Grade 10 Maths - Standard Paper 1 - Q - S

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Q.No.

1: If m − 1, 3m + 3, and 4m − 5 are in an AP, what is the value of m?


Solution: Given that, m − 1, 3m + 3 and 4m − 5 are in an AP.
Therefore, the difference between any two consecutive terms will be the same.
⇒ (4m − 5) − (3m + 3) = (3m + 3) − (m − 1)

⇒ 4m − 5 − 3m − 3 = 3m + 3 − m + 1

⇒ m − 8 = 2m + 4

⇒ 2m − m = −8 − 4

⇒ m = −12
Hence, the value of m is −12.
Q.No.2: What is the sum of the first 900 natural numbers?
Solution: First 900 natural numbers are 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., 900 forms an AP.
First term (a) = 1
Last term (l) = 900
Number of terms (n) = 900
n
Sn = (a + l)
2

900
⇒ S900 = (1 + 900)
2

⇒ S900 = 405450

Hence, the sum of the first 900 natural numbers is 405450.


Q.No.3: Check whether the following is a quadratic equation: 
2
(x − 1) − 2 = (4x − 5) (x − 1)
2
LHS=(x − 1) − 2

Solution:  =x
2
+ 1 − 2x − 2

2
=x − 2x − 1 

RHS=(4x − 5) (x − 1)

2
=4x − 5x − 4x + 5

2
=4x − 9x + 5

Then,
 
2 2
x − 2x − 1 = 4x − 9x + 5

2
⇒ 3x − 7x + 6 = 0

Since 3x2 − 7x + 6 = 0  is of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0 , therefore it is a


quadratic equation.
Q.No.4: A tangent PQ cuts the circle of centre O at a point P such that PQ = 40
cm and OQ = 41 cm. What is the radius of the circle?
Solution: Since tangent at a point is perpendicular to the radius through that
point, therefore, OP is perpendicular to PQ. 

Now, in right triangle OPQ,


OQ2 = OP2 + PQ2
2 2 2
⇒ 41 = OP + 40

2 2 2
⇒ OP = 41 − 40

⇒ OP = √81

⇒ OP = 9  cm
Hence, the radius of the circle is 9 cm.
Q.No.5: Rahul decided to paint his playing top(lattu) with crayons. The top is
shaped like a cone of lateral height 30 cm and radius 14 cm surmounted by a
hemisphere. He wishes to paint the conical part in blue and the circular part in
red. What is the ratio of the area to be painted in red and blue?
Solution: Curved surface area of hemisphere = 2πr2
22
∴ Red   painted   area=2 × × 14 × 14
​ 7

2
=1232  cm

Curved surface area of cone = πrl


22
∴ Blue   painted   area= × 14 × 30
7

2
=1320  cm
1232
∴ Required   ratio=
1320

14
=
15

Hence, the ratio of the area to be painted in red and blue is 14 : 15.


Q.No.6: Find the mean of the distribution by the assumed mean method.
 
x 1 2 3 4 5
f 6 4 12 8 10
Solution: Let the assumed mean be a = 3.
 
xi fi di = xi − a fidi
1 6 −2 −12
2 4 −1 −4
a=3 12 0 0
4 8 1 8
5 10 2 20
  ∑fi = 40   ∑fidi = 12
Σfi di
∴ Mean=a +
Σfi

12
=3 +
40

=3 + 0. 3

=3. 3

Hence, the mean of the distribution is 3.3.


Q.No.7: Find the roots of the quadratic equation  x2 + 5x + 4 = 0  by using the
quadratic formula.
Solution: x2 + 5x + 4 = 0
2
Standard   form   of   quadratic   equation   is  ax + bx + c = 0.

2
 D = b − 4ac

Here  b = 5,  a = 1,  c = 4

2
⇒ D = 5 − 4 × 1 × 4

         = 25 − 16

         = 9
Now,
−b±√D
x=
2a

−5±√9
=
2×1

−5±3
=
2

−8 −2
= , 
2 2

=−4,   − 1

Hence, the roots of the given quadratic equation are −4  and   − 1 .
Q.No.8: What is the nature of the roots of the quadratic equation 
x + 10x − 1200 = 0? Find the roots using the factorization method.
2
Solution: Given: x2 + 10x − 1200 = 0
Clearly 40 − 30 = 10 and (40)(−30) = −1200
∴ x2 + 40x − 30x − 1200 = 0
⇒ x(x + 40) − 30(x + 40) = 0
⇒ (x + 40)(x − 30) = 0
⇒ x = −40 and x = 30
Hence, the roots are −40 and 30.
Q.No.9: Calculate the median for the following frequency distribution:
 
Class-
0 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50
interval
cf 5 15 30 8 2
Solution: The given frequency table is of less than type represented with
upper-class limits.
Therefore, class intervals with their respective cumulative frequency can be
defined as below.
 
