Vedic and shortcut tricks for

calculations in mathematics

Trilokpal Rai , Amit Biswakarma, Sushil Chettri

 Contents
Multiplication of:
• 3 & 4 digit numbers
•
Finding:
• Square root
• Square
• Cube root

Trigonometry:
• Handtrick

•
•
 Multiplication of 3 digit numbers
• The five step method –
•
Eg: 211
×301

1. Step 1→ multiplying first number with the first digit

211
×301
1
2. Step 2 → Cross multiply 1st with 2nd and 2nd with 1st and add then
1+ 0=1
211
×301
11
• Step 3 → Cross multiply 1st with 3rd , 3rd with 1st and , 2nd with 2nd digit no. And add them
2+3+0= 5
211
×301
511

Step 4→ Cross multiply 2nd with 3rd and 3rd with 2nd and add them
0+3= 3
211
×301
3511

Step 5→ Multiply third digit with third digit

211
×301
63511
Multiplication of 4 digit number :
The 7 step method
Rule: the digits should be less than 5
For example : 4351
×2312

Step 1 → Multiply 1st digit with the 1st digit

1×2= 2
4351
×2312
2

Step 2→ multiply the 1st with 2nd digit and 2nd with 1st digit , only write the 1st digit and the 2nd in
remaining side
 4351
×2312
12

Step 3→ Multiply the first with 3rd digit , 3rd with first and 2nd with 2nd , write the first digit 4 and then second in the remaining Side
(3×2) + (3×1) + (5×1)= 14
4351
×2312
412

Step 4 → Multiply the 1st with 4th digit ,4th with 1st ,2nd with 3rd and 3rd with 2nd digit , write the first digit of their Product and the second in the
remaining side
(4×2)+(2×1)+(3×5)+(5×3) = 28
4351
×2312
8412

Step 5 → multiply 2nd with 4th , 4th with 2nd and third with third , write the first digit of their product And the other on their remaining side
(4×1)+ (5×2)+(3×3) = 23
4351
×2312
38412
Step 6→ multiply 3rd with 4th and 4th with 3rd , write the first digit of their product and the second on the
remaining side
(4×3)+(2×3)= 18
4351
×2312
838412
Step 7→ Multiply 4th with 4th digit add all of them

4321
×2312
8838412

Adding all :
12211
+8838412
10059512

Hence , 10059512 is the answer .

Square Root
Squares of 1 to 10 : Unit Digit:
0→0
1 → 1,9
4 → 2,8
5→5
6→ 4,6
9 → 3,7
• Square root never has unit digit :
2
3
7
8
• Now finding square root of 3 digit number
Lets take an example- √784
• First we take two digit number i.e, 84
• Here unit digit is 4
• Now we need to check where 4 is an unit digit In square chart
• 2and 8 has unit digit 4
• Now we have 7 as remaining digit
•
• Now we need to find closest square which will be near to 7
• We have: 2²→4
3²→9 ,these both are closest square
• We always prefer small square number I.e 2²<3²
• But we dont take power ,we only take base i.e 2
• Now 2 and 8 has unit digit .4 so we take 2 &8 as unit digit and we take
small number 2 as second digit
22 28
• Here either 22 or 28 is the answer
• To check the correct answer we need to add 1 with the small number I.e 2
and again multiply with small number we have
•
2+1=3
2x3=6

• If 6<7: then bigger number will be the answer

• It 6>7: then smaller number will be the answer
• In our case 6<7 so our answer is 28
Finding square:
• Of any two digit numbers.
• Eg- (42)^2
• Of any 3digit number
• S1- Make three blank spaces • Eg- (204)^2
• ____ ____ _____ • S1- make three blanks ___ ____
• S2-Now fill 1st gap and 2nd gap with respective ____
1st and 2nd numbers.
• 4×4. ___ 2×2 • S2- pair from last then square the pair
• 4×2×2 fill the value in 1st and 3rd blank
• 16 16. 4 respectively.
• S3- write the last number as it is and for middle 2×2. _______ 04×04
term write only digit in ones place then the
other number will be carried forward. 4 2×04×2 16
• Answer- 1764.
Answer -41616
Finding Cube Root :

• Finding cube root of large Things to remember:

perfect cubes :
• 1→1
• • 4→4
• 5→5
Examples : ³√12167 = 23 • 6→6
³√42875 = 35 •
•
9→9
2 ←→ 8
³√185193 = 57 • 3 ←→ 7
Finding cube root : To remember :
★ Formula :
√P = √Q + (P-Q)\3(√Q)²
Trigonometry Values
Hand trick.
Example:
• Tan45°= √fingerbelow
• Sin30° =√finger below /2
√finger above
=√1/2
= √2/√2
=1/2.
Note- no finger below 0° =1
Note- reciprocate values of sinx, cosx,
tanx to get the values of cosecx, secx,
• Cos90°= √finger above/2 and cotx respectively.
=√0/2
=0
Note- no finger above 90°