EXPERIMENT III (B)

Design a low bandpass filter from analog to digital filter using

n = 3

fs = 20 % fs is a sampling frequency

fs = 20

f = 3 % f is a cut off frequency in HZ

f = 3

% For analog filters frequency must be in radians per second

fr = 18.8496

% 'butter' use for butterworth filter and 's' use for analog filter by default it gives
% low pass filter

[b,a] = butter(n,fr,'s')

b = 1×4
103 ×
0 0 0 6.6974
a = 1×4
103 ×
0.0010 0.0377 0.7106 6.6974

[bz,az] = bilinear(b,a,fs) % 'bilinear' use for bilinear transformation method

bz = 1×4
0.0420 0.1260 0.1260 0.0420
az = 1×4
1.0000 -1.2782 0.7736 -0.1594

% 'freqz' use for Frequency response of digital filter, being calculated at 1024 points

freqz(bz,az,1024,fs)

1
Design a high bandpass filter from analog to digital filter using impulse bilinear transformation
method :-

n = 3 % n is a filter order

n = 3

fs = 10 % fs is a sampling frequency

fs = 10

f = 3 % f is a cut off frequency in HZ

f = 3

% For analog filters frequency must be in radians per second

fr = 18.8496

% 'butter' use for butterworth filter and 's' use for analog filter and 'high' use for
% high pass filter

[b,a] = butter(n,fr,'high','s')

b = 1×4
1 0 0 0
a = 1×4
103 ×

2
 0.0010 0.0377 0.7106 6.6974

[bz,az] = bilinear(b,a,fs) % bilinear use for bilinear transformation method

bz = 1×4
0.1819 -0.5456 0.5456 -0.1819
az = 1×4
1.0000 -0.1086 0.3365 -0.0099

% 'freqz' use for Frequency response of digital filter, being calculated at 1024 points

freqz(bz,az,1024,fs)

Design a stop band filter from analog to digital filter using impulse bilinear transformation method :-

n = 3 % n is a filter order

n = 3

fs = 20 % fs is a sampling frequency

fs = 20

f1 = 3 % f1 is a first cut off frequency in HZ

f1 = 3

f2 = 6 % f2 is a second cut off frequency in HZ

f2 = 6

3
 % For analog filters frequency must be in radians per second
fr1 = 2*pi*f1 % fr1 is a first frequency in radians per second

fr1 = 18.8496

fr2 = 2*pi*f2 % fr2 is a second frequency in radians per second

fr2 = 37.6991

% 'butter' use for butterworth filter and 's' use for analog filter and 'stop' use for
% stopband filter

[b,a] = butter(n,[fr1,fr2],'stop','s')

b = 1×7
108 ×
0.0000 0 0.0000 0 0.0151 0 3.5884
a = 1×7
108 ×
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0006 0.0202 0.1904 3.5884

[bz,az] = bilinear(b,a,fs) % bilinear use for bilinear transformation method

bz = 1×7
0.5262 -1.2153 2.5143 -2.6707 2.5143 -1.2153 0.5262
az = 1×7
1.0000 -1.8303 2.8943 -2.4982 1.9101 -0.7728 0.2766

% 'freqz' use for Frequency response of digital filter, being calculated at 1024 points

freqz(bz,az,1024,fs)

4
Design a pass band filter from analog to digital filter using impulse bilinear transformation method :-

n = 3 % n is a filter order

n = 3

fs = 20 % fs is a sampling frequency

fs = 20

f1 = 3 % f1 is a first cut off frequency in HZ

f1 = 3

f2 = 6 % f2 is a second cut off frequency in HZ

f2 = 6

% For analog filters frequency must be in radians per second

fr1 = 18.8496

fr2 = 2*pi*f2 % fr2 is a second frequency in radians per second

fr2 = 37.6991

% 'butter' use for butterworth filter and 's' use for analog filter and 'bandpass' use for
% pass band filter

5
[b,a] = butter(n,[fr1,fr2],'bandpass','s')

b = 1×7
103 ×
0 0 0 6.6974 0 0 0
a = 1×7
108 ×
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0006 0.0202 0.1904 3.5884

[bz,az] = bilinear(b,a,fs) % bilinear use for bilinear transformation method

bz = 1×7
0.0183 -0.0000 -0.0549 -0.0000 0.0549 0.0000 -0.0183
az = 1×7
1.0000 -1.8303 2.8943 -2.4982 1.9101 -0.7728 0.2766

% 'freqz' use for Frequency response of digital filter, being calculated at 1024 points

freqz(bz,az,1024,fs)