Subject Group5: Mathematics

Math Applications and Interpretation

Topic 1: Numbers and Algebra

Revision Pack

Lina
Alkhalayleh

Student Name: ________________

DP year 2-External-May2023
AI-T1-Numbers and Algebra-Revision Pack [223 marks]
1a. [1 mark]
The Osaka Tigers basketball team play in a multilevel stadium.

The most expensive tickets are in the first row. The ticket price, in Yen (¥), for each row
forms an arithmetic sequence. Prices for the first three rows are shown in the following
table.

Write down the value of the common difference, d

1b. [2 marks]
Calculate the price of a ticket in the 16th row.
1c. [3 marks]
Find the total cost of buying 2 tickets in each of the first 16 rows.
2a. [2 marks]
The intensity level of sound, L measured in decibels (dB), is a function of the
sound intensity, S watts per square metre (W m−2). The intensity level is given by the
following formula.

L=10 lo g 10 ( S ×1012 ),  S ≥ 0.

An orchestra has a sound intensity of 6.4 × 10−3 W m−2 . Calculate the intensity level, L of the
orchestra.
2b. [2 marks]
A rock concert has an intensity level of 112 dB. Find the sound intensity, S.
3. [6 marks]
The rate, A , of a chemical reaction at a fixed temperature is related to the concentration
of two compounds, B and C , by the equation

A=k B C , where  x ,  y , k ∈ R .
x y

A scientist measures the three variables three times during the reaction and obtains
the following values.

Find x , y and k .
4a. [3 marks]
In this question, give all answers to two decimal places.
Bryan decides to purchase a new car with a price of €14 000, but cannot afford the full
amount. The car dealership offers two options to finance a loan.
Finance option A:
A 6 year loan at a nominal annual interest rate of 14 % compounded quarterly. No
deposit required and repayments are made each quarter.
Find the repayment made each quarter.
4b. [2 marks]
Find the total amount paid for the car.
4c. [2 marks]
Find the interest paid on the loan.
4d. [2 marks]
Finance option B:
A 6 year loan at a nominal annual interest rate of r  % compounded monthly. Terms of
the loan require a 10 % deposit and monthly repayments of €250.
Find the amount to be borrowed for this option.
4e. [3 marks]
Find the annual interest rate, r .
4f. [2 marks]
State which option Bryan should choose. Justify your answer.
4g. [3 marks]
Bryan’s car depreciates at an annual rate of 25 % per year.
Find the value of Bryan’s car six years after it is purchased.
5a. [1 mark]
A disc is divided into 9 sectors, number 1 to 9 . The angles at the centre of each of
the sectors un form an arithmetic sequence, with u1 being the largest angle.
 9
Write down the value of Σ u i.
i=1

5b. [4 marks]
1
It is given thatu9 = u1.
3
Find the value ofu1.
5c. [2 marks]
A game is played in which the arrow attached to the centre of the disc is spun and
the sector in which the arrow stops is noted. If the arrow stops in sector 1 the player wins
10 points, otherwise they lose 2 points.
Let X be the number of points won
Find E ( X ) .
6a. [2 marks]
The pH of a solution is given by the formula pH =−log 10 C where C is the hydrogen
ion concentration in a solution, measured in moles per litre ( Ml−1 ).

