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ATOMIC STRUCTURE
(Atomic Number, Atomic Mass, Isotopes, Isobars, Isotones, Isocletronic.
1. Write the complete symbols for the nuclei (or elements) having
(i) atomic number 19, mass number, 39; no. of neutrons, 20.
(ii) atomic number 4, mass number, 9, no. of neutrons, 5.
2. Calculate the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the following nuclei.
138 25
(i) 56 Ba (ii) 12 Mg
3. Select the isotopes and isobars and isotones.
(i) 90 Th 232 (ii) 92 U 238 (iii) 92 U 235 (iv) 92 U 234 (v) 91 Pa 234

4. (a) How many isoelectronic pairs are there, N 3 , N 3 ,O   , F , NH 4

(b) Select the pairs of isotones, 1 H 2 , 2 He 3 , 14 Si 30 , 15 P 31 , 6 C13 , 7 N 14

(En, rn, Vn, )
5. Calculate the energy of an electron in the first orbit of H-atom.
6. Calculate the energy of an electron in electron volt in the second orbit of Li2+ ion.
7. Calculate the energy of an electron in the first orbit of He+.
8. Calculate the order of (E1) , (E2) and (E3) where (E1), (E2) and (E3) represent the energies.
9. Calculate the radius of third orbit of H-atom in S.I. units.
10. Calculate the velocity of an electron (in C.G.S. units) revolving in second orbit of Li2+.
11. Calculate the velocity of an electron revolving in the third orbit of Be3+.
12. Claculate the number of revolutions made by an electron revolving in third orbit of He+.
13. Calculate the ionisation energy of Li2+ in first orbit.
14. Calculate the energy of an electron in the first Bohr orbit of hydrogen.
Hydrogen Spectrum
15. Calculate the number of spectral lines emitted by atomic hydrogen excited to nth orbit.
16. Calculate the number of spectral lines emitted by hydrogen atom excited to 4th energy level.
17. Calculate the wavelength of radiation needed to excite an electron in Li2+ (Z = 3) from first to the 4th orbit.
18. In a hydrogen atom, an electron jumps from a third orbit to the first orbit. Find out the frequency and wavelength of the
spectral line. (R = 109678 cm–).
19. What will be the frequency of light emitted for an electron transition from third to the first orbit of the H-atom ? Also,
name the region of the dpectrum in which this light would appear.
20. In a H-atom, an electron jumps from energy level 4 to energy level 2. Calculate the wavelength of the spectral line
formed.
21. What will be the energy emitted when two g-atoms of hydrogen undergo transition giving the spectral lines of lowest
energy of visible region of its atomic spectra. Given, h  6.625  1034 Js, c  3  108 ms ; R H  1.1  107 m 
22. The wavelength of a certain line in the Balmer series is observed to be 434.1 nm. To what value of 'n' does this
correspond ?
23. In a Balmer series of atomic spectra of hydrogen, there is a spectral line having wavelength 434.4 nm. Calculate the
number of higher orbit from which the electron drops to generate this line. (R  10.97  106 m )
24. The energy of the electron in the second and the third Bohr orbits of the hydrogen atom are
5.42  10 12 erg and  2.41  1012 erg respectively. Calculate the wavelength of the emitted radiation when the
electron drops from the third to the second orbit.
25. Calculate the wavelength, frequency and energy of the radiation corresponding to the spectral line of lowest frequency
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in Lyman series in the spectra of hydrogen atom. Also, calculate the energy for the corresponding line in the
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spectrum of Li2+. (R H  1.09678  107 m  , c  3  108 ms , h  6.625  1034 Js). www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping
26. Calculate the wavelength, frequency, wave number and amount of energy in ergs and kilocalories per mole of radiation
emitted when an electron jumps from fifth to third orbit in a hydrogen atom. Also, name the region in which the
spectral line will appear.
-13.6 13.6
27. In H-atom, the energy of electron in the nth orbit is given as E n  2 eV . Show that E (n 1)  E n   3
eV  2
for large value of n.
n n
28. Calculate the energy required to excite one litre of hydrogen gas at 1 atm and 298 K to the first excited state of
atomic hydrogen. The energy for the dissociation of H–H bonds is 436 kJ mol–1 .
(de-Broglie Equation)
29. A beam of He atoms moves with a velocity of 2 × 103 ms–1. Find the wavelength of particles constituting the beam.
h = (6.625 × 10–34 Js). Atomic mass of He = 4 a.m.u.
30. Calculate the wavelength associated with an electron moving with a velocity of 103 ms– (h = 6.6 × 10–34kg m2s–1,
me = 9.1×10–31kg).
31. Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of –particles moving with a speed of 105 cm s–, (mass of –particles = 6.6 ×
10–27 kg).
32. What must be the velocity of a beam of electrons if they are to display a de Broglie wavelength of 100 Å (mass of
electron = 9.1  1031 kg , h  6.6  10 34 Js ).
33. Calculate the ratio between the wave length of an electron and a proton, if the proton is moving at half the velocity of
the electron (mass of proton = 1.67 × 10–27kg; mass of electron = 9.11 × 10–28g).
34. Calculate the wavelength of a particle of mass, 6.62  1027 kg moving with kinetic energy 7.425  10 13 J
(h  6.6  1034 kg m2 sec  ).
(Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle)
5 
35. Calculate the uncertainty in the position of an electron if the uncertainty in its velocity is 5.7  10 ms .
(h  6.6  1034 kg m2 s  )
36. An electron has a velocity of 5  10 6 ms 1 accurate up to 0.002% (or with 0.002% error) Calculate the uncerainty in
its position ( m  9.1  1031 kg , h  6.62  10 34 Js).
37. Calculate the uncertainty in position of an electron if uncertainty in its velocity is (i) 0.001% (ii) zero.
38. The uncertainty in measuring the speed of an accelerted electron is 12 .  105 ms1 . Calculate the uncertainty in
finding its location while it is in motion. ( h  6.6  10 Js, mass of electron = 9.1  10 31 kg )
34

