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Functional layout organizes a facility by grouping similar operations together based on their function, such as machining or assembly. Each department handles a specific process and materials move between departments. It allows flexibility for customization as each department specializes in a function. Flow line layout arranges workstations sequentially to facilitate continuous material flow. Each workstation performs a specific task and outputs to the next station, minimizing handling time. It is suitable for high-volume, standardized production.

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47 views2 pages

Answer Question 3

Functional layout organizes a facility by grouping similar operations together based on their function, such as machining or assembly. Each department handles a specific process and materials move between departments. It allows flexibility for customization as each department specializes in a function. Flow line layout arranges workstations sequentially to facilitate continuous material flow. Each workstation performs a specific task and outputs to the next station, minimizing handling time. It is suitable for high-volume, standardized production.

Uploaded by

MAXSWELL MANGGIE ZAMRY
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Answer Question 3

Functional layout, also known as process layout, organizes the facility by grouping similar operations or
processes together. It arranges equipment, workstations, and resources based on their functionality or
type of operation.

Characteristics:

Equipment or workstations are grouped together based on their functions, such as machining, assembly,
welding, or painting. Each department or section is responsible for a specific type of operation, and
materials are moved between departments as needed. There can be multiple paths or routes for
material flow within the facility, as each department handles a specific process. It allows flexibility in
handling different product variations or customization because each department is specialized in a
specific function. It is suitable for job shops or facilities with a wide variety of products or processes

Advantages:

1. Better machine utilization


2. Highly flexible in allocating personnel and equipment because general purpose machines are
used.
3. Diversity of tasks for personnel
4. Greater incentives to individual worker
5. Change in product design and process design can be incorporated easily
6. More continuity of production in unforeseen conditions like breakdown, shortages, absenteeism

Disadvantages:

1. Increased material handling


2. Increased work in process
3. Longer production lines
4. Critical delays can occur if the part obtained from previous operation is faulty
5. Routing and scheduling pose continual challenges
Definition: Flow line layout, also known as product layout or assembly line layout, arranges workstations
and equipment in a sequential order to facilitate a continuous flow of materials or products through the
production process.

Characteristics:

Workstations and equipment are arranged in a linear sequence, with each workstation performing a
specific task or operation. The output from one workstation becomes the input for the next workstation,
allowing for a smooth and continuous flow of materials or products. Materials move along a predefined
path or conveyor system, minimizing material handling and transportation time. Each workstation is
designed to handle a specific task efficiently, and workers specialize in their assigned tasks. It is suitable
for high-volume production or assembly processes with standardized products.

Advantages:

1. Easy to automate – It is simple to apply robotics to a flow shop because the steps are consistent
and repetitive
2. Easy to measure – Many manufacturing Key performance Indicator are designed for flow shops
3. Easy to optimise – As a result of being easy to measure, it is also easy to tell which stages in the
process need to be optimised and there are clear solutions for dealing with unoptimised steps
4. Lower material handling
5. Less work in process
6. Total production time per unit is short
7. Less skill is required for personnel
8. Inspection can be reduced
9. Low unit cost due to high volume

Disadvantages:

1. Machine stoppage stops the line


2. Product design change or process change causes the layout to become obsolete
3. Slowest station paces the line
4. Higher equipment investment usually results
5. Less machine utilization
6. Less flexible

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