Find the pH value for a solution in which the hydrogen ion concentration is 5. 2× 10−8.
6b. [2 marks]
Write an expression for C in terms of pH .
6c. [2 marks]
Find the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution with pH 4.2. Give your answer in the
form a ×10 k where 1 ≤ a<10 and k is an integer.
7a. [3 marks]
Sophia pays $ 200 into a bank account at the end of each month. The annual interest paid
on money in the account is 3.1 % which is compounded monthly.
Find the value of her investment after a period of 5 years.
7b. [2 marks]
The average rate of inflation per year over the 5 years was 2 %.
Find an approximation for the real interest rate for the money invested in the account.
7c. [2 marks]
Hence find the real value of Sophia’s investment at the end of 5 years.
8a. [2 marks]
Give your answers to this question correct to two decimal places.
Gen invests $2400 in a savings account that pays interest at a rate of 4% per year,
compounded annually. She leaves the money in her account for 10 years, and she does not
invest or withdraw any money during this time.
Calculate the value of her savings after 10 years.
8b. [3 marks]
The rate of inflation during this 10 year period is 1.5% per year.
Calculate the real value of her savings after 10 years.
9a. [3 marks]
Yejin plans to retire at age 60. She wants to create an annuity fund, which will pay her a
monthly allowance of $4000 during her retirement. She wants to save enough money so
that the payments last for 30 years. A financial advisor has told her that she can expect to
earn 5% interest on her funds, compounded annually.
Calculate the amount Yejin needs to have saved into her annuity fund, in order to meet her
retirement goal.
9b. [3 marks]
Yejin has just turned 28 years old. She currently has no retirement savings. She wants to
save part of her salary each month into her annuity fund.
Calculate the amount Yejin needs to save each month, to meet her retirement goal.
10a. [3 marks]
Paul wants to buy a car. He needs to take out a loan for $7000. The car salesman offers him
a loan with an interest rate of 8%, compounded annually. Paul considers two options to
repay the loan.
Option 1: Pay $200 each month, until the loan is fully repaid
Option 2: Make 24 equal monthly payments.
Use option 1 to calculate
the number of months it will take for Paul to repay the loan.
10b. [2 marks]
the total amount that Paul has to pay.
10c. [2 marks]
Use option 2 to calculate
the amount Paul pays each month.
10d. [2 marks]
the total amount that Paul has to pay.
10e. [1 mark]
Give a reason why Paul might choose
option 1.
10f. [1 mark]
option 2.
11a. [2 marks]
Sophie is planning to buy a house. She needs to take out a mortgage for $120000. She is
considering two possible options.
Option 1:  Repay the mortgage over 20 years, at an annual interest rate of 5%, compounded
annually.
Option 2:  Pay $1000 every month, at an annual interest rate of 6%, compounded annually,
until the loan is fully repaid.
Calculate the monthly repayment using option 1.
11b. [2 marks]
Calculate the total amount Sophie would pay, using option 1.
11c. [3 marks]
Calculate the number of months it will take to repay the mortgage using option 2.
11d. [2 marks]
Calculate the total amount Sophie would pay, using option 2.
11e. [1 mark]
Give a reason why Sophie might choose
option 1.
11f. [1 mark]
option 2.
11g. [2 marks]
Sophie decides to choose option 1. At the end of 10 years, the interest rate is changed to
7%, compounded annually.
Use your answer to part (a)(i) to calculate the amount remaining on her mortgage after the
first 10 years.
11h. [2 marks]
Hence calculate her monthly repayment for the final 10 years.
12a. [2 marks]
The strength of earthquakes is measured on the Richter magnitude scale, with
values typically between 0 and 8 where 8 is the most severe.
The Gutenberg–Richter equation gives the average number of earthquakes per year, N
, which have a magnitude of at least M . For a particular region the equation is
log 10 N=a−M , for some a ∈ R .

This region has an average of 100 earthquakes per year with a magnitude of at least 3.
Find the value of a .
12b. [2 marks]
b
The equation for this region can also be written as  N= M.
10
Find the value of b .
12c. [2 marks]
Given 0< M <8 , find the range for N .
12d. [2 marks]
The expected length of time, in years, between earthquakes with a magnitude of at least M
1
is  .
N
Within this region the most severe earthquake recorded had a magnitude of 7.2.
Find the expected length of time between this earthquake and the next earthquake of at
least this magnitude. Give your answer to the nearest year.
13a. [2 marks]
A ball is dropped from a height of 1.8 metres and bounces on the ground. The
maximum height reached by the ball, after each bounce, is 85 % of the previous maximum
height.

Show that the maximum height reached by the ball after it has bounced for the sixth time is
68 cm , to the nearest cm .
13b. [2 marks]
Find the number of times, after the first bounce, that the maximum height reached
is greater than 10 cm.
13c. [3 marks]
Find the total vertical distance travelled by the ball from the point at which it is
dropped until the fourth bounce.
14a. [3 marks]
The ticket prices for a concert are shown in the following table.
• A total of 600 tickets were sold.
• The total amount of money from ticket sales was $ 7816.
• There were twice as many adult tickets sold as child tickets.
Let the number of adult tickets sold be x , the number of child tickets sold be y , and
the number of student tickets sold be z .
Write down three equations that express the information given above.
14b. [2 marks]
Find the number of each type of ticket sold.
15a. [3 marks]
Juliana plans to invest money for 10 years in an account paying 3.5 % interest,
compounded annually. She expects the annual inflation rate to be 2 % per year throughout
the 10-year period.
Juliana would like her investment to be worth a real value of $ 4000 , compared to current
values, at the end of the 10-year period. She is considering two options.
Option 1: Make a one-time investment at the start of the 10-year period.
Option 2: Invest $ 1000 at the start of the 10-year period and then invest $ x into the
account 
                at the end of each year (including the first and last years).
For option 1, determine the minimum amount Juliana would need to invest. Give
your answer to the nearest dollar.
15b. [3 marks]
For option 2, find the minimum value of x that Juliana would need to invest each year. Give
your answer to the nearest dollar.
16a. [2 marks]
The pH of a solution measures its acidity and can be determined using the formula pH
¿−log10 C , where C is the concentration of hydronium ions in the solution, measured
in moles per litre. A lower pH indicates a more acidic solution.
The concentration of hydronium ions in a particular type of coffee is 1.3 ×10❑−5 moles per
litre.
Calculate the pH of the coffee.
16b. [3 marks]
A different, unknown, liquid has 10 times the concentration of hydronium ions of the
coffee in part (a).
Determine whether the unknown liquid is more or less acidic than the coffee. Justify your
answer mathematically.
17a. [1 mark]
Boris recorded the number of daylight hours on the first day of each month in a northern
hemisphere town.
This data was plotted onto a scatter diagram. The points were then joined by a smooth
curve, with minimum point ( 0 , 8 ) and maximum point ( 6 , 16 ) as shown in the following
diagram.