Frequency Cumulative frequency
Class-interval
(f) (cf)
0 - 10 5 5
10 - 20 15 20
20 - 30 30 50
30 - 40 8 58
40 - 50 2 60
 
From the table, it can be observed that the cumulative frequency just greater
than is 50, corresponding to class-interval 20 - 30.
n 60
(i. e. ,   = 30)
2 2

Median class = 20 - 30
Lower limit (l) of median class = 20
Class size (h) = 10
Frequency (f) of median class = 30
Cumulative frequency (cf) of class preceding the median class = 20
n

−cf
2
∴ Median=l + ( ) × h
f

30−20
=20 + ( ) × 10
30

100
=20 +
30

10
=20 +
3

1
=23
3

Hence, the median of the distribution is .


1
23
3
Q.No.10: While playing, a wooden pole breaks by a boy and the broken part
bends so that the top of the pole touches the ground making an angle 30° with
it. The distance between the foot of the pole to the point where the top touches
the ground is 14 m. Find the height of the pole.
Solution: 
Let BC
bethe or ig ∈ alpo ≤ . Later, itwasbroken∫ otwoparts. T hebrokenpartC is

making an angle of 30° with the ground.

In ∆ABC, we have
BC
tan 30° =
AB

1 BC
⇒ =
√3 14

14
⇒ BC =  m
√3

And,
AB
cos 30° =
AC

√3
14
⇒ =
2 AC

28
⇒ AC =  m
√3

28
⇒ CC ' =  m  [∵ AC = CC ']
√3

∴ Height of pole = CC` + BC


28 14
= +
√3 √3

42
=
√3

= 14√3 m

Hence, the height of the pole is 14√3 m .


Q.No.11: 
From the top of a 100 m high lighthouse from the sea level, the angles of
depression of the two ships are 45° and 60°. If both the ships are on the
different sides of the lighthouse, find the distance between the two ships.
Solution: 
Let AB be the lighthouse and the two ships be at points C and D respectively.

In ΔABC,
BC
tan 45° =
AB

BC
⇒ 1 =
100

⇒ BC = 100 m
In ΔABD,
BD
tan 60° =
AB

BD
⇒ √3 =
100

⇒ BD = 100√3 m

∴ CD = BC + BD = 100 (√3 + 1)

Hence, the distance between the two ships is 100 (√3 + 1) m.


Q.No.12: Draw a line segment MN which is divided by point O such that 
.
MO 3
=
MN 7
Solution: Given:  MN
MO 3
=
7

⇒ MO : ON = 3 : 4
1. Draw a line segment MN.
2. Draw a ray MX making an acute angle with MN.
3. Locate m = 3 points on the ray MX such that each part is equal.
4. Now, draw a ray NY which is parallel to MX and again make n = 4 points on
the ray NY such that each part is equal.
5. Since the line segment is to be divided in the ratio 3 : 4, join the third
division on MX and the fourth division of NY.
Hence, the figure obtained is as follows:
Q.No.13: Find the mode of the following data:
 
Class-interval 0 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50
Frequency 5 8 10 7 5
Solution: From the data, it can be observed that the maximum frequency is
10, belonging to class-interval 20 - 30.
Therefore, modal class = 20 - 30
Lower class limit (l) of modal class = 20
Frequency (f1) of modal class = 10
Frequency (f0) of class preceding the modal class = 8
Frequency (f2) of class succeeding the modal class = 7
Class size (h) = 10
f1 −f0
∴ Mode=l + ( ) × h
2f1 −f0 −f2

10−8
=20 + ( ) × 10
2×10−8−7

20
=20 +
5

=24

Hence, the mode of the distribution is 24.


