UNIT 4:

Matter and Its

Interaction
In Grade 9, you have learned about chemical
bonding and its various types. You have learned
about chemical bonding and how particles are
rearrange to form new substances.
In Grade 10, you will learn that the arrangement
of particles happen when substances undergo
chemical reaction.
Also, in Grade 10 Chemistry, you will investigate
how gases behave in different conditions based
on knowledge of the motion of and distances
between gas particles.
This module offers interesting discussion about gases.
You will have a chance to get to know important
concepts that will make you appreciate the properties
You learned in Grade 8 that like other solids and
liquid, gases are also made up of molecules that
behave differently. Most of the properties of
gases can be attributed to the random and
scattered arrangement of its molecules
BEHAVIOR
OF
GASES
 ELICIT
What can you say about the picture?
ELICIT
ELICIT

• Gas is matter that is all around

you and fills many kinds of things.
• For example, bubbles, balloons,
and balls are filled with gas.
• Air is also a gas.
• Gas takes the shape and size of
the container.
ELICIT
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
l. Observe the different behavior and properties of
gases;

ll. Identify the relationship of gas and mass, gas and

volume, gas and temperature, gas and pressure; and

lll. Conduct an experiment that shows the relationship

between gas and mass, gas and volume, gas and
temperature, gas and pressure.
NIFLATE
EMPETRAURET
SPREURES
SAG
LUMEVO
 GETTING TO KNOW GASES

Table 1: Activity A (Gas & Mass)

Table 2 and 5: Activity B (Gas & Volume )
Table 3 and 4: Activity C (Gas & Temp.)
Table 6 and 7: Activity D (Gas & Pressure)
 SAFETY PROTOCOL
1. No horse playing.
2. Always leave your area clean.
3. Be careful in handling the
laboratory equipments.
4. Avoid placing your food in
your working area.
GETTING TO KNOW GASES

Gases have different properties. They have

indefinite shape and size of their containers.
Gases also have mass, volume, temperature,
and pressure.
 GETTING TO KNOW GASES
VOLUME- it is the amount of space occupied
by the gases.
TEMPERATURE- the measure of the hotness
and coldness of the gas.
PRESSURE- is the force applied by the gas
particles per unit area.
GETTING TO KNOW GASES
RUBRICS
GETTING TO KNOW GASES
A. GASES AND ITS MASS
The mass of the balloon will be measured
before and after it is inflated.
That is why, it is expected that the mass
of the inflated balloon is heavier than the
deflated one because of the introduction
of gases inside the balloon.
 GETTING TO KNOW GASES
A. GASES AND ITS MASS
QUESTION 1: Is the mass of the deflated balloon different
from the mass of the inflated balloon?
YES
QUESTION 2: Which is heavier, the inflated or deflated balloon?
The inflated balloon is heavier than the deflated balloon.
Because of the introduction of gas.
QUESTION 3: What can you assume in this activity?
Gases like solid and liquids, also have mass.
GETTING TO KNOW GASES
A. GASES AND ITS MASS
GETTING TO KNOW GASES
B. GASES AND ITS VOLUME
To prove that gases have volume, water
covered with oil is used in this experiment.
The air is then introduced in the water using
a syringe. The oil will prevent the air from
escaping. It is expected that the volume of
the mixture will increase because air
also have volume.
 GETTING TO KNOW GASES
B. GASES AND ITS VOLUME
QUESTION 1: What happen to the volume reading
of the water-oil mixture when
an air is introduced to it?
The volume is increases
QUESTION 2: What does it indicate?
Gas has volume
 GETTING TO KNOW GASES
C. GASES AND ITS TEMPERATURE
The following conditions are considered; room
temperature, low temperature, and high
temperature is set as the initial condition.
Low temperature is achieved by exposing the air
to water full of ice. On the other hand, high
temperature is achieved by exposing the air to
boiling water.
 GETTING TO KNOW GASES
C. GASES AND ITS TEMPERATURE
QUESTION 1: Is there a difference in the temperature
of the air among the three set-ups?
Yes
QUESTION 2: Explain the difference in temperature
of the air.
Heat flows from the system to the surrounding or vice
versa. If the water is cold, the surrounding also get cold.
 GETTING TO KNOW GASES
D. GASES AND ITS PRESSURE
To prove that gases exert pressure, inflated and
deflated balloons are used in this experiment.
It is expected that the inflated balloon will
become bigger once it is placed on the mouth of
the Erlenmeyer.
 GETTING TO KNOW GASES
D. GASES AND ITS PRESSURE
QUESTION 1: What happen to the inflated balloon?
The balloon become bigger
QUESTION 2: What causes this phenomenon?
The heat of the water is transferred into the air above it, which
Then transfers the heat into the air inside the balloon. Once the air
inside the balloon is heated, its molecules will become more
Excited causing an increase in their kinetic energy.
 GETTING TO KNOW GASES
D. GASES AND ITS PRESSURE
QUESTION 3: What happens to the deflated balloon?
The deflated balloon becomes inflated.
QUESTION 4: What causes the balloon to change its shape and size?
As the water is heated until it boils, water vapors are produced.
These vapors are warm and warm air moves upward
just as cold air moves downward. Because warm air is less
dense than cold air.
 PROPERTIES OF GASES
No definite shape/volume
o Expands to fill its container
 PROPERTIES OF GASES
 Easily compressed (squeezed into a smaller container)
o Compressibility is a measure of how much the volume of
matter decreases under pressure.
o Gases are easily compressed because of the space
between the particles in a gas.
 BEHAVIOR OF GASES
 COMPRESSIBILITY- is a measure of how much the volume of
matter decrease under pressure.
• Gases can expand to fill its container, unlike solids or liquids.
• They are easily compressed, or squeezed into a smaller
volume.
• This is the idea behind placing “air bags” in automobiles.
• In an accident, the air compresses more than the steering
wheel or dash when you strike it.
• The impact forces the gas particles is a lot of empty space
between them.
 BEHAVIOR OF GASES
 EXPANSIBILITY
• When pressure is exerted on gas, it contracts. On the
other hand, when pressure is freed, the gas expands.
• When the temperature is augmented, the constituent
particles gain more energy, travel faster and move away from
each other.
 BEHAVIOR OF GASES
 DIFFUSIBILITY
• Gaseous atoms and molecules move freely and randomly
through space.
• Diffusion is the process whereby gaseous atoms and
molecules are transferred from regions of relatively high
concentration to regions of relatively low concentration.
1. In properties of gases, which is not
belong?
a) It expands to fill its container.
b) It has space between the particles in a gas.
c) Easily compressed.
d) None of the above
 QUIZ 1
2. In behavior of gases, which is not
belong?
a) Compressibility
b) Expansibility
c) Durability
d) Diffusibility
 QUIZ 1
3. Which is heavier inflated balloon or
the deflated balloon?
a) Inflated balloon is heavier because it has the
weight of the balloon skin and the air inside.
b) Inflated balloon is heavier because it is inflated.
c) Deflated balloon is heavier because it will not
float in the water.
d) Deflated balloon is heavier because it is not
inflated.
 QUIZ 1
4. What is the relationship between gas
and volume?
a) As volume decreases, pressure
increases.
b) As volume increases the pressure also
increases.
 QUIZ 1
5. What is the relationship between gas
and temperature?
a) Raising the temperature of a gas
decreases the pressure.
b) Raising the temperature of a gas
increases the pressure.
 ASSIGNMENT
In your notebook write and search
the following questions.
1. What is Boyle’s Law?
2. Who discovered Boyle’s Law?
3. Why Boyle’s Law important?
THANK YOU SO MUCH!