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Calculation - Wikipedia

Calculation refers to the process of using mathematical or logical steps to determine an output from one or more inputs. Simple calculations include multiplication, while more complex ones involve algorithms or statistical models. The concept originated from using stones in ancient counting devices like abaci. Calculation is a prerequisite for computation using tools like calculators or computers.

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44 views2 pages

Calculation - Wikipedia

Calculation refers to the process of using mathematical or logical steps to determine an output from one or more inputs. Simple calculations include multiplication, while more complex ones involve algorithms or statistical models. The concept originated from using stones in ancient counting devices like abaci. Calculation is a prerequisite for computation using tools like calculators or computers.

Uploaded by

Gilbert
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© © All Rights Reserved
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5/14/23, 3:13 PM Calculation - Wikipedia

Calculation
A calculation is a deliberate mathematical process that transforms one or more inputs into one or
more outputs or results. The term is used in a variety of senses, from the very definite arithmetical
calculation of using an algorithm, to the vague heuristics of calculating a strategy in a competition, or
calculating the chance of a successful relationship between two people.

For example, multiplying 7 by 6 is a simple algorithmic calculation. Extracting the square root or the
cube root of a number using mathematical models is a more complex algorithmic calculation.

Statistical estimations of the likely election results from opinion polls also involve algorithmic
calculations, but produces ranges of possibilities rather than exact answers.

To calculate means to determine mathematically in the case of a number or amount, or in the case of
an abstract problem to deduce the answer using logic, reason or common sense.[1] The English word
derives from the Latin calculus, which originally meant a small stone in the gall-bladder (from Latin
calx). It also meant a pebble used for calculating, or a small stone used as a counter in an abacus
(Latin abacus, Greek abax). The abacus was an instrument used by Greeks and Romans for
arithmetic calculations, preceding the slide-rule and the electronic calculator, and consisted of
perforated pebbles sliding on iron bars.

Calculation is a prerequisite for computation.

See also
Philosophy portal

Psychology portal

Calculus (disambiguation) — list of general methods of calculation by application area


Complexity class — theoretical notion to categorize calculability
Cost accounting — business application of calculation
List of algorithms — fully formalized, computer-executable methods of calculation
Mental calculation — performing arithmetics using one's brain only

References
1. "calculate | Definition of calculate in English by Oxford Dictionaries" (https://web.archive.org/web/2
0180831035348/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/calculate). Oxford Dictionaries |

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5/14/23, 3:13 PM Calculation - Wikipedia

English. Archived from the original (https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/calculate) on


August 31, 2018. Retrieved 2018-08-30.

External links
"The Lifting of the Veil in the Operations of Calculation" (http://www.wdl.org/en/item/4255) is a
manuscript, from the 18th-century, in Arabic, by Ibn al-Banna' al-Marrakushi, about calculation
processes

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