10

NAME:____________________________________________________
GRADE/SECTION:________________________________________

TLE
Computer System
Servicing
Quarter IV – Week 1 & 2
Planning, Identifying,
and Obtaining Cable Routes

CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY
TLE – Computer System Servicing - Grade 10
Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets (CLAS)
Quarter III - Week 1 & 2: Planning, Identifying, and Obtaining Cable Routes
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Schools Division of Puerto Princesa City

Development Team of the Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets

Writer: Cristy Logan

Content Editor: Jay Art N. Tabang
Language Editor: Anna May E. Naelgas
Proofreader: Jay Art N. Tabang
Reviewer: Dr. Dennis M. Lucas PhD, Rex K. Ignacio
Illustrator: Kathleen Mae Y. Llamera, Jeric B. Sandoy
Layout Artist: Cristy Logan, Cristine D. Eleazar

Management Team:
Servillano A. Arzaga, CESO V, SDS
Loida P. Adornado PhD, ASDS
Cyril C. Serador PhD, CID Chief
Ronald S. Brillantes, EPS-LRMS Manager
Dennis M. Lucas PhD, EPS-EPP/TLE/TVL
Eva Joyce C. Presto, PDO II
Rhea Ann A. Navilla, Librarian II

Division LR Evaluators: Ronald S. Brilliantes, Rosario T. Gonzales, Liezl O. Arosio,

Jim Paul M. Belgado, Karl Gabriel G. Buenafe,
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Division of Puerto Princesa City-Learning Resource Management Section (LRMS)

Sta. Monica Heights, Brgy. Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City
Telephone No.: (048) 434 9438
Email Address: [email protected]
 Lesson 1

Planning, Identifying,
and Obtaining Cable Routes
Learning Competencies:

LO 1 Install network cables (TLE_IACSS9-12SUCN-IVa-j-33)

1.1 Plan cable routes in accordance with network design and actual installation site
1.2 Determine cable routes in accordance with network design and actual installation
site
1.3 Identify necessary network materials in accordance with established procedures
and check against system requirements
1.4 Obtain necessary network materials in accordance with established procedures
and check against system requirements
Objectives:
1. Identify the cable routes
2. Determine necessary network materials
3. Illustrate LAN connections;

Let’s Try
Directions: Read the following questions carefully and choose the letter
that best describes the answer. Write your answer on the
space provided before each number.

____1. Which of the following device is used to interconnect networks?

A. Device Selection Factors C. Intranetwork Devices
B. Internetwork Devices D. Switch
____2. Which of the following is not part when using crossover cables for connecting?
A. Router to router C. Switch to router
B. Switch to hub D. Switch to switch
____3. Which of the following device is used to create a LAN to select the appropriate devices
to connect the end device to the network?
A. Device Selection Factors C. Intranetwork Devices
B. Internetwork Devices D. Switch
____4. Which of the following refers to the cables connecting the telecommunication rooms
with the work areas?
A. Backbone Cabling C. Cable Length
B. Bandwidth D. Horizontal Cabling
____5. Which of the following device receives a signal, regenerates it, and sends the signal
over all ports?
A. Hub C. Intranetwork Devices
B. Internetwork Devices D. Switch
____6. Which of the following device is used to segment a network into multiple collision
domains?
A. Hub C. Intranetwork Devices
B. Internetwork Devices D. Switch
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____7. Which of the following is not part when planning the installation of LAN cabling?
A. Backbone cabling C. Switch
B. Distribution cabling D. Work area
____8. What is the total length of cable required to connect a device includes all cables from
the end devices in the work area to the intermediary device in the telecommunication
room?
A. Backbone Cabling C. Cable Length
B. Bandwidth D. Horizontal Cabling
____9. Which of the following is used to connect the telecommunication rooms to
the equipment rooms, where the servers are often located?
A. Backbone Cabling C. Cable Length
C. Bandwidth D. Horizontal Cabling
____10. Which of the following cable is directly connected between the two, the
transmit terminal of one device needs to be connected to the receive terminal of the
other device.?
A. Backbone Cabling C. Horizontal Cabling
B. Crossover UTP Cables D. Straight-through UTP Cables