Q.No.14: Two tangents AB and AC are drawn on a circle with center O and
radius 5 cm. Another tangent DF is drawn such that it cuts the circle at E and
tangents AB and AC at D and C respectively. If AB = 12 cm, DE = 2 cm and FC
= 3 cm, how much wire will be required to make the kite ABOC with its
diagonals OA and DF, given that 1 cm length requires 0.5 cm wire?
Solution: Radius of the circle = 5 cm
Now,
Since tangents from an external point to a circle are equal in length therefore,
AB = AC = 12 cm
DB = DE = 2 cm
FE = FC = 3 cm
And,
DF = DE + EF 
      = DE + FC
   =2+3
      = 5 cm        
Also, since radius of a circle is perpendicular to the tangent drawn to it
therefore in triangle AOB,
OA2 = AB2 + OB2
⇒ OA2 = 122 + 52
⇒ OA = 13 cm
Then, 
Perimeter of the kite + length of 2 diagonals = AB + BO + OC + AC + OA + DF
                                                                        = 12 +5 + 5 + 12 + 13 + 5
                                                                        = 52 cm
Now, 
1 cm length requires 0.5 cm of wire
⇒ 52 cm will require 52 × 0.5 = 26 cm of wire
Hence, 26 cm wire will be required to make the kite.
 
Q.No.15: PQR is a right angled triangle drawn in such a manner that its sides
PQ, QR and RP cut the circle at A, B and C respectively as shown. If PC = 30
cm and RC = 9 cm, find AQ.
Solution: Given: PC = 30 cm and RC = 9 cm
Now, since tangents from an external point to a circle are equal therefore,
PC = PA = 30 cm           
BR = RC = 9 cm          
and, AQ = QB 
Then,
PR2 = PQ2 + QR2
⇒ PR2 = (PA + AQ)2 + (QB + BR)2
⇒ PR2 = PA2 + AQ2 + 2(PA)(AQ) + QB2 + BR2 + 2(QB)(BR)
⇒ 392 = 302 + AQ2 + 2(30)(AQ) + AQ2 + 92 +2(AQ)(9)
⇒ 1521 = 900 + 2AQ2 + 78AQ + 81
⇒ 2AQ2 + 78AQ − 540 = 0
⇒ AQ2 + 39AQ − 270 = 0
2
D=b − 4ac

2
=39 − 4(1)(−270)

=1521 + 1080

=2601
−b±√D
⇒AQ =
2a

−39±√2601
=
2

−39±51
=
2

= 6                         (Rejecting   negative   value   as   length   cannot   be   negative)

Hence, AQ = 6 cm.
Q.No.16: 
Two pillars with a difference of 10 m in height are standing on either side of the
road, which is 120 m wide. The angles of elevation of the top of the pillars are
45° and 60º, respectively at a point on the road between the pillars. Find the
height of both the pillars.
Solution: 
Let AB and CD be the pillars and O is the point from where the elevation angles
are measured.
Let AB = h, CD = h + 10, BO = x, OD = 120 − x

In ΔABO,
AB Perpendicular
tan 45° =                   (∵ tanθ = )
BO Base

h
⇒ 1 =
x

⇒ h = x
In ΔCDO,
CD Perpendicular
tan 60° =                          (∵ tanθ = )
OD Base

h+10
⇒ √3 =
120−x

⇒ h + 10 = 120√3 − x√3

⇒ x + x√3 = 120√3 − 10    (∵ h = x)

120√3−10
⇒ x =
√3+1

10(12√3−1)

⇒ x =
√3+1

10(12√3−1)
√3−1
⇒ x = ×
√3+1 √3−1

⇒ x = 5 (12√3 − 1) (√3 − 1) m

⇒ x = 72. 42 m
∴ h = x

⇒ h = 72. 42 m

⇒ h + 10 = 82. 42 m
Therefore, the height of pillars is 72.42 m and 82.42 m.
Q.No.17: The sports teacher decides to organize a cricket tournament in the
school. Students are asked to practice well for their selection in either of the
teams which results in a shortage of sports equipment. A cricket stump along
with other necessary tools are to be ordered. A cricket stump comprises a
cylinder with a cone attached to its base. The diameter of the stum is 3 cm.
The height of the cylindrical part of the stump is 35 cm and the height of its
conical part is 4 cm.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions:


(a) What is the slant height of the conical part of the cricket stump?
(b) Find the curved surface area of the conical part of the stump.
(c) Find the total surface area of the stump.
(d) What is the amount of wood required to make a stump of the given
dimensions? [Use π = 3.14]
Solution: (a) Height of conical part, h = 4 cm
Radius of conical part, r = 3 cm
Let the slant height be l cm.
2 2 2
∴ l = r + h

