelolaan sediaan farmasi dan alat kesehatan
08. Komunikasi efektif
09. Ketrampilan organisasi dan hubungan interpersonal
10. Peningkatan kompetensi diri
Legal aspect (1)

• Pekerjaan kefarmasian Pekerjaan Kefarmasian


menurut PP 51 tahun 2009 adalah pembuatan
termasuk pengendalian mutu Sediaan Farmasi,
pengamanan, pengadaan, penyimpanan dan
pendistribusi atau penyaluranan obat, pengelolaan
obat, pelayanan obat atas resep dokter, pelayanan
informasi obat, serta pengembangan obat, bahan
obat dan obat tradisional.
• Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No 73 tahun 2016
tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di
Apotek menentukan salah satu tugas apoteker
adalah pelayanan informasi obat.
Legal aspect (2)
UU No 8 Tahun 1999
Pasal 4

Hak konsumen adalah:


• hak atas kenyamanan, keamanan, dan keselamatan dalam mengkonsumsi barang
dan/atau jasa;
• hak untuk memilih barang dan/atau jasa serta mendapatkan barang dan/atau jasa
tersebut sesuai dengan nilai tukar dan kondisi serta jaminan yang dijanjikan;
• hak atas informasi yang benar, jelas, dan jujur mengenai kondisi dan jaminan
barang dan/atau jasa;
• hak untuk didengar pendapat dan keluhannya atas barang dan/atau jasa yang digunakan;
• hak untuk mendapatkan advokasi, perlindungan, dan upaya penyelesaian
sengketa perlindungan konsumen secara patut;
• hak untuk mendapat pembinaan dan pendidikan konsumen;
• hak untuk diperlakukan atau dilayani secara benar dan jujur serta tidak diskriminatif;
• hak untuk mendapat kompensasi, ganti rugi dan/atau penggantian, apabila barang
dan/atau jasa yang diterima tidak sesuai dengan perjanjian atau tidak sebagaimana
mestinya;
• hak-hak yang diatur dalam ketentuan peraturan perudangan lainnya.
Manfaat praktek pemberian informasi
Intervensi yang berupa structured
patient-centered discharge
interview terbukti secara signifikan
meningkatkan persentase
pengetahuan pengobatan yang
diketahui:
• tujuan penggunaannya
(adjusted difference = 6%; 95% CI
3%-8%, p<0,001);
• kemungkinan terjadinya ROTD
(adjusted difference = 19%; 95%
CI 9%-29%, p<0,001);
• perhatian khusus yang perlu
dipantau (adjusted difference =
9%; 95% CI 2%-19%, p<0,001)
Working area of pharmacist

• Community Drug Information


– PUSKESMAS Center /
Department
– APOTEK Pharmacist who have
• Hospital responsibility in the drug
information center /
• Pharmaceutical compa department: DRUG or
ny MEDICATION INFORMATION
• Drug and health devices distributor
• Medication Information Center
• Education institutional
• Government officer
What is the role of medication
information pharmacist
• Giving unbias, accurate, clear, and
critically appraised of drug, cosmetique,
and medication devices information.
• Giving SUPPORT to the community or
clinical pharmacist, medical doctor
(physician), dentist, or other health care
professionals, and community.
Process in providing medication
information
Process in providing medication information
STEP 1 Identification of
Note the problems
enquirer
and the problems

STEP 2 Searching
Note the source of info
information
process
STEP 3
Critically appraising the information & formulating the
answer
Note the answer

DOCUMENTED ALL THE PROCESS


Step 1: Identification of enquirer and
the problems
1. Identification of enquirer :
– Name
– Title
– Institution
– Urgent/not urgent
– Contact detail
Why the identity of enquirer need to be
identified

American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the provision of medication information by pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm. 1996; 53:1843–5
Step 1: Identification of enquirer and
the problems
2. Identification of the problems
 Define the true question and information need
🞑 Asking probing questions of the requestor
 What, Why, how, for whom, etc

What is the objective of identification of the problems

American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the provision of medication information by pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm. 1996; 53:1843–5
Step 1: Identification of enquirer and
the problems
3. Categorize the question
• Classify requests as patient-specific or not and by type
of question to aid in assessing the situation and
selecting resources:
– product availability,
– adverse drug event,
– compatibility,
– compounding/formulation,
– dosage/administration,
– drug interaction,
– identification,
– pharmacokinetics,
– therapeutic use/efficacy,
– safety in pregnancy and nursing,
– toxicity and poisoning
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the provision of medication information by pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm. 1996; 53:1843–5
Step 2: Searching information
process
• Need to be conducted systematically !!
– Billions of information
• Source of information: database; book;
journals; CD-ROM; expertise
• Source of information classification:
primary, secondary, tertiary
– Time limitation
How to do systematically searching information
Informas
i Obat 1

American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the provision of medication information by pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm. 1996; 53:1843–5
Step 3: Critically appraising the information an

• Critically appraising the information


– Make sure!!! the source of information used
is up to date, reliable, and accountable.
Pengobatan Berbasis Bukti

• Formulating the information:


– Shoud be fixed with the question
– Should be fixed with the background
of enquirer
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the provision of medication information by pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm. 1996; 53:1843–5
Step 3: Critically appraising the information an

