ELEMENTS OF CHILDREN
AND
ADOLESCENT
LITERATURE
Prepared by: Ms. Angel Joyce Durumpili
Department of Teacher Education
Learning
Objectives
• Specify and explain the different
literary elements of Children and
Adolescent Literature;
• Identify the literary elements in
selected literary masterpieces for
children and adolescent
literature.
“
The more that you read, the
more things you will know.
The more things that you will
know, the more you learn.
“
The more that you learn, the
more places you will go.
PLOT
It is the sequence of
events that occur within
the story and usually
follows a cause-and-effect
pattern.
THREE ELEMENTS OF
PLOT
1. NARRATIVE ORDER
2. CONFLICT
3. PATTERNS OF
ACTION
NARRATIVE ORDER
The way of
order in which
the writer
chooses to
unfold the
story to the
CHRONOLOGICAL
Events are ORDER
related in the
order of their
happening.
FLASHBACKS
The writer
disrupts the
normal time
sequence to
recount some
past event.
CONFLICTS
1. Person against
self.
2. Person against a
person.
3. Person against
nature
PATTERN OF THE
1.SUSPENSEACTION
2. CLIMAX
3.
DENOUEMEN
T
CHARACTER
It is used to
mean a person
or personified
animal.
CHARACTER
DEVELOPMENT
Is a collection
of features that
bring the
character to life
inner, and outer
qualities.
REVELATION OF
CHARACTER
occurs through
the character’s
thoughts,
conversations, and
behaviors; the
author’s narration,
TYPES OF CHARACTERS
1. Round
2. Flat
3. Dynamic
4. Static
THEME
• The idea that
holds the story
together or the
author’s
message to the
reader.
THEME
• It is the main
idea or central
meaning of the
story.
SETTING
• The time and
place where the
story occurs.
CHARACTERISTICS OF
SETTING
• Time is identified
as past, present,
or future.
• Setting provides
details that
reinforce the plot
and
CHARACTERISTICS OF
SETTING
• Time is identified
as past, present,
or future.
• Setting provides
details that
reinforce the plot
and
STYL
E
CONNOTATION
Associative or emotional meaning to describe a
character or situation..
FIGURATIVE
Giving meaning beyond usual sense.
LANGUAGE
PUN
word play.
STYL
E
UNDERSTATEMENT
Used to play down a happening or situation .
ALLUSION
More meaning for mature readers.
SYMBOL
2 levels of meaning, Literal and figurative levels.
POINT OF VIEW
• It is seen
through the
minds of the
characters as
the plot unfolds.
TONE
• Author’s attitude
towards what
he./she has
written.
PLO
T
Considerations for evaluating children and
adolescent’s literature
PLOT
Is the plot
PLOT
enjoyable and Is the plot
interesting? logical?
PLOT
Is the plot
PLOT
credible and Is the plot
believable? carefully
constructed?
PLOT
Are the themes/topics
PLOT
Does the plot lead
represented to a well-defined
appropriately by actions
within the plot? logical and
identifiable climax?
CHARAC
TER
Considerations for evaluating children and
adolescent’s literature
CHARACT
CHARACT
ERS
Are the characters Are the characters’
realistic? ERS
emotions, actions,
thoughts, and words
believable, credible,
and consistent?
CHARACT
Do the ERS
characters avoid
CHARACT
Do the characters
being stereotyped? ERSto the
contribute
action and
believability of the
plot?
CHARACT
CHARACT
ERS
Do the characters Are the children and
complement each
other?
ERSable to
adolescents
relate to the
characters?
THEME
Considerations for evaluating children and
adolescent’s literature
THEME THEME
Is the theme appropriate Will children and
for children and adolescents be able
adolescents?
to understand the
theme?
THEME THEME
Is the theme natural and Does the theme
objective? provide cohesion to
the work?
SETTINGS SETTINGS
Is the setting Does the setting
appropriate and complement the
consistent?
other literary
elements?
SETTINGS SETTINGS
Is the setting authentic Does the author use
and credible? the setting
effectively??
SETTINGS SETTINGS
Is the setting authentic Does the author use
and credible? the setting
effectively??
POINT OF
VIEW
Considerations for evaluating children and
adolescent’s literature
POINT OF POINT OF
Is the POV
VIEW
Is the POV appropriate
for the plot and
VIEW
appropriate for the
character? developmental level
of the intended
reader?
POINT OF POINT OF
Is the POV clear to
VIEW
Is the POV consistent
and does it add to the VIEW
the reader and able
understanding and to determine how
appreciation of the
story?
objective or
subjective it is?
POINT OF POINT OF
Does the POV
VIEW
Is the POV credible and
maintained throughout VIEW
complement other
the book? literary elements in
the book?
STYLE AND
TONE
Considerations for evaluating children and
adolescent’s literature
STYLE STYLE
Is the author’s style Is the author’s style
appropriate for the plot appropriate for
and the theme? children and
adolescents?
STYLE STYLE
Does the author Does the style
complement the other contribute to the
literary elements? understanding of
the piece?
TONE TONE
Does the tone of the Is the tone
book help young adults consistent
to understand the throughout the
author’s perspectives
and biases?
piece?
Choose a learning material and
analyze the following plot, settings,
characters, style tone, and theme.
List of Readings
The Ugly Duckling
The True Story of three
Little Pigs
Amazing Grace
Grandfather’s Journey
Rubric
Organization -
10
Understanding-
10
Sentence Structure-
10
Mechanics/ Word Choice -
10
THANK YOU