Let’s Explore and Discover

LANs - Making the Physical Connection
Choosing the Appropriate LAN Device
Unlocking of Difficulties
For this course, the choice of which
router to Deploy is determined by the Ethernet LAN – a network that links together
interfaces that match the technology of the computers and peripheral equipment
switches at the center of the LAN. It is
important to note that routers offer many WAN – is a large network of information
services and features to the LAN. These that is not tied to a single location
services and features are covered in the more UTP – is a cable used in computer
advanced courses. Each LAN will have a networking that consist of two shielded
router as its gateway connecting the LAN to wires twisterd around each other
other networks. Inside the LAN will be one or
more hubs or switches to connect the end
devices to the LAN.
Internetwork Devices - Routers
are the primary devices used to
interconnect networks. Each port on a
router connects to a different network and
routes packets between the networks.
Routers are also used to interconnect
network s that use different technologies.
They can have both LAN and WAN
interfaces. The router's LAN interfaces
allow routers to connect to the LAN media.
This is usually UTP cabling, but modules
can be added for using fiber-optics.
Depending on the series or model of router,
there can be multiple interface types for
connection of LAN and WAN cabling.
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 Intranetwork Devices - To create a
LAN, we need to select the appropriate
devices to connect the end device to the
network. The two most common devices
used are hubs and switches.
Hub – A hub is a physical layer
networking device which is used to connect
multiple devices in a network. They are
generally used to connect computers in a
LAN. A hub has many ports in it. A
computer which intends to be connected to
the network is plugged in to one of these
ports. When a data frame arrives at a port,
it is broadcast to every other port, without
considering whether it is destined for a
particular destination or not.
Switch - A switch is a data link layer networking device which connects devices in
a network and uses packet switching to send and receive data over the network.
Device Selection Factors - To meet user requirements, a LAN needs to be planned
and designed. Planning ensures that all requirements, cost factors and deployment
options are given due consideration. When selecting a device for a particular LAN, there
are a number of factors that need to be considered. These factors include, but are not
limited to:
• Cost
• Speed and Types of Ports/Interfaces
• Expandability
• Manageability
• Additional Features and Services
Factors to Consider in Choosing a Switch
- Although there are many factors that must be
considered when selecting a switch, the next topic
will explore two: cost and interface characteristics.
Cost –Using a simple "cost per port"
calculation, it may appear initially that the best
option is to deploy one large switch at a central
location. However, this apparent cost savings may
be offset by the expense from the longer cable
lengths required to connect every device on the
LAN to one switch. This option should be
compared with the cost of deploying a number of
smaller switches connected by a few long cables to
a central switch. Another cost consideration is how
much to invest in redundancy. The operation of the
entire physical network is affected if there are
problems with a single central switch.
Speed and Types of Ports/Interface - The
need for speed is ever-present in a LAN
environment. Newer computers with built-in
10/100/1000 Mbps NICs are available. Choosing
Layer 2 devices that can accommodate increased
speeds allows the network to evolve without
replacing the central devices. When selecting a

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switch, choosing the number and type of ports is a critical decision. Ask yourself these
questions: Would you purchase a switch with:
• Just enough ports for today's needs?
• A mixture of UTP speeds?
• Both UTP and fiber ports?
Consider carefully how many UTP ports will be needed and how many fiber ports will be
needed. Likewise, consider how many ports will need 1 Gbps capability and how many ports
only require 10/100 Mbps bandwidths. Also, consider how soon more ports will be needed.
Factors to Consider in Choosing a Router - When s electing a router, we need to
match the characteristics of the router to its purpose. Similar to the switch, cost and
interface types and speeds must be considered as well. Additional factors for choosing a
router include:
• Expandability
• Media
• Operating System Features
• Expandability
Networking devices, such as routers and switches, come in both fixed and modular
physical configurations. Fixed configurations have a specific number and type of ports or
interfaces. Modular devices have expansion slots that provide the flexibility to add new
modules as requirements evolve. Most modular devices come with a basic number of fixed
ports as well as expansion slots. Since routers can be used for connecting different numbers
and types of networks, care must be taken to select the appropriate modules and interfaces
for the specific media.
Operating System Features - Depending on the version of the operating system, the
router can support certain features and services such as:
• Security
• Quality of Service (QoS)
• Voice over IP (VoIP)
• Routing multiple Layer 3 protocols
• Special services such as Network Address Translation (NAT) and Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

For the selection of devices, the budget is an important consideration. Routers can
be expensive based on interfaces and features needed. Additional modules, such as fiber-
optics, can increase the costs. The media used to connect to the router should be supported
without needing to purchase additional modules. This can keep costs to a minimum.