39. Calculate the uncertainty in the position of a dust particle with mass equal to 1 mg if the uncertainty in its velocity is
5.5  10 20 m / s, h  6.623  10 34 Js.
40. On the basis of Heisenberg uncertainty principle, show that electron cannot exist within the atomic nucleus.
(Electronic Configuration of Elements)
41. An atom of an element has 19 electrons. What is the total number of p-electrons.
42. Give the electronic configuration of the following ions (i) H  , (ii) Na  , (iii) F  , (iv) Mg 2 .
43. Write down electronic configuration of the following and report no. of unpaired electron in each.
(a) Mn 4 (b) Cr 2 (c) Ni 2 (d) Zn 2
44. What is the maximum number of unpaired electrons in Ca, Cr and Br– ?
45. Write down electronic configuration for Fe, Fe+, Fe2+ and Fe3+ and answer the following :
(a) Total no. of electrons in Fe, Fe  , Fe 2  , Fe 3 (b) No. of s electron in Fe, Fe  , Fe 2  , Fe 3

(c) No. of p electrons in Fe, Fe  , Fe 2  , Fe 3 (d) No. of d electrons in Fe, Fe  , Fe 2  , Fe 3

(e) No. of unpaired electrons in Fe, Fe  , Fe 2  , Fe 3

Quantum Numbers
46. Maximum number of orbitals in h subshell are :
47. Give the various quantum numbers of valence electrons of potassium whose atomic number is 19.
48. An electron is present in 4f subshell. Give the possible values of its four quantum numbers.
49. What values of magnetic quantum number, m are permitted for an electron having angular momentum quantum
 number value, l  2 ? Edited with the trial version of
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50. Calculate the following for the given principle quantum number, n = 3 To remove this notice, visit:
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(iii) Maximum number of subshell (iv) Maximum electron capacity of 3d subshell.

51. Arrange the electrons represented by the following sets of quantum no. in decreasing order of energy :
1 1
(1) n  4 l0 ml  0 ms   (2) n  3 l  1 ml  1 ms  
2 2
1 1
(3) n  3 l2 ml  0 ms   (4) n  3 l0 ml  0 ms  
2 2
Magnetic moment, Orbital angular momentum etc.
52. Calculate the orbital angular momentum of an electron in (i) 3s, (ii) 4p, (iii) 5d orbitals.

53. A compound of vanadium has a magnetic moment of 1.73 B.M. Work out the electronic configuration of the vanadium
ion in the compound.
54. Find the spin angular momentum in the following cases
(i) 3P1 (ii) 4P 4 (iii) 3d 8 (iv) 4f 10
55. Find the orbital magnetic moment (  orbital ) of the following
(i) 3s (ii) 3p (iii) 4d (iv) 5f

56. Find the spin magnetic moment ( spin ) of the following

(i) 3p2 (ii) 4p6 (iii) 3d6 (iv) 5f10

57. Find the spin multiplicity in the following cases

(i) 3p3 (ii) 4s 2 (iii) 5d 8 (iv) 6f 12

58. Predict total spin for each of the following given configurations.
(a) 1s2 , 2s2 2p 5 (b) 1s2 , 2s2 2p 3 (c) 1s2 , 2s 2 2p 6 , 3s2 3p 6 , 4s2 (d) 1s2 , 2s2

Nodes /Nodal plane

59. How many radial nodes are present in the following :- 1s, 2s, 3s, 2P, 4P, 3d, 4f.
60. How many angular nodes are present in the following :- 4s, 2P, 3d, 4P, 4d, 5f, 6s, 6d
61. Find the radial nodes and planer nodes in the following
(i) 3P (ii) 3d (iii) 5f (iv) 4d (v) 4s (vi) 2s
62. Find the total nodes in the following
(i) 4P (ii) 4f (iii) 4s (iv) 2P (v) 5d (vi) 6f