• List the source of information used


to answer the question
• Make a summary of information obtained
• Anticipate the possible further question
• Communicate either verbally or written
• Follow up – if needed

American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the provision of medication information by pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm. 1996; 53:1843–5
Final step:
Documentation
• Aims:
– Traceability
– Further
evaluation
– Quality
assurance

American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the provision of medication information by pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm. 1996; 53:1843–5
Final step:
Documentation
Data should be documented:
• Date and time received.
• Requester’s name, address, method of contact (e.g., telephone or beeper
number) and category (e.g., health care discipline, patient, public).
• Person assessing medication information needs.
• Method of delivery (e.g., telephone, personal visit, mail).
• Classification of request.
• Question asked.
• Patient-specific information obtained.
• Response provided.
• References used.
• Date and time answered.
• Person responding to request.
• Estimated time in preparation and for communication.
• Materials sent to requesters.
• Outcome measures suggested (e.g., impact on patient care, improvements
in medication use, and requester satisfaction).

American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the provision of medication information by pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm. 1996; 53:1843–5
Medication Information Center
Function of medication information cente

• Respond to enquiries on therapeutic drug


use that can be given to:
– Health professionals team
– Community
– Both
FIP Pharmacy Information Section.
Requirements for drug information centres
[Internet]. 2013 [Cited 2013 Sept 2].
Available:
http://www.fip.org/files/fip/PI/Requirements
forDrugInformationCentres.pdf
Activities of medication information cent

• Providing medication information to patients and


families, health care professionals, and other personnel.
• Establishing and maintaining a formulary based on
scientific evidence of efficacy and safety, cost, and
patient factors.
• Developing and participating in efforts to prevent
medication misadventuring, including adverse drug
event and medication error reporting and analysis
programs.
• Developing methods of changing patient and
provider behaviors to support optimal medication
use.
• Publishing newsletters to educate patients, families,
and health care professionals on medication use.
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the provision of medication information by pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm. 1996; 53:1843–5
Activities of medication
information center –
• Educating providerscont
about medication-related policies
and procedures.
• Coordinating programs to support population-based
medication practices (e.g., development of medication-
use evaluation criteria and pharmacotherapeutic
guidelines).
• Coordinating investigational drug services.
• Providing continuing-education services to the health
care professional staff.
• Educating pharmacy students and residents.
• Applying health economic and outcome analysis.
• Developing and maintaining an active research program
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the provision of medication information by pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm. 1996; 53:1843–5
Example.....

• Center for Medicine


Information and
Pharmaceutical
Care (CMIPC) or
Pusat Informasi Obat
dan Layanan
Kefarmasian (PIOLK)
Riset praktek kefarmasian – PIOLK
 Memulai, melaksanakan dan mengkoordinasi
riset praktek kefarmasian
Healthy individual Primary
prevention

Individual with health problems

Secondary
PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY prevention &
HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE treatment

OUTCOME = CLINICAL, MONETARY, HUMANITY


Contoh research:
Promosi kesehatan
 Membuat media informasi tentang pemakaian
obat untuk pasien
🞑 Buku serba-serbi gangguan saluran cerna
🞑 Buku serba-serbi gangguan kesehatan pada lanjut usia
🞑 Panduan terapi aman selama kehamilan
🞑 Brosur kesehatan: obat non-resep, polio, osteoarthritis,
osteoporosis, dll
 Mendiseminasikan materi pendidikan kesehatan
dan mengkampanyekan peningkatan kesehatan
untuk meningkatkan standar pelayanan
kesehatan dasar
Visit:
 W E B S I ľ E https://piolk.ubaya.ac.id/
 P I O L K – U B A Y A:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCyhRIY3ExOQ
fKg1WHgoycUw
References
1. CenterWatch. FDA approved drugs [Internet]. 2013 [2013 Sept 2]. Avaiable
from: http://www.centerwatch.com/drug-information/fda-approvals/
2. Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy. Global comparative
pharmaceutical expenditures. Geneva, 2000
3. Canadian Institute for Health Information, Drug Expenditure in Canada, 1985
to 2011 (Ottawa, Ont.: CIHI, 2012)
4. Pongcharoensuk P. Week one: Introduction to Pharmaceutical Economics
[Unpublished lecture notes]. PYPY625: Economic Evaluation in Public
Health, Faculty of Pharmacy – Mahidol University, lecture given 1 June
2012.
5. Donohue JM, Cevasco M, Rosenthal MB. A decade of direct-to
consumer advertising of prescription drugs. N Eng J Med 2007;357:673-
81.
6. Pharmaceutical Society of Australia. What pharmacist do and where they work
[Internet]. 2013 [Cited 2013 Sept 2]. Available from:
http://www.psa.org.au/about/pharmacy-as-a-career/what-pharmacists-do-and-
where-they-work
7. Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia. Standar Kompetensi Apoteker Indonesia. 2016.
8. Ghaibi S, Ipema H, Gabay M. ASHP Guidelines on the Pharmacist’s Role
in providing Drug Information. AM J Health-Syst Pharm 2015;72:573-7.

You might also like