This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: F30 − 96 (Reapproved 2017)

Standard Specification for

Iron-Nickel Sealing Alloys1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F30; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope F14 Practice for Making and Testing Reference Glass-Metal

1.1 This specification covers iron-nickel alloys that are Bead-Seal
intended primarily for sealing to glass in electronic applica- F140 Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Butt Seals
tions. and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric
Methods
NOTE 1—Some of these alloys may be used for sealing to ceramics, but F144 Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Sandwich
this specification in its present form is not intended to cover material for
Seal and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polari-
metal-to-ceramic seals.
metric Methods
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical 3. Ordering Information
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
and are not considered standard.
the following information:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety 3.1.1 Size,
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility 3.1.2 Temper (Section 6),
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 3.1.3 Surface finish (Section 8),
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory 3.1.4 Marking and packaging (Section 16), and
limitations prior to use. The hazard statement pertains only to 3.1.5 Certification if required.
the test method sections, Sections 10 and 12.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- 4. Chemical Composition
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5. Surface Lubricants
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 All lubricants used in processing shall be thoroughly
2. Referenced Documents removed. Protective coatings present on the material as
shipped shall be readily removable by any of the common
2.1 ASTM Standards:2
organic degreasing solvents.
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
terials
6. Temper
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications 6.1 The desired temper of the material shall be specified on
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size the purchase order. Unless otherwise specified, wire, rod, bar,
E228 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid and tubing shall be given a final bright anneal by the manu-
Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer facturer. Strip and sheet shall be annealed properly to develop
deep drawing properties. For deep drawing the hardness shall
not exceed Rockwell B82 for material 0.100 in. (2.54 mm) and
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committtee F01 on less in thickness, and B85 for material over 0.100 in. thick
Electronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.03 on Metallic when determined in accordance with Test Methods E18.
Materials, Wire Bonding, and Flip Chip.
Current edition approved June 1, 2017 Published June 2017. Originally approved
7. Grain Size
in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F30–96 (2012). DOI:
10.1520/F0030-96R17.
2
7.1 Strip and sheet for deep drawing applications shall have
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
an average grain size not larger than ASTM No. 5 (Note 2) and
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on no more than 10 % of the grains shall be larger than No. 5
the ASTM website. when measured in accordance with Test Methods E112. For

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 F30 − 96 (2017)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements 10. Test for Thermal Expansion
Composition, %
10.1 Determine the thermal expansion characteristics with a
42 Alloy 46 Alloy 48 Alloy 52 Alloy
UNS UNS UNS 51 Alloy UNS
precision dilatometer after heating the specimen as follows:
K94100 K94600 K94800 N14052 10.1.1 Heat the specimen in a hydrogen atmosphere for 1 h
Nickel,A nominal 41 46 48 51.5 50.5 at 900°C and then cool it from 900 to 200°C at a rate not
Manganese, max 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.60 0.60 exceeding 5°C/min.
Silicon, max 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30
Carbon, max 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
10.1.2 The thermal expansion properties are determined in
Chromium, max 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 accordance with Test Method E228.
B B B B B
Cobalt, max
Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.0250 0.025 10.2 The thermal expansion match between the alloy and a
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.0250 0.025 glass may be evaluated by testing the assembly in accordance
Aluminum, max 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.100 0.10 with Practices F14, F140, or F144.
Iron remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder
A
The nickel contents listed are nominal. The nickel contents of the alloys shall be 11. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
adjusted by the manufacturer so that the alloys meet the requirements for thermal
expansion. The 52 Alloy is specifically intended to match lead (Pb) sealing glasses. 11.1 Cold-Rolled Strip—Cold-rolled strip shall conform to
B
Cobalt is present as an incidental element and shall be reported separately. the permissible variations in dimensions prescribed in Table 3,
Table 4, and Table 5.
materials less than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) in thickness the grain 11.2 Round Wire and Rod—Wire and rod shall conform to
size shall be such that there are no less than 4 grains across the the permissible variations in dimension prescribed in Table 6.
thickness. 11.3 Cold-Drawn Tubing—Cold-drawn tubing, available ei-
NOTE 2—This corresponds to a grain size of 0.065 mm or 16 grains/in.
ther as seamless or welded, shall conform to the permissible
of image of 100×. variations prescribed in Table 7.

