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Window Functions in SQL

Window functions allow calculations across rows related to the current row without a GROUP BY clause, preserving the original data structure. They are used to calculate running totals, moving averages, cumulative sums, and more. Window functions have five main clauses: the window function, expression, PARTITION BY, ORDER BY, and ROWS frame specification. An example query calculates the running total revenue for each product ordered by date using a window function without changing the original data.

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nikhil arora
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49 views

Window Functions in SQL

Window functions allow calculations across rows related to the current row without a GROUP BY clause, preserving the original data structure. They are used to calculate running totals, moving averages, cumulative sums, and more. Window functions have five main clauses: the window function, expression, PARTITION BY, ORDER BY, and ROWS frame specification. An example query calculates the running total revenue for each product ordered by date using a window function without changing the original data.

Uploaded by

nikhil arora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Window Functions allow you to perform

calculations across a set of rows that are


related to the current row, without the need
for a GROUP BY clause. This means you can
calculate running totals, moving averages,
cumulative sums, and much more, all while
preserving the original data structure.
1. <window_function>: This is the actual window function you
want to use, such as ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(),
DENSE_RANK(), NTILE(), SUM(), AVG(), MIN(), MAX(), etc.
2. <expression>: The column or expression on which you want
to perform the window function.
3. PARTITION BY: This clause is optional and is used to divide
the result set into partitions to which the window function will
be applied.
4. ORDER BY: This clause is also optional and is used to specify
the order in which the rows in the result set are ranked.
5. ROWS <frame_specification>: This clause is also optional
and is used to define the range of rows within a partition that
the window function will operate on.
Suppose we have a table called 'sales'
with the following data:
Let's use the example Window Function
query to calculate the running total of
revenue for each product, ordered by
date:
After applying the Window Function, the
resulting table looks like this:

The running_total column shows the


cumulative sum of the revenue for each
product_id, ordered by date, without
changing the original data structure.
50. What is the most
important skill or quality
you bring to a data
analysis role?

Answer this based on your personal


strengths, such as technical expertise,
communication skills, problem-solving
abilities,

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