-------------------------------ANSWER-------------------------------
1. Ans. (i) 19 K 39 (ii) 4 Be 9 2. Ans. (i) e   56, p   56, 0 n1  82
(ii) e   12, p   12, 0 n1  13
3. Ans. Isotopes = (ii), (iii), (iv), Isobars = (iv), (v), Isotones = (i), (iv) & (iii), (v)

4. Ans. (a) 4, (b) 3, (c) Isosters 5. Ans : –13.6 eV 6. Ans : –30.6 ev atom

7. Ans : – 52.4×105 J/mol 8. Ans : E3 > E2 > E1 9. Ans : 4.761 × 10–10 m

10. Ans : 3.27  10 8 cm sec 1 11. Ans : 2.91  106 m sec 1

12. Ans : 9.7  1014 sec 1 13. Ans : 1.962  1017 J / atom
n (n  1)
14. Ans : 2.17  10 18 j 15. Ans : 16. Ans : 6
2
15 
2.925  10 s
17. Ans : 108 Å 18. Ans :
  1025 Å
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19. Ans :   2.92  1015 s , UV 20. Ans : 4862 Å 21. Ans : 366.016 kJ
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22. Ans : n2 = 5 23. Ans : 5 24. Ans : 6.6 × 10–5www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping
cm

25. Ans :  1200 Å 26. Ans :   12500Å

  2.5 1015 sec 1   2.10  1015 s1
E  1.66 10 18 j E  8.38  109 erg / mol
E Li   1.48 10 17 j or
200KCal / mol
Region  UV

13.6  2
27. Ans : eV 28. Ans : 98.17 kJ 29. Ans : (a) 4.96 × 10–11 m
n3
30. Ans : 7.25 × 10–7 meter 31. Ans : 10–10 meter 32. Ans : 7.25  104

33. Ans : 9.16 × 102 34. Ans : 6.66  1015 35. Ans :  1010 m
36. Ans : 5.79  10 7 m 37. Ans : (i) 5.78 m (ii) Infinity

38. Ans : 4.81  1010 m 39. Ans : 9.58  10 10 m

40. Ans : velocity of e– is 200 times the velocity of light. 41. Ans : 12
42. Ans : 1S 2 , 2 S 2 , 2 P 6

43. Ans : (a) Mn 4  1s 2 ,2s 2 ,2p 6 ,3s 2 ,3p6 ,3d 3 , Unpaired e 1,s  3

(b) Cr 2  1s 2 ,2s 2 ,2p 6 ,3s 2 ,3p 6 ,3d 5 , Unpaired e 1, s  5

(c) Ni 2   1s 2 ,2s 2 ,2p 6 ,3s 2 ,3p 6 ,3d 8 , Unpaired e 1,s  2

(d) Zn 2   1s 2 , 2s 2 , 2p 6 ,3s 2 ,3p 6 ,3d10 , Unpaired e 1, s '0'

44. Ans : zero, 6, zero

45. Ans : Fe  1s 2 ,2s 2 ,2p 6 ,3s 2 ,3p 6 ,4s 2 ,3d 6 , Fe   1s 2 ,2s 2 ,2p 6 ,3s 2 ,3p 6 ,4s1 ,3d 6
Fe    1s 2 ,2s 2 ,2p 6 ,3s 2 ,3p 6 ,3d 6 , Fe     1s 2 , 2s 2 ,2p 6 ,3s 2 ,3p 6 ,3d 5
(a) 26, 25, 24, 23 (b) 8, 7, 6, 6 (c) 12, 12, 12, 12 (d) 4, 5, 4, 5
46. Ans : 11 47. Ans : –1/2
48. Ans : n  4,   3, m  3, s  1 / 2
49. Ans : m = –2, –1, 0, +1, +2

50. Ans : (i) 18 (ii) 9 (iii) 3 (iv) 10 OR (i) 2n2 (ii) n2 (iii) n (iv) 2( 2  1)

h h
51. Ans : 3>1>2>4 52. Ans : (i) zero (ii) 2 (iii) 6
2 2
53. Ans : 1S2 , 2S2 ,2P 6 ,3S 2 , 3P 6 , 3d 1

3 h h h h
54. Ans : (i) (ii) 2 (iii) 2 (iv) 6
2 2 2 2 2
55. Ans : (i) 0 (ii) 2 BM (iii) 6 BM (iv) 12 BM

56. Ans : (i) 8 BM (ii) 0 (iii) 24 BM (iv) 24 BM

57. Ans : (i) 4 (ii) 1 (iii) 3 (iv) 3
58. Ans : 0 59. Ans : (0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0) 60. Ans : (0, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2)
61. Ans : (i) 1, 1 (ii) 0, 2 (iii) 1, 3 (iv) 1, 2 (v) 3, 0 (vi) 1, 0
62. Ans : (i) 3 (ii) 3 (iii) 3 (iv) 1 (v) 4 (vi) 5