8. Surface Finish 12. Rounding Results

8.1 The standard surface finishes available shall be those 12.1 Observed or calculated values obtained from analysis,
resulting from the following operations: measurements, or tests shall be rounded in accordance with
8.1.1 Hot-rolling, Practice E29, to the nearest unit in the last right place of figures
8.1.2 Forging, used in expressing the specified limit.
8.1.3 Centerless grinding (rod),
8.1.4 Belt polishing, 13. General Requirements
8.1.5 Cold rolling, and drawing, and 13.1 The material shall be commercially smooth, uniform in
8.1.6 Wire drawing. cross section, in composition, and in temper; it shall be free
from scale, corrosion, porosity, cracks, seams, scratches,
9. Thermal Expansion Characteristics slivers, and other defects as best commercial practice will
9.1 The average linear coefficients of thermal expansion permit.
shall be within the limits specified in Table 2.
14. Packaging and Package Marking
TABLE 2 Thermal Expansion Requirements A
14.1 Packaging shall be subject to agreement between the
Average Linear purchaser and the seller.
Coefficient of
Temperature 14.2 The material as furnished under this specification shall
UNS Number Alloy No. Thermal
Range, °C
Expansion,µ be identified by the name or symbol of the manufacturer and by
m/m·°C
melt number. The lot size for determining compliance with the
K94100 42 30 to 300 4.0 to 4.7
30 to 450 6.7 to 7.4
requirements of this specification shall be one heat.

K94600 46 30 to 350 7.1 to 7.8 15. Investigation of Claims

30 to 500 8.2 to 8.9
15.1 Where any material fails to meet the requirements of
K94800 48 30 to 400 8.2 to 9.2 this specification, the material so designated shall be handled in
30 to 550 9.6 to 10.3 accordance with the agreement mutually agreed upon by the
... 51 30 to 450 9.9 to 10.5 purchaser and the seller.
30 to 550 10.0 to 10.7
16. Keywords
N14052 52 30 to 450 9.7 to 10.2
30 to 550 10.0 to 10.5 16.1 glass-to-metal sealing applications; iron-nickel alloys;
A
Typical expansion data up to 1000°C are given in the Appendix. UNS K94600; UNS K94800; UNS N14052; vacuum
electronics

2
 F30 − 96 (2017)
TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Thickness of Cold-Rolled Strip
NOTE 1—Measurements shall be made at least 3⁄8 in. (9.5 mm) from the edge of strip that is over 1 in. (25.4 mm) wide.
Permissible Variations in Thickness for Width Given, plus or minus, in. (mm)
Specified Thickness, in. (mm) Over 12 to 16 (305 to
Under 3 (76) Over 3 to 6 (76 to 152) Over 6 to 12 (152 to 305)
406)
0.160 to 0.100 (4.06 to 2.54), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.102) 0.004 (0.102)
0.099 to 0.069 (2.51 to 1.75), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.102)
0.068 to 0.050 (1.73 to 1.27), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076)
0.049 to 0.035 (1.24 to 0.89), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076)
0.034 to 0.029 (0.86 to 0.74), incl 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064) 0.0025 (0.064)
0.028 to 0.026 (0.71 to 0.66), incl 0.0015 (0.038) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.002 (0.051)
0.025 to 0.020 (0.64 to 0.51), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.002 (0.051)
0.019 to 0.017 (0.48 to 0.43), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051)
0.016 to 0.012 (0.41 to 0.31), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.0015 (0.038)
0.011 to 0.0101 (0.28 to 0.26), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038)
0.010 to 0.0091 (0.25 to 0.23), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025)
0.009 to 0.006 (0.23 to 0.15), incl 0.00075 (0.019) 0.00075 (0.019) ... ...
Under 0.006 (0.15) 0.0005 (0.013) 0.0005 (0.013) ... ...

TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Thickness Across Width of Cold-Rolled Strip

Maximum Variation in Thickness Across Width of Strip (Within Limits Specified in Table 3 for Edge
Measurements) for Widths and Thicknesses Given, in. (mm)
Specified Thickness, in. (mm)
Over 12 to 24 (305
5 (127) and under Over 5 to 12 (127 to 305)
to 610), incl
0.005 to 0.010 (0.13 to 0.25), incl 0.00075 (0.019) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038)
Over 0.010 to 0.025 (0.25 to 0.64), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051)
Over 0.025 to 0.065 (0.64 to 1.65), incl 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064)
Over 0.065 to 3⁄16 (1.65 to 4.8), excl 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064) 0.003 (0.076)