Device Interconnections
LAN and WAN - Getting Connected
When planning the installation of LAN cabling, there are four physical areas to consider:
• Work area
• Telecommunications room, also known as the distribution facility
• Backbone cabling, also known as vertical cabling
• Distribution cabling, also known as horizontal cabling
Total Cable Length - For UTP installations, the ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B standard
specifies that the total combined length of cable spanning the four areas listed above is
limited to a maximum distance of 100 meters per channel. This standard specifies there
can be up to 5 meters of patch cable for interconnecting patch panels. There can be up to
5 meters of cable from the cable termination point on the wall to the telephone or computer.
Work Areas - The work areas are the locations devoted to the end devices used by
individual users. Each work area has a minimum of two jacks that can be used to connect
an individual device to the network. We use patch cables to connect individual devices to
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these wall jacks. The EIA/TIA standard specifies that the UTP patch cords used to connect
devices to the wall jacks have a maximum length of 10 meters. Straight-through cable is
the most common patch cable used in the work area. This type of cable is used to connect
end devices, such as computers, to a network. When a hub or switch is placed in the work
area, a crossover cable is typically used to connect the device to the wall jack.
Horizontal Cabling - Horizontal cabling refers to the cables connecting the
telecommunication rooms with the work areas. The
maximum length for a cable from a termination
point in the telecommunication room to the
termination at the work area outlet must not exceed
90 meters. This 90 meter maximum horizontal
cabling distance is referred to as the permanent link
because it is installed in the building structure. The
horizontal media runs from a patch panel in the
telecommunications room to a wall jack in each
work area. Connections to the devices are made
with patch cables.
Backbone Cabling - Backbone cabling refers
to the cabling used to connect the
telecommunication rooms to the equipment rooms,
where the servers are often located. Backbone
cabling also interconnects multiple telecommunications rooms throughout the facility.
These cables are sometimes routed outside the building to the WAN connection or ISP.
Backbones, or vertical cabling, are used for aggregated traffic, such as traffic to and from
the Internet and access to corporate resources at a remote location. A large portion of the
traffic from the various work areas will use the backbone cabling to access resources outside
the area or facility. Therefore, backbones typically require high bandwidth media such as
fiber-optic cabling.
Types of Media - Choosing the cables necessary to make a successful LAN or WAN
connection requires consideration of the different media types. As you recall, there are many
different Physical layer implementations that support multiple media types:
• UTP (Category 5, 5e, 6, and 7)
• Fiber-optics
• Wireless
Each media type has its advantages and disadvantages. Some of the factors to consider
are:
• Cable length - Does the cable need to span across a room or from building to
building?
• Cost - Does the budget allow for using a more expensive media type?
• Bandwidth - Does the technology used with the media provide adequate
bandwidth?
• Ease of installation - Does the implementation team have the ability to install the
cable or is a vendor required?
• Susceptible to EMI/RFI - Is the local environment going to interfere with the signal?
Cable Length - The total length of cable required to connect a device includes all
cables from the end devices in the work area to the intermediary device in the
telecommunication room (usually a switch). This includes cable from the devices to the wall
plug, the cable through the building from wall plug to the cross-connecting point, or patch
panel, and cable from patch panel to the switch. If the switch is located in a
telecommunication rooms on different floors in a building or in different buildings, the cable
between these points must be included in the total length. Attenuation is reduction of the
strength of a signal as it moves down a media. The longer the media, the more attenuation

5
will affect the signal. At some point, the signal will not be detectable. Cabling distance is a
significant factor in data signal performance. Signal attenuation and exposure to possible
interference increase with cable length. For example, when using UTP cabling for Ethernet,
the horizontal (or fixed) cabling length needs to stay within the recommended maximum
distance of 90 meters to avoid attenuation of the signal. Fiber-optic cables may provide a
greater cabling distance-up to 500 meters to a few kilometers depending on the technology.
However, fiber-optic cable can also suffer from attenuation when these limits are reached.
Cost - The cost associated with LAN cabling can vary from media type to media type,
and the staff might not realize the impact on the budget. In a perfect setting, the budget
would allow for fiber-optic cabling to every device in the LAN. Although fiber provides greater
bandwidth than UTP, the material and installation costs are significantly higher. In practice,
this level of performance is not usually required and is not a reasonable expectation in most
environments. Network designers must match the performance needs of the users with the
cost of the equipment and cabling to achieve the best cost/performance ratio.
Bandwidth – Bandwidth is the amount of information that can be sent over a
network connection at one time. The higher the bandwidth a network has, the more data it
can send back and forth. For example, a server generally has a need for more bandwidth
than a computer dedicated to a single user. For a server connection, consider media that
will provide high bandwidth, and can grow to meet increased bandwidth requirements and
newer technologies. A fiber cable may be a logical choice for a server connection.
Ease of Installation - The ease of cable installation varies according to cable types
and building architecture. Access to floor or roof spaces, and the physical size and
properties of the cable influence how easily a cable can be installed in various buildings.
Cables in buildings are typically installed in raceways. A raceway is an enclosure or tube
that encloses and protects the cable. A raceway also keeps cabling neat and easy to thread.
UTP cable is relatively lightweight and flexible and has a small diameter, which allows it to
fit into small spaces. The connectors, RJ-45 plugs, are relatively easy to install and are a
standard for all Ethernet devices. Many fiber-optic cables contain a thin glass fiber. This
creates issues for the bend radius of the cable. Crimps or sharp bends can break the fiber.
Wireless networks require cabling, at some point, to connect devices, such as access points,
to the wired LAN. Because there are fewer cables required in a wireless network, wireless is
often easier to install than UTP or fiber cable. However, a wireless LAN requires more careful
planning and testing. Also, there are many external factors, such as other radio frequency
devices and building construction, that can effect its operation.