Let the curve in the diagram be y=f ( t ) , where t is the time, measured in months, since
Boris first recorded these values.
Boris thinks that f ( t ) might be modelled by a quadratic function.
Write down one reason why a quadratic function would not be a good model for the
number of hours of daylight per day, across a number of years.
17b. [1 mark]
Paula thinks that a better model is f ( t )=a cos ( bt )+ d , t ≥ 0, for specific values of a , b and d .
For Paula’s model, use the diagram to write down
the amplitude.
17c. [1 mark]
the period.
17d. [2 marks]
the equation of the principal axis.
17e. [3 marks]
Hence or otherwise find the equation of this model in the form:
f ( t )=a cos ( bt )+ d

17f. [4 marks]
For the first year of the model, find the length of time when there are more than 10 hours
and 30 minutes of daylight per day.
17g. [3 marks]
The true maximum number of daylight hours was 16 hours and 14 minutes.
Calculate the percentage error in the maximum number of daylight hours Boris recorded in
the diagram.
18a. [1 mark]
Eddie decides to construct a path across his rectangular grass lawn using pairs of tiles.
Each tile is 10 cm wide and 20 cm long. The following diagrams show the path after Eddie
has laid one pair and three pairs of tiles. This pattern continues until Eddie reaches the
other side of his lawn. When n pairs of tiles are laid, the path has a width of w n centimetres
and a length l n centimetres.
The following diagrams show this pattern for one pair of tiles and for three pairs of tiles,
where the white space around each diagram represents Eddie’s lawn.
The following table shows the values of w n and l n for the first three values of n .

Find the value of

a.
18b. [1 mark]
b.
18c. [2 marks]
Write down an expression in terms of n for
w n.

18d. [1 mark]
l n.

18e. [2 marks]
Eddie’s lawn has a length 740 cm.
Show that Eddie needs 144 tiles.
18f. [1 mark]
Find the value of w n for this path.
18g. [3 marks]
Find the total area of the tiles in Eddie’s path. Give your answer in the form a ×10 k  where
1 ≤ a<10 and k is an integer.
18h. [3 marks]
The tiles cost $ 24.50 per square metre and are sold in packs of five tiles.
Find the cost of a single pack of five tiles.
18i. [3 marks]
To allow for breakages Eddie wants to have at least 8 % more tiles than he needs.
Find the minimum number of packs of tiles Eddie will need to order.
18j. [2 marks]
There is a fixed delivery cost of $ 35.
Find the total cost for Eddie’s order.
19a. [3 marks]
Scott purchases food for his dog in large bags and feeds the dog the same amount of dog
food each day. The amount of dog food left in the bag at the end of each day can be
modelled by an arithmetic sequence.
On a particular day, Scott opened a new bag of dog food and fed his dog. By the end of the
third day there were 115.5 cups of dog food remaining in the bag and at the end of the
eighth day there were 108 cups of dog food remaining in the bag.
Find the number of cups of dog food
fed to the dog per day.
19b. [1 mark]
remaining in the bag at the end of the first day.
19c. [2 marks]
Calculate the number of days that Scott can feed his dog with one bag of food.
19d. [3 marks]
In 2021, Scott spent $ 625 on dog food. Scott expects that the amount he spends on dog food
will increase at an annual rate of 6.4 % .
Determine the amount that Scott expects to spend on dog food in 2025 . Round your answer
to the nearest dollar.
19e. [1 mark]
10
Calculate the value of  Σ ( 625× 1.064 ).
(n−1)

