CHAPTER -LENI AR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES KEY NOTES:- For any tinear equation, each solution (x, y) corresponds to a point on the Tine, General form is piven by ay} by +e = Oe +The graph of a tinear equation is a straight fine © Two linear equations in the same vo variables are called a pair of linear equations in squations is: ay) tos Iwo variables. The most general form ofa pair of linear equations 1s: 1x thy + ey Oz ayy thy he 0 Aahore ayes, bye bs, ey and ey are real numbers, suck that ay! # bE #0. a + by #0. +A pair of values of variables *y"and 'y” which satisfy both the equations th system of equations is said to be a solution of the sinultancous pair of linear equa ans in {wo Variables can be represented and solved, by +A pair of linear equ (i) Graphical method (ii) Algebraic method MCQ 1. One equation ofa pair of dependent linear equations (having infinite many solutions) is 2x © Sy = 3. The second equation will be (a) 2x + 5y= (b) 3x + 5y=3 (c) 10x —25y + 15=0 (d) 10x - 25y = 15 2. The alue of k, for which equations 3x + Sy =0 and kx + lOy = 0 has a non-zero solution is 6 (b) 0 ()2 (d)5 3. The pair of equation: aand y=b graphically represents lines which are (a) Parallel (b) intersecting at (b, a) (c) Coincident (d) Intersecting at (a, b) 4 rhe sum of the digits ofa two-digit number is 9. 1°27 is added to it, the digits of the number get reversed. The number is 22(b) 15x —30y + 1 = 05 16x + 28y +1 =0 (©) 16u + 30-1 =05 16u+28v-1=0 (@) 16x + 30y—1=0; 16x# 28y—1 =O i ts x axis is 13, Coordinates of point, such that line 3x+4y=12 meet (@) (0, 4) (b) (4, 0) () G, 9) 0,3) 14. Value ofy satisfying both the equations x= and 2x-y=4 (@ 10 7 (b) -10 (©) 16 @)-16 e of x/y is 15. If bx-ay=atb and ax+tby=a-b, then valu @o (b)-1 (2 @1 16. Ifthe lines 3x+2ky -2= 0 and 2x+Sy41 = 0 are parallel, then what is the value of (@ans (b) 15/4 4s (a) 5/4 17. The solution of 4/x+3y=14 and 3/x-4y=23 is: (@) Band 2 (b) % and % (©) 3 and % (d) 2and 4 18:The angles of cyclic quadrilaterals ABCD are: A= (6x+10), B=(5x)°, C= (sty? ang D=(Gy-10)°. The value of x and y is: (a) x=20° and y = 10° (b) 0° and y = 30° (c) x=44° and y=15° (d) x=15° and y=15° 19. The value of ¢ for which the pair of equations ex — y = 2 and 6x — 2y = 3 will have infinitely many solutions is @3 (b) 3 (@-12 (A) No vale 20. Two equations in two variables taken together are called (a) Linear equations (b) Quadratic equations (c) Simultaneous equations (d) None of these 21. [fam # bl, how many solutions do the pair of equations ax+tby=e; Ix +my=n have 2 24(a) Botha ertion (A)and reason (R) are tue and reason (R) is the Corteet oth ass 7 Mati me assertion (AY ' R are truc and reason (R) is not the the correcy (5) Both assertion (A) and reason (2) sertion (A) explanation of 3 1 reason(R) is false. (c) Assertion(A) is Ie but false but reason(R) is true. (al) Assertion(A) is f 1, Assertion: re linear equations x2y-3-0 4d 3x r4y-2020 have exactly one solution, Reason: te linear equations 2843y-9-0 and 4jy#6y-180 have a unique solution, A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation fo T Ase, B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation f, 0 for Assertion. C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. D. Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct. irthe pair of lines are coincident, then we say that pair of lines is cons sistent ay od it has a unique solution. Reason? if the pair of Hines are parallel then the pair has no solution and is called ine Onsit pair of equations. [A Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for A set BB. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion. , C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. D. Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct. 3, Assertion: The graph of the linear equations 3x+2y=12 and Sx-2y=4 gives a palrof intersecting lines. Reason: The graph of linear equations ay x +b) y-+e1=0 and az x + bay +e2=0 gives patel intersecting lines if ay/ az is not equal to by /by 28B, Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion. C, Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect, p. Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct. 10. Assertion: the value of k for which the system of linear equations kx- y =2 and 6 x -2. y= 3 has a unique solution is 3. Reason: The system of linear equations a; x +b) y +c 0 and ay x + bay +cx=0 gives unique solution ifay/ a2 is not equal to by /by A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion. B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion. C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect, D. Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct. 31and Reason 15 the Correct EXPLANAtgg orp, A Hoth Ase reason Is not the COFTECt EXplanati 1 Noth Assertion and Reason ae correct but ni, Assertion . Agsertion is correct but Reason is incorrect 1D, Assertion ts Incorreet but Reason js correct ork for which the system of linear equations 3x-4Y = 7 4,5 \ 3. Assertion: the valle is Y ek have infinite number of set x eb y fey amd 2 XDI 40 pigs, Suni Reasons The system of Finear equations 3 ‘ hie solution ifay/ ay is not equal toby by Reason is the correct expla acon are correct and cai A Re Ning A. Both Assertion an mare correct but Reason is not the correct explanation, fon 18. Both Assertion and Reas' Assertion, . Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. D. Assertion is incorreet but Reason is corres «Assertion: pair of Finear equation has no solution i ts represented by intersecting i lng, graphically. Reason: if the pair of lines are intersecting then the pair has unique solution and is caljey istent pair of equations. con |A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assen re B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion. C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. D. Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct. 9. Assertion: The value of q= +2, if x=3, y=1 is the solution of the line2x+y-q° -3=0. Reason: the solution of the line will satisfy the equation of the line. A. i . Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assettt 30A oth Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion 1h Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Acsertion, €. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect 1). Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct 4, Assertion: The graphic representation of the equ tions X + 2y 3 and 2X +4¥ +7=0 gives a pair of coincident lines Reavon: The graph of linear equations a) x +h; y +e) -O and a x + by e270 gives pair of coincident lines if ay/ a = by by =e) /ey A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Asse B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. D. Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct. Assertion: The value of k for which the system of equations 3 X + K Y = 0.2.x -y=0 has unique solution if K is not equal to -3/2. Reason: The system of linear equations ay x +by y+c1=0 and a; x + bry +e2=0 gives unique solution ifa)/az is not equal to by /bz A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion. B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion. C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. D. Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct. 6. Assertion: The number of common solutions of the system of linear equations 5 x +4 Y + 6=Oand 10X+8 Y= 12is zero. Reason: The system of linear equations a; x +b; y +c =0 and a x + bay #¢2=0 gives unique solution if'a,/ a2 is not equal to by /bz 29(@) 30 years (b) 41 years (c) 40 years (d) 42 years (ji What will be age of Vaibhay after 10 years? (a) 20 years (b)25 years (¢) 24years (a) 30years (ii) Find the ratio of their ages after 5 ycars, @21 31 ©43 M12 4, Rohan bought 3 notebooks and 2 pens for €80-His friend Atul said that the price of each notebook could be 825. Then 3 note books would cost 275 the two pens would cost &5 and each pen costs 2.50 Another friend Ajay felt that 2.50 for one pen was too little it should be at least rupees 16 then the price of cach notebook would also be rupees 16. Rohit also bought the same types of notebooks and pens as Rohan. He paid rupees 110 for 4 notebooks and three pen later Rohan guess the cost of one pen is rupees 10 and Rohit guess the cost of one notebook is rupees 30, On the basis of above situation answer the following questions (i) The pair of linear equations in two variables from this situation by taking cost of one notebook is Rupees x and cost of one pen rupees y. (@3X4#2Y=80;4x+3 Y=110 (b)2X +3 Y=80;3X+4Y=110 (©) X+¥=80;X+Y=110 ()3X42Y=110; 4x43 Y=80 (i) The cost of one notebook is (@) 20 (b) 210 © zs @1s (ii) Cost of one pen is (220 (b) @10 © 5 @15 (iv) Find whose estimation is correct. (a) Rohan (b) Rohit (© Atul (@) Ajay ASSERTION AND RI! SON BASE UESTIONS DIRECTION: in