Structural dynamic Project Semester 2 98-99

1) Discuss the importance of dynamic analysis in Civil Engineering structures.

2) For the frame shown in Figure, using a single-degree-of-freedom model, determine the natural
frequency and period in free vibration given that EI = 27×103 kNm2 and M = 24 tones. If a
machine is placed on member BC which has an unbalanced force of 500 kg varying sinusoidally,
neglecting the mass of the machine, determine:
(I) the maximum displacement when the unit’s speed is 360 rpm;
(II) the speed of the machine at resonance;
(III) The displacement at resonance.

3) For small damping, show that the logarithmic decrement is expressed in terms of vibrational
energy U and the energy dissipated per cycle.

4) The structure shown in Figure supports a scoreboard at a sports centre. The Claxton (of total mass
M) which sounds the end of playing periods includes a motor which has an unbalanced mass of
100 kg which varies sinusoidally when sounded. Using a single-degree-of-freedom model for
vibrations in the vertical direction, and neglecting the mass of the truss members, determine:
(I) the natural frequency and period in free vibration;
(II) the damping, given that a test showed 5 cycles after a 10 mm initial displacement was imposed, the
amplitude was 5.30 mm;
(III) the maximum displacement when the unit’s speed is 1500 rpm;
(IV) the speed of the machine at resonance;
(V) the displacement at resonance.

Note:
Take the following values:
- For all truss members EA= 20*103 KN
- M = 5 Tones;
- Ignore the stiffness and mass of member EF.
 Structural dynamic Project Semester 2 98-99

5)
(a) For the frame shown in figure, using a single-degree-of-freedom model, determine:
(I) The natural frequency and period in free vibration;
(II) An expression for the displacement at time t if member BC is displaced 20mm and suddenly released
at time t = 1 sec.

(b) The frame is found to have 5% damping. Using appropriate approximations, what is the percentage
change in deflection, 4 cycles after the frame is released, of the damped behavior compared to the un-
damped behavior?

(c) A machine is placed on member BC which has an unbalanced force of 500 kg which varies
sinusoidally. Neglecting the mass of the machine, determine:
(I) the maximum displacement when the unit’s speed is 150 rpm;
(II) The speed of the machine at resonance;
(III) The displacement at resonance.

Note:
Take the following values:
- EI = 20×103 kNm2;
- M = 20 tones;
- Consider BC as infinitely rigid.

6. A rigid block of weight W is released from rest position at a height of “h” above a weightless
spring. The spring stiffness is k. Find the maximum deflection xmax of the spring. Assume that
there is no damping.
 Structural dynamic Project Semester 2 98-99

7. On a nice weekend day, while you are riding your bicycle around in Bandargaah you make a
wrong turn and end up riding on the infamously rough Road by the beach. Assume that the road
surface profile varies harmonically with  6 cm undulations. The distance between consecutive
peaks of these undulations is 2 m. Assume that all of the “suspension” in your bike is thanks to
springs under the seat of your bike. When you sit on the seat of your bike for your casual ride, the
springs deflect 5 cm. When you are seated, the damper under the seat provides an equivalent
linear viscous damping of 10% of the critical damping.
A simple representation of your ride on the “never-ending” rough road is shown below.
If you are riding your bicycle at a horizontal speed v of 2.5 m/sec, how much bumping up and down will
you experience? In other words, what is the maximum vertical displacement you will experience?
On another beach Road bike ride, you are carrying a backpack which increases your on-seat weight by
20%. Assuming that you are still able to ride at v= 2.5 m/sec, will this “loaded” ride be more or less
comfortable than your previous, “no backpack” ride?

8. Compare the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the following structures.

9. (MATLAB Programming) Solve for six cycles the response of an unforced system given by

𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑐𝑥̇ + 𝑘𝑥 = 0
For ξ = {0, 0.1 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0}.

Take m = 5 kg; k = 1000 N/m; x(0) = 5 cm; 𝑥̇ (0) = 0

Develop a plot for the solutions corresponding to the seven ξ values and comment on the plots obtained.
 Structural dynamic Project Semester 2 98-99

10. (MATLAB Programming) Plot the response of a forced system given by the equation

𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑐𝑥̇ + 𝑘𝑥 = 𝑓𝑠𝑖𝑛(w𝑡)

For ξ = {0, 0.1 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0}.

m = 1 kg; k = 100 N/m; f = 100 N;

Develop a plot for the solutions corresponding to the seven ξ values and comment on the plots obtained.

Notes:
- The project must be submitted in PDF file, Printed and Power Point to be submitted in
the class.
- In case of missing anything, please assume logically.
- Please have the used software with yourselves in the class for the probable questions.
- Written codes must be included in the submitted files as well.
- The deadline will be the last day of class.
- After the determined deadline, the projects would not be accepted.