TYPES OF INTERFACES
In an Ethernet LAN, devices use one of two types of UTP interfaces - MDI or MDIX.
The MDI (media-dependent interface) uses the normal Ethernet pinout. Pins 1 and 2 are
used for transmitting and pins 3 and 6 are used for receiving. Devices such as computers,
servers, or routers will have MDI connections. The devices that provide LAN connectivity -
usually hubs or switches - typically use MDIX (media-dependent interface, crossover)
connections. The MDIX cables swap the transmit pairs internally. This swapping allows the
end devices to be connected to the hub or switch using a straight-through cable. Typically,
when connecting different types of devices, use a straight-through cable. And when
connecting the same type of device, use a crossover cable.

Straight-through UTP Cables - A straight-through cable has connectors on each end that
are terminated the same in accordance with either the T568A or T568B standards. Use
straight-through cables for the following connections:
• Switch to a router Ethernet port
• Computer to switch
• Computer to hub

6
Crossover UTP Cables - For two devices to communicate through a cable that is directly
connected between the two, the transmit terminal of one device needs to be connected to
the receive terminal of the other device. Crossover cables directly connect the following
devices on a LAN:

• Switch to switch
• Switch to hub
• Hub to hub
• Router to router Ethernet port connection
• Computer to computer
• Computer to a router Ethernet port
• crossover cable T568A T568B
Use straight-through cables for Use crossover cables for connecting:
connecting: • Switch to switch
• Switch to router • Switch to hub
• Computer to switch • Hub to hub
• Computer to hub • Router to router
• Computer to computer
• Computer to router

(Source: “Planning and Cabling Networks,”Highteck.net, accessed April 12, 2021,

http://www.highteck.net/EN/Cabling/Planning_and_Cabling_Networks.html..)

Sample Cable Routes

Nilo plan to open a small
computer shop business in
Barangay Napsan with 4 client
computer and 1 server computer
and also a printer and a Switch
Hub.

This is the layout of Nilo’s

computer shop.

Connect two computers using aConnect crossover twocable

computers using a
crossover cable
If your computers are on wired network, you can network two computers and then
share files and folders, But it’s a lot of work!
If your computers are on wired network,
you can network two computers and then
share files and folders, But it’s a lot of
work!

7
 Let’s Practice
ACTIVITY 1 Directions: Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement
is false.

________1. A straight-through cable has connectors on each end that are

terminated the same in accordance with either the T568A or T568B
standards.
________2. Horizontal cabling refers to the cables connecting the telecommunication
rooms with the work areas.
________3. Crossover UTP Cables is directly connected between the two, the
transmit terminal of one device needs to be connected to the receive
terminal of the other device.
________4. Intranetwork Devices are the primary devices used to interconnect
networks.
________5. The port can be changed from MDI to MDIX by engaging the mechanism.

ACTIVITY 2 Direction: Match the meaning of the word from Column A to

column B. Write your answer in the space provided.

A B
________1. Cost A. It is used to interconnect networks.
________2. Hub B. It is used to create a LAN to select the
appropriate devices to connect the end
device to the network

________3. Intranetwork Devices C. It is used to segment a network into

multiple collision domains.

________4. Internetwork Devices D. It is used to receives a signal,

regenerates it, and sends the signal over all
ports
________5. Switch E. It includes the number and types of ports
available and the switching speed.

Among the devices presented, which of them is the most important thing to do and why?

8
 Let’s Do More
ACTIVITY 1 Direction: Create a plan for 2 computer transferring files using
crossover UTP cable. Draw it on the space below.

ACTIVITY 2 Direction: Create a plan for your computer shop with 4

client, switch hub, router and 1 server. Draw it on the space
below.

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 Let’s Sum It Up

Activity 1 Directions: Choose your answer from the words inside the box.