the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R) . Mark the correct choice as: ar- : icles like auto, Ricl 2. Due to hike in petrol and diesel prices, different types of vehicles kshavys, 2 : ‘ise ofa harge together wi taxis, Radio cab ete. The auto charges in a city comprise ofa fixed cl gether With the e fe ing situation: charge for the distance covered, Study the following situa! Name of city Distance Fare (in ) treyelled (in Kin) Delhi 10 5 15 110 Situation 1: In Delhi, fora journcy of 10 km, the charge paid is Rs 75 and fora journey of 15 km, the charge paid is Rs 110. Based on the above layout and situation, answer the following questions: (i How this situation can be expressed algebraically in the form of pair of linear equations in two variables? (a) x+10y =75 ; xt 15y=110 (b) xt Sy =110. 5 x-9y =75 (©) x-9y =75;x = 1y=110 (d) x - l4y=1 10; x1 0y =75, (ii) What is fixed charge and charge per km. (a) %5, 87 (RBS (©) RVW_ (2S, (iii) Find fare of auto rickshaw for SOkm distance in Delhi. (a) 345, (b) 355 (©) 455. (d) 305 3. Yash and his son Vaibhav were playing riddles. When Vaibhav ask age of his father, Yash replied in language of riddle, After five years 1 will be three times of your age. And five years ago, was seven times of your age. On basis of above situation, answer the following questions. (i) Linear equation representing age of Yash and Vaibhav after five years taking age of Yash as x and age of vaibhay as y years is (a) 3x 4y=10 — (b) x-3y =10 (©) x-3y =-10 (d) 3x-y =10 i) Find present age of Yash 26‘A one soluti i (a) Only 0 tion (b) Wo solutions (¢) zero solution (d) infinite many solutions 22, Value of a" so that the point (2, 9) lies on the line represented by ax-3y=5 is (a I (b)-11 (c)-16 (d) 16 23. Asha has only 21 and 32 coins with her. ithe total number of coins that she has is 50 and the amount of money with her is 275, then the number of 1 and 22 coins are, respectively Sand 15 (b) 15 and 35 (a (c) 35 and 20 (A) 25 and 25 24. The father’s a ige of the father will be son's age, ur years hence, th four times his son's age. The present aes of the son and the father are, respectively (a) 4and 24 (b) 5 and 30 (6) 6 and 36 (d)3.and 24 Case study questions 1, Two very intelligent and hardworking brothers Sanjay and Rahul support their parents by taking tuitions. The ratio of the income they made be from the tuition are in the ratio 9:7 and the ratio of their monthly expenditure is 4:3 and each of them manages to respectivel save rupees 2000 per month. On basis of above situation answer the following questions. (i) linear equations representing income with variable x and expenditures with variable y are (a) 9x -7y=2000; 4x-3y=2000, (b) 9x-4y=2000; 7x-3y=2000 , (c) 9x-3y=2000; 7x-4y=2000 (d) 9x +7y=2000; 4x+3y=2000 (ii) Find the monthly income of both brothers. (a) %33000 (b) 230000 (c) 232000 (d) 240000 (ii) Find monthly expenditure of Rahul. (a) 212000 (b) 10000 (c) 212500 (d) ¥11600 (iv)In how many months both of them will manage to buy a laptop of worth 44000 with their saving. (a)10 months (b)I1 months (c)9 months (dl) 8 months 25a2? by) 72 a : (o) 45 (d) 36 5. The graph of the equation 2x4 3y © 5 is a (a) Vertical line (b) Straightline (e) Horizontal line (d) None of these 6. 1a pair of linear equations is consistent, then the lines are: a)Parallel— (b) Always coincide . . . a (HAlways coincident (c)Always intersecting (d)lntersceting, or coincident 7.1298 + 37y = 103, 37x 4+ 29y = 95 then: =hy=2 as hys2 (byx=2.y=1 (N= 3 (d)x=3,y=2 8, The pair of equations y = 0 and y = -7 has (a) One solution (b) Two solutions (c) Infinitely many solutions: (d) No solution 9. Ix =a. y = b is the solution of the equation x —y = 2 and x + y = 4, then the value of a and bare respectively (a) Sand 5 (b) 5 and 3. (c)3and 1 (d)-l and -3 10. If the system of equations 2x + 3y =7 2ax + (a + b) y = 28 has infinitely many solutions, then (a)a=2b (b) b =2a (c)a+2b=0 (d)2a+b=0 11. A fraction becomes 4/5 when | is added to each of the numerator and denominator. However, if we subtract 5 from each then it becomes 1/2. The fraction is — (a) 5/8 (b) 5/6 (7/9 (d) 13/16 12. 3 women and 6 men can together finish a tailoring job in 5 days, while 4 women and 7 men can finish it in 4 days. Find the time taken by | woman alone to finish the work, and also that taken by | man alone. The linear equations (in standard form) to solve this problem algebraically are - (a) 15u+30v—1 = 0; 16u + 28v—