2 2 2
⇒ l = (3) + (4)

2
⇒ l = 9 + 16

2
⇒ l = 25

⇒ l = 5  cm
Hence, the slant height of the conical part of the cricket stump is 5 cm.
(b) The slant height and radius of the conical part of the stump is 5 cm and 3
cm respectively.
∴ CSA of conical part of stump=πrl

22
= × 3 × 5
7

330
=
7

2
≈47. 14  cm

Hence, the curved surface area of the conical part of the stump is


approximately 47.14 cm2.
(c) The curved surface area of the conical part = 47.14 cm2
The total surface area of the stump = curved surface area of conical part +
Curved surface area of cylindrical part + area of the circular top of the stump
2
∴ TSA of stump=47. 14 + 2πrh + πr

22 22 2
=47. 14 + 2 × × 3 × 35 + × 3
7 7

=47. 14 + 660 + 28. 29

2
=735. 43  cm

Hence, the total surface area of the stump is 735.43 cm2.


(d) The amount of wood required to make a stump is equal to the volume of
the stump.
The volume of a cylinder of radius r cm and height h1 cm is πr2 h1  cm2
The volume of a cone of radius r cm and height h2 cm is  3 r2 h2  cm2.
π

22 2 22 1 2
∴ Amount of wood required= × (3) × 35 + × × (3) × 4
7 7 3

=990 + 37. 71

3
=1027. 71  cm

Hence, the amount of wood required to make a stump of the given dimensions


is 1026.78 cm3.
Q.No.18: Famous hand knotted Persian, Turkish specimens of carpets and rugs
have been fascinating the world since centuries. Till today, there is a huge
demand of such beauties in the Western markets. Materials such as cotton,
silk, wool, and jute have also been used to knot such handmade
marvels. Hand-made carpets are traditionally more expensive than those made
by machines. Though there are several carpet-making methods, including
braiding, hand tying (or hand knotting), hooking, shearing and tufting, the
most common of these are braiding and hand knotting. Around the cities and in
the workshops, much time is emphasized on developing and refining the old
traditional patterns which are all first drawn by hand on paper. Since,
manufacturing the carpets require hours of labour, the manufacturing
companies came up with an algorithm to figure out the measurements of the
rectangular carpets of different sizes. The length of the carpet is kept constant
at 30 m and the breadth keeps varying from 2, 4, 6, 8,... to give the required
perimeter of the carpet.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions:


(a) The algorithm gives the perimeter of the rectangular carpets. Do the
perimeters of the rectangular carpet form an AP?
(b) What will be the length of the thread required to make the border of the
30th rectangular carpet?
(c) The carpet having perimeter 264 m will be which numbered carpet?
(d) If 51 carpets were made in a day, how much thread in all was used to make
the border?
Solution: (a) Perimeter of a rectangle = 2(l + b)
Length = 30 m
Breadth is in the order of 2, 4, 6, 8,...
Then,
Perimeter of the rectangular carpet when breadth is 2 m = 2(30 + 2) = 64
Perimeter of the rectangular carpet when breadth is 4 m = 2(30 + 4) = 68
Perimeter of the rectangular carpet when breadth is 6 m = 2(30 + 6) = 72
Perimeter of the rectangular carpet when breadth is 8 m = 2(30 + 8) = 76
And so on
So, the perimeters of the rectangular carpet form a sequence 64, 68, 72, 76...
Now,
Second term − First term = 4
Third term − Second term = 4
Fourth term − third tern = 4
Since the sequence has a common difference in all the terms, it forms an AP.
(b) In the AP 64, 68, 72, 76..., the first term a = 64 and common
difference d = 4.
Let there be n carpets manufactured.
Then, n = 30.
So,
an =a + (n − 1)d

=64 + (30 − 1)4

=180

Hence, the perimeter of the 30th carpet is 180 m.


(c) Here, an = 264.
So,
an = a + (n − 1)d

⇒ 264 = 64 + (n − 1)4

⇒ 4 (n − 1) = 200

⇒ n − 1 = 50

⇒ n = 51
Hence, the 51st carpet has perimeter 264 m.
(d) Here, n = 51, a51 = 264.
Then,
S51 =  2 (a + l)
n

    
      =  2
51
(64 + 264)

 
      = 8364
Hence, 8364 m of thread is required to make the borders of 51 carpets in a
day.

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