Backbone cabling Horizontal cabling Cable Length

Straight-through UTP
Crossover UTP cables Hub
Cables

____________________1. It has connectors on each end that are terminated the same in
accordance with either the T568A or T568B standards.
____________________2. It interconnects multiple telecommunications rooms throughout
the facility.
____________________3. It refers to the total length of cable required to connect a device
includes all cables from the end devices in the work area to the
intermediary device in the telecommunication room
____________________4. It refers to the cables connecting the telecommunication rooms
with the work areas.
____________________5. It is a cable that is directly connected between the two, the
transmit terminal of one device needs to be connected to the
receive terminal of the other device.

Activity 2 Directions: Complete the paragraph by filling the correct answer.

In an Ethernet LAN, devices use one of two types of UTP interfaces - MDI or MDIX.
The ______________________________ uses the normal Ethernet pinout. ____________________
are used for transmitting and pins 3 and 6 are used for receiving. Devices such as computers,
servers, or routers will have MDI connections. The devices that provide LAN connectivity -
usually ____________________ - typically use MDIX (media-dependent interface, crossover)
connections. The MDIX cables swap the transmit pairs internally. This swapping allows the
end devices to be connected to the hub or switch using a straight-through cable. Typically,
when connecting different types of devices, use a ________________________________. And when
connecting the same type of device, use a _______________________________.

10
 Let’s Assess
Directions: Read each question carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the
space provided before the number.

____1. Which of the following device is used to create a LAN to select the appropriate devices
to connect the end device to the network?
A. Device Selection Factors C. Intranetwork Devices
B. Internetwork Devices D. Switch
____2. Which of the following is not part when planning the installation of LAN cabling?
A. Backbone cabling C. Switch
B. Distribution cabling D. Work area
____3. Which of the following refers to the cables connecting the telecommunication rooms
with the work areas?
A. Backbone Cabling C. Cable Length
B. Bandwidth D. Horizontal Cabling
____4. What is the total length of cable required to connect a device includes all cables from
the end devices in the work area to the intermediary device in the telecommunication
room?
A. Backbone Cabling C. Cable Length
B. Bandwidth D. Horizontal Cabling
____5. Which of the following is not part when using crossover cables for connecting?
A. Router to router C. Switch to router
B. Switch to hub D. Switch to switch
____6. Which of the following device receives a signal, regenerates it, and sends the signal
over all ports?
A. Hub C. Intranetwork Devices
B. Internetwork Devices D. Switch
____7. Which of the following is used to connect the telecommunication rooms to
the equipment rooms, where the servers are often located?
A. Backbone Cabling C. Cable Length
B. Bandwidth D. Horizontal Cabling
____8. Which of the following device is used to segment a network into multiple collision
domains?
A. Hub C. Intranetwork Devices
B. Internetwork Devices D. Switch
____9. Which of the following cable that is directly connected between the two, the
transmit terminal of one device needs to be connected to the receive terminal of the
other device.?
A. Backbone Cabling C. Horizontal Cabling
B. Crossover UTP Cables D. Straight-through UTP Cables
____10. Which of the following device is used to interconnect networks?
A. Device Selection Factors C. Intranetwork Devices
B. Internetwork Devices D. Switch

11
 Answer Key
Let’s Try Let’s Practice Let’s Do More
Activity 1 Activity
1. B 6. D Activity 1 Activity 2
2. C 7. C
3. C 8. C 1. T 1. E
4. D 9. A 2. T 2. D
5. A 10. B 3. T 3. B
4. F 4. A 2
5. T 5. C

Let’s Sum It Up Let’s

Assess
Activity 1 Activity 2
1. Straight – through UTP cables 1. MDI (Media-dependent interface) 1. C 6.A
2. Backbone cabling 2. Pins 1 and 2 2. C 7. A
3. Cable length 3. Hubs or switches 3. D 8. D
4. Horizontal cabling 4. Straight – through cable 4. C 9. B
5. Cross over UTP cables 5. Cross over cable 5. C 10. B

References
Website
Highteck. “Planning and Cabling networks.” Accessed April 12, 2021.
http://www.highteck.net/EN/Cabling/Planning_and_Cabling_Networks.html.

Dictionary.com. “Definition of LAN.” Accessed April 19, 2021.

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/lan.

Comptia.org. “Wide Area Network Definition Computer Networks.” Accessed April 19,
2021. https://www.comptia.org/content/guides/what-is-a-ide-area-network.

Tutorialspoint. “What are Hub and Switch in Computer network.” Accessed April 19,
2021. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/what-are-hub-and-switch-in-computer-
network.

12
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