TABLE 5 Permissible Variations in Width of Coil-Rolled Strip Supplied in Coils

Permissible Variations in Width for Widths Given, plus or minus, in. (mm)
Specified Thickness, in. (mm) Under 1⁄2 to 3⁄16 (12.7 Over 6 to 9 (152 to Over 9 to 12 (229 to Over 12 to 20 (305 to
⁄ to 6 (12.7 to 152)
12
to 4.8) 229) 305) 508)
0.187 to 0.161 (4.75 to 4.09) ... 0.016 (0.41) 0.020 (0.51) 0.020 (0.51) 0.031 (0.79)
0.160 to 0.100 (4.06 to 2.54) 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41) 0.020 (0.51)
0.099 to 0.069 (2.51 to 1.75) 0.008 (0.20) 0.008 (0.20) 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) 0.016 (0.41)
0.068 (1.73) and under 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13) 0.010 (0.25) 0.016 (0.41)

3
 F30 − 96 (2017)
TABLE 6 Permissible Variations in Diameter of Wire and Rod
Specified Diameter, in. (mm) Permissible Variations in Diameter, plus or minus, in. (mm)
Wire (Coiled, Spooled, or Straight Lengths)
0.002 to 0.0043 (0.051 to 0.109) 0.002 (0.051)
0.0044 to 0.0079 (0.112 to 0.201) 0.00025 (0.006)
0.008 to 0.0149 (0.203 to 0.378) 0.0003 (0.007)
0.015 to 0.0199 (0.381 to 0.505) 0.0004 (0.010)
0.020 to 0.0309 (0.508 to 0.785) 0.0005 (0.013)
0.031 to 0.0409 (0.787 to 1.039) 0.0006 (0.015)
0.041 to 0.0609 (1.041 to 1.547) 0.0007 (0.018)
0.061 to 0.0809 (1.549 to 2.055) 0.0008 (0.020)
0.081 to 0.1259 (2.057 to 3.198) 0.001 (0.025)
0.126 to 0.1569 (3.200 to 3.985) 0.0015 (0.038)
0.157 to 0.250 (3.99 to 6.35) 0.002 (0.051)

Rod, Centerless Ground Finish (Straight Lengths)

0.030 to 0.0549 (0.762 to 1.394) 0.0005 (0.013)
0.055 to 0.1249 (1.397 to 3.172) 0.001 (0.025)
0.125 to 0.499 (3.175 to 12.67) 0.0015 (0.038)
0.500 to 0.999 (12.70 to 25.38) 0.002 (0.051)
1.000 to 1.625 (25.40 to 41.27) 0.0025 (0.064)
1.626 to 1.749 (41.30 to 44.43) 0.003 (0.076)
1.750 to 1.999 (44.45 to 50.78) 0.004 (0.102)
2.000 to 4.000 (50.80 to 101.60) 0.005 (0.13)

TABLE 7 Permissible Variations in Dimensions of Standard Tubing A

Specified Outside Diameter, in. (mm) Outside Diameter, in. (mm) Inside Diameter, in. (mm) Wall Thickness, plus or minus, %
Under 3⁄32 (2.4) + 0.002 (0.051) + 0.000 10
−0.000 −0.002 (0.051)
⁄
3 32 to ⁄
3 16 (2.4 to 4.8), excl + 0.003 (0.076) + 0.000 10
−0.000 −0.003 (0.076)
⁄
3 16 to 1⁄2 (4.8 to 12.7), excl + 0.004 (0.102) + 0.000 10
−0.000 −0.004 (0.102)
⁄ to 11⁄2 (12.7 to 38.1), excl
12 + 0.005 (0.127) + 0.000 10
−0.000 −0.005 (0.127)

APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. THERMAL EXPANSION DATA

X1.1 Typical thermal expansion data for the alloys covered

by this specification are given in Table X1.1 for information
only.

4
 F30 − 96 (2017)
TABLE X1.1 Typical Results of Thermal Expansion Tests
Temperature Range, °C Average Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, µm/m·°C
42 Alloy 46 Alloy 48 Alloy 51 Alloy 52 Alloy
UNS K94100 UNS K94600 UNS K94800 UNS N14052
30 to 300 4.4 7.5 8.8 10.2 10.1
30 to 400 6.0 7.5 8.7 10.2 9.9
30 to 500 7.9 8.5 9.4 10.1 9.9
30 to 600 9.6 9.8 10.4 11.0 10.8
30 to 700 10.5 10.7 11.3 11.9 11.7
30 to 800 11.4 11.6 12.1 12.7 12.5
30 to 900 12.3 12.5 13.0 13.5 13.3
30 to 1000 13.2 13.4 13.9 14.4 14.2

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