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Complex Numbers

Complex numbers consist of a real part and an imaginary part, such as x + yi, where x is real and yi is imaginary. Addition and subtraction of complex numbers involves adding or subtracting the real parts and imaginary parts separately. Multiplication of complex numbers involves multiplying the real and imaginary parts according to standard algebraic rules, noting that i^2 equals -1. The conjugate of a complex number x + yi is obtained by changing the sign of the imaginary part to x - yi.

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32 views8 pages

Complex Numbers

Complex numbers consist of a real part and an imaginary part, such as x + yi, where x is real and yi is imaginary. Addition and subtraction of complex numbers involves adding or subtracting the real parts and imaginary parts separately. Multiplication of complex numbers involves multiplying the real and imaginary parts according to standard algebraic rules, noting that i^2 equals -1. The conjugate of a complex number x + yi is obtained by changing the sign of the imaginary part to x - yi.

Uploaded by

Michael Myambo
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PURE MATHS DEPARTMENT

COMPLEX NUMBERS 1
SIR NEWTON (0716 720 559/0737 340 837)
Complex numbers are a number system that consists of a real part and an imaginary part.
Consider the complex number z; z = x + yi where x is the real part and yi is the imaginary part of
the complex number.
Addition of complex numbers
We add the real part to the real part and the imaginary part to the imaginary part
Example 1
(5+i)+ (3+2i) = (5+3) + (i+2i)
=8+3i
Example 2
(3-5i) + (-2+3i) = (3-2) + (-5i+3i)
=1-2i
Subtraction of complex numbers
We subtract the real part from the real part and the imaginary part from the imaginary part
Example 1
(7+i) – (3+4i) = (7-3) + (i-4i)
= 4-3i
Example 2
(1-4i) - (-1+5i) = (1+1) + (-4i-5i)
= 2-9i
The Argand diagram
Modulus of a complex number
Multiplying a complex number with a real number

Multiplication of two complex numbers

Note that; i=√−1

𝑖 2 =(√−1)2
𝑖 2 =-1
Conjugate of a complex number
Consider the complex number z=x + yi, the conjugate of z is x-yi. For a conjugate of a complex
number just change the sign of the imaginary part, i.e. If it is positive the sign changes to
negative and vice-versa.
Division of two complex numbers
Argument of a complex number

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