n=1

19f. [2 marks]
Describe what the value in part (d)(i) represents in this context.
19g. [1 mark]
Comment on the appropriateness of modelling this scenario with a geometric sequence.
20a. [3 marks]
In this question, give all answers correct to 2 decimal places.
Raul and Rosy want to buy a new house and they need a loan of 170000 Australian dollars (
AUD) from a bank. The loan is for 30 years and the annual interest rate for the loan is 3.8 %
, compounded monthly. They will pay the loan in fixed monthly instalments at the end of
each month.
Find the amount they will pay the bank each month.
20b. [3 marks]
Find the amount Raul and Rosy will still owe the bank at the end of the first 10 years.
20c. [3 marks]
Using your answers to parts (a) and (b)(i), calculate how much interest they will have paid
in total during the first 10 years.
21a. [3 marks]
Inspectors are investigating the carbon dioxide emissions of a power plant. Let R be the
rate, in tonnes per hour, at which carbon dioxide is being emitted and t be the time in hours
since the inspection began.
When R is plotted against t , the total amount of carbon dioxide produced is represented
by the area between the graph and the horizontal t -axis.
The rate, R , is measured over the course of two hours. The results are shown in the
following table.
 
Use the trapezoidal rule with an interval width of 0.4 to estimate the total amount
of carbon dioxide emitted during these two hours.
21b. [2 marks]
The real amount of carbon dioxide emitted during these two hours was 72 tonnes.
Find the percentage error of the estimate found in part (a).
22a. [2 marks]
The admissions team at a new university are trying to predict the number of
student applications they will receive each year.
Let n be the number of years that the university has been open. The admissions team
collect the following data for the first two years.

Calculate the percentage increase in applications from the first year to the second year.
22b. [1 mark]
It is assumed that the number of students that apply to the university each year will follow
a geometric sequence, un .
Write down the common ratio of the sequence.
22c. [1 mark]
Find an expression for un .
22d. [2 marks]
Find the number of student applications the university expects to receive when n=11.
Express your answer to the nearest integer.
22e. [2 marks]
In the first year there were 10380 places at the university available for applicants. The
admissions team announce that the number of places available will increase by 600 every
year.
Let v n represent the number of places available at the university in year n .

Write down an expression for v n .

22f. [3 marks]
For the first 10 years that the university is open, all places are filled. Students who receive
a place each pay an $ 80 acceptance fee.
Calculate the total amount of acceptance fees paid to the university in the first 10 years.
22g. [3 marks]
When n=k , the number of places available will, for the first time, exceed the number
of students applying.
Find k .
22h. [2 marks]
State whether, for all n> k , the university will have places available for all applicants. Justify
your answer.
23a. [3 marks]
Give your answers in parts (a), (d)(i), (e) and (f) to the nearest dollar.
Daisy invested 37000 Australian dollars ( AUD ) in a fixed deposit account with an annual
interest rate of 6.4 % compounded quarterly.
Calculate the value of Daisy’s investment after 2 years.
23b. [4 marks]
After m months, the amount of money in the fixed deposit account has appreciated to more
than 50 000 AUD .
Find the minimum value of m, where m∈ N .
23c. [1 mark]
Daisy is saving to purchase a new apartment. The price of the apartment is 200 000 AUD .
Daisy makes an initial payment of 25 % and takes out a loan to pay the rest.
Write down the amount of the loan.
23d. [2 marks]
The loan is for 10 years, compounded monthly, with equal monthly payments of 1700 AUD
made by Daisy at the end of each month.
For this loan, find
the amount of interest paid by Daisy.
23e. [3 marks]
the annual interest rate of the loan.
23f. [3 marks]
After 5 years of paying off this loan, Daisy decides to pay the remainder in one final
payment.
Find the amount of Daisy’s final payment.
23g. [3 marks]
Find how much money Daisy saved by making one final payment after 5 years.
24a. [3 marks]
Give your answers in this question correct to the nearest whole number.
Imon invested 25 000 Singapore dollars ( SGD ) in a fixed deposit account with a
nominal annual interest rate of 3.6 % , compounded monthly.
Calculate the value of Imon’s investment after 5 years.
24b. [3 marks]
At the end of the 5 years, Imon withdrew x SGD from the fixed deposit account
and reinvested this into a super-savings account with a nominal annual interest rate
of 5.7 % , compounded half-yearly.
The value of the super-savings account increased to 20 000 SGD after 18 months.
Find the value of x .

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