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    Wastewater Is Characterized According To Its Physical

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    Wycliffe otieno
    Wastewater is characterized based on its physical, chemical, and biological composition in order to determine the appropriate treatment techniques. Treatment may include physical, chemical, and/or biological processes depending on the pollutant levels and regulations. Wastewater characteristics vary significantly between industries, so the specific parameters will dictate the required treatment methods to meet discharge standards. Common wastewater parameters that are analyzed include BOD, COD, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, and microorganisms.

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    Wastewater Is Characterized According To Its Physical

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    Wycliffe otieno
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    Wastewater is characterized based on its physical, chemical, and biological composition in order to determine the appropriate treatment techniques. Treatment may include physical, chemical, and/or biological processes depending on the pollutant levels and regulations. Wastewater characteristics vary significantly between industries, so the specific parameters will dictate the required treatment methods to meet discharge standards. Common wastewater parameters that are analyzed include BOD, COD, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, and microorganisms.

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    Wastewater is characterized according to its physical

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    Wastewater is characterized based on its physical, chemical, and biological composition in order to determine the appropriate treatment techniques. Treatment may include physical, chemical, and/or biological processes depending on the pollutant levels and regulations. Wastewater characteristics vary significantly between industries, so the specific parameters will dictate the required treatment methods to meet discharge standards. Common wastewater parameters that are analyzed include BOD, COD, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, and microorganisms.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    26 views2 pages

    Wastewater Is Characterized According To Its Physical

    Uploaded by

    Wycliffe otieno
    Wastewater is characterized based on its physical, chemical, and biological composition in order to determine the appropriate treatment techniques. Treatment may include physical, chemical, and/or biological processes depending on the pollutant levels and regulations. Wastewater characteristics vary significantly between industries, so the specific parameters will dictate the required treatment methods to meet discharge standards. Common wastewater parameters that are analyzed include BOD, COD, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, and microorganisms.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Wastewater is characterized according to its physical, chemical and biological composition.

    Depending on the level of pollutants and local regulations, physical, chemical and/or biological
    treatment will be used. Most of the time, the three treatments are combined to obtain the best water
    quality.

    Wastewater characteristics vary considerably from industry to industry. Therefore, the specific
    characteristics will determine the treatment techniques to be used to satisfy the compliance discharge
    requirements.

    Due to the large number of pollutants, characteristics are generally not considered for each substance.
    Materials with similar pollution effects are grouped into pollutant or characteristic classes.

    Wastewater physical parameters

    • Color: Fresh wastewater is normally brown and yellowish, but over time it turns black.

    • Suspended solids: these are insoluble solids suspended in a liquid and visible to the naked eye

    • Temperature: For wastewater, it is correlated to the outside temperature while being warmer
    because almost nobody takes a cold shower

    • Turbidity: Due to suspended solids, wastewater will have higher turbidity.

    Chemical characteristics of wastewater

    Wastewater contains different chemicals in various forms, as shown below.

    • Chemical oxygen demand (COD): This is a measure of the amount of organic matter in
    wastewater based on the oxygen required to oxidize it.

    • Nitrogen: It is measured in its different forms: nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, and organic
    nitrogen (which is the amount of nitrogen present in organic compounds)

    • Phosphorus: It is generally measured in its mineral and organic form, total phosphorus

    • Chlorine

    • Sulfates

    • Heavy metals

    Biological parameters of wastewater

    • Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) – BOD is the amount of oxygen required to stabilize organic
    matter using micro-organisms.

    • Oil and Grease – Oil and grease are generated from food waste and petroleum products.

    • Microbial life in wastewater: Wastewater contains the following microbes:


    • Bacteria

    • Protozoa

    • Mushrooms

    • Virus

    • Seaweed

    • Rotifers

    • Nematodes

    The most commonly used parameters in wastewater treatment plants are BOD, COD and TSS. When
    degrading environments, it is common to analyze nitrogen (NH4, NO3) and phosphorus parameters.

    In order to control the environmental risks caused by wastewater, an analysis is required. It is indeed a
    question of determining and quantifying the substances and micro-organisms contained in these waters.
    These in order to:

    • find ways to remove them

    • reduce them to an acceptable level for release to the environment.

    Micro-organism analyses are performed when the discharge area is located near a bathing area. The
    parameters to be analyzed are defined in the regulations of each country and can be adjusted by the
    local authorities.

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