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    SQL - Syntax

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    Marlon Magtibay
    SQL is a language used to manage data in relational database management systems. It uses keywords and syntax to issue commands like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, ALTER, DROP and more. All SQL statements end with a semicolon and are not case sensitive. This document provides examples of common SQL statements and their syntax, including how to select, filter, group, order, insert, update, delete and manage the structure of database tables and schemas. It also covers data definition language statements for creating, altering and dropping databases, tables, indexes and more.

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    SQL - Syntax

    Uploaded by

    Marlon Magtibay
    11 views3 pages
    SQL is a language used to manage data in relational database management systems. It uses keywords and syntax to issue commands like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, ALTER, DROP and more. All SQL statements end with a semicolon and are not case sensitive. This document provides examples of common SQL statements and their syntax, including how to select, filter, group, order, insert, update, delete and manage the structure of database tables and schemas. It also covers data definition language statements for creating, altering and dropping databases, tables, indexes and more.

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    SQL is a language used to manage data in relational database management systems. It uses keywords and syntax to issue commands like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, ALTER, DROP and more. All SQL statements end with a semicolon and are not case sensitive. This document provides examples of common SQL statements and their syntax, including how to select, filter, group, order, insert, update, delete and manage the structure of database tables and schemas. It also covers data definition language statements for creating, altering and dropping databases, tables, indexes and more.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    11 views3 pages

    SQL - Syntax

    Uploaded by

    Marlon Magtibay
    SQL is a language used to manage data in relational database management systems. It uses keywords and syntax to issue commands like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, ALTER, DROP and more. All SQL statements end with a semicolon and are not case sensitive. This document provides examples of common SQL statements and their syntax, including how to select, filter, group, order, insert, update, delete and manage the structure of database tables and schemas. It also covers data definition language statements for creating, altering and dropping databases, tables, indexes and more.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    SQL - Syntax

    SQL is followed by a unique set of rules and guidelines called Syntax. This tutorial gives you a quick start with SQL by
    listing all the basic SQL Syntax.
    All the SQL statements start with any of the keywords like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, ALTER, DROP,
    CREATE, USE, SHOW and all the statements end with a semicolon (;).
    The most important point to be noted here is that SQL is case insensitive, which means SELECT and select have same
    meaning in SQL statements. Whereas, MySQL makes difference in table names. So, if you are working with MySQL, then
    you need to give table names as they exist in the database.

    Various Syntax in SQL


    All the examples given in this tutorial have been tested with a MySQL server.

    SQL SELECT Statement


    SELECT column1, column2....columnN
    FROM table_name;
    SQL DISTINCT Clause
    SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2....columnN
    FROM table_name;
    SQL WHERE Clause
    SELECT column1, column2....columnN
    FROM table_name
    WHERE CONDITION;
    SQL AND/OR Clause
    SELECT column1, column2....columnN
    FROM table_name
    WHERE CONDITION-1 {AND|OR} CONDITION-2;
    SQL IN Clause
    SELECT column1, column2....columnN
    FROM table_name
    WHERE column_name IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);
    SQL BETWEEN Clause
    SELECT column1, column2....columnN
    FROM table_name
    WHERE column_name BETWEEN val-1 AND val-2;
    SQL LIKE Clause
    SELECT column1, column2....columnN
    FROM table_name
    WHERE column_name LIKE { PATTERN };
    SQL ORDER BY Clause
    SELECT column1, column2....columnN
    FROM table_name
    WHERE CONDITION
    ORDER BY column_name {ASC|DESC};
    SQL GROUP BY Clause
    SELECT SUM(column_name)
    FROM table_name
    WHERE CONDITION
    GROUP BY column_name;
    SQL COUNT Clause
    SELECT COUNT(column_name)
    FROM table_name
    WHERE CONDITION;
    SQL HAVING Clause
    SELECT SUM(column_name)
    FROM table_name
    WHERE CONDITION
    GROUP BY column_name
    HAVING (arithematic function condition);
    SQL CREATE TABLE Statement
    CREATE TABLE table_name(
    column1 datatype,
    column2 datatype,
    column3 datatype,
    .....
    columnN datatype,
    PRIMARY KEY( one or more columns )
    );
    SQL DROP TABLE Statement
    DROP TABLE table_name;
    SQL CREATE INDEX Statement
    CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
    ON table_name ( column1, column2,...columnN);
    SQL DROP INDEX Statement
    ALTER TABLE table_name
    DROP INDEX index_name;
    SQL DESC Statement
    DESC table_name;
    SQL TRUNCATE TABLE Statement
    TRUNCATE TABLE table_name;
    SQL ALTER TABLE Statement
    ALTER TABLE table_name {ADD|DROP|MODIFY} column_name {data_ype};
    SQL ALTER TABLE Statement (Rename)
    ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;
    SQL INSERT INTO Statement
    INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2....columnN)
    VALUES ( value1, value2....valueN);
    SQL UPDATE Statement
    UPDATE table_name
    SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2....columnN=valueN
    [ WHERE CONDITION ];
    SQL DELETE Statement
    DELETE FROM table_name
    WHERE {CONDITION};
    SQL CREATE DATABASE Statement
    CREATE DATABASE database_name;
    SQL DROP DATABASE Statement
    DROP DATABASE database_name;
    SQL USE Statement
    USE database_name;
    SQL COMMIT Statement
    COMMIT;
    SQL ROLLBACK Statement
    ROLLBACK;

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