Contributions of Scientists in the field of Electricity and Magnetism of Electromagnitism

Name with Picture Designation Biography Discovery/Experiment Invention Illustration/

Description
"father of science" Thales has been credited with the
Thales of Miletus Thales of Miletus, (born c. 624–620 bce— discovery of
First died c. 548–545 bce), philosopher five geometric theorems: (1) that
Mathematician renowned as one of the legendary Seven a circle is bisected by its
Wise Men, or Sophoi, of antiquity. He is diameter, (2) that angles in a
First Philosopher remembered primarily for his cosmology triangle opposite two sides of
based on water as the essence of all equal length are equal, (3) that
matter, with Earth a flat disk floating on a opposite angles formed by
vast sea. intersecting straight lines are
equal, (4) that the angle inscribed
inside a semicircle is a right
angle, and (5) that a triangle is
determined if its base and the two
angles at the base are given.
 Benjamin Franklin The First Benjamin Franklin was America's scientist, Franklin discovered positive and
American inventor, politician, philanthropist and negative electric charges by
business man. He is best known as one of conducting experiments with
First postmaster our Founding Fathers and the only one who electricity using the Leyden Jar.
general of the signed all three documents that freed He proved his theory by
United States. America from Britain: The Declaration of performing his kite experiment
Independence. The American Constitution during a storm. When the stormed
and The Treaty of Paris. passed over his kite the negative
charges passed into his kite, to
the key and to the Leyden jar.

Charles Agustin de Coulumb Lieutenant in the Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, (born Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
Military June 14, 1736, Angoulême, France—died invented a device, dubbed the
Engineering Corps August 23, 1806, Paris), French physicist torsion balance, that allowed him
best known for the formulation to measure very small charges
 French physicist of Coulomb’s law, which states that the and experimentally estimate the
force between two electrical charges is force of attraction or repulsion
Eponymous discov proportional to the product of the charges between two charged bodies.
erer and inversely proportional to the square of
the distance between them. The Coulomb
Engineer force is one of the principal forces involved
in atomic reactions.
Andre- Marie Ampere  French physicist André-Marie Ampère, (born January 20, André-Marie Ampère made the
1775, Lyon, France—died June 10, 1836, revolutionary discovery that a wire
Marseille), French physicist who founded carrying electric current can
and named the science of electrodynamics, attract or repel another wire next
now known as electromagnetism. His name to it that's also carrying electric
endures in everyday life in the ampere, the current. The attraction is
unit for measuring electric current. magnetic, but no magnets are
necessary for the effect to be
seen.
 French Physicist Jean-Baptiste Biot, (born April 21, 1774, In 1820 he and the physicist Félix
Paris, France—died Feb. 3, 1862, Savart discovered that the
Jean-Baptiste Biot + Felix Professor of Paris), French physicist who helped intensity of the magnetic field set
Savart Mathematics formulate the Biot-Savart law, which up by a current flowing through a
concerns magnetic fields, and laid the basis wire is inversely proportional to
for saccharimetry, a useful technique of the distance from the wire. This
analyzing sugar solutions. relationship is now known as the
Biot-Savart law and is a
Félix Savart (/səˈvɑːr/; French: [savaʁ]; 30 fundamental part of modern
June 1791, Mézières – 16 March 1841, electromagnetic theory.
Paris) was a French physicist and
mathematician who is primarily known
for the Biot–Savart law of
electromagnetism, which he discovered
together with his colleague Jean-Baptiste
Biot.
 Michael Foraday Assistant Michael Faraday, (born September 22, Faraday made his first discovery
Superintendent of 1791, Newington, Surrey, England—died of electromagnetism in 1821. He
the House of the August 25, 1867, Hampton Court, repeated Oersted's
Royal Institution Surrey), English physicist and experiment placing a small
chemist whose many experiments magnet around a current-carrying
Philosopher contributed greatly to the understanding of wire and verified that the force
electromagnetism. exerted by the current on the
magnet was circular.

James Clerk Maxwell Professor of James Clerk Maxwell FRSE FRS (13 June In 1861, Maxwell presented the
1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottish world's first colour photograph –
Physics and mathematician and scientist responsible for of a tartan ribbon. Three photos
Astronomy the classical theory of electromagnetic were taken, each time with a
radiation, which was the first theory to different colour filter over the lens.
 Scottish describe electricity, magnetism and light as Maxwell developed the images
mathematician different manifestations of the same then projected them onto a screen
phenomenon. with three different projectors.
Scientist Each used the same colour filter
to take its image.
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz German physicist Heinrich Hertz was a brilliant German For a time the waves he
physicist and experimentalist who discovered were commonly
demonstrated that the electromagnetic referred to as Hertzian waves, but
waves predicted by James Clerk Maxwell today they are known as radio
actually exist. Hertz is also the man whose waves. In addition to his radio
peers honored by attaching his name to the wave breakthrough, Hertz is
unit of frequency; a cycle per second is one notable for the discovery of the
hertz. photoelectric effect, which
occurred while he was
investigating electromagnetic
waves.

Hans Christian Oersted Physicist Hans Christian Ørsted, Ørsted also In 1820, a Danish physicist, Hans
spelled Oersted, (born August 14, 1777, Christian Oersted, discovered that
Rudkøbing, Denmark—died March 9, 1851, there was a relationship between
Copenhagen), Danish physicist and electricity and magnetism. By
chemist who discovered that electric setting up a compass through a
current in a wire can deflect a wire carrying an electric current,
magnetized compass needle, a Oersted showed that moving
phenomenon the importance of which was electrons can create a magnetic
rapidly recognized and which inspired the
development of electromagnetic theory. field .