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Basic Commands of Bash

Muhammad Nazir completed various Linux commands on creating, modifying, and merging files. This included creating text files, adding C++ code and data, merging files using cat, setting permissions using chmod, finding strings using grep, checking dates and locations using date and pwd, and creating a directory. Commands were used to display file contents, set execution permissions for groups, remove write permissions, and get the numeric representation of file permissions.

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Muhammad Nazir
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

Basic Commands of Bash

Muhammad Nazir completed various Linux commands on creating, modifying, and merging files. This included creating text files, adding C++ code and data, merging files using cat, setting permissions using chmod, finding strings using grep, checking dates and locations using date and pwd, and creating a directory. Commands were used to display file contents, set execution permissions for groups, remove write permissions, and get the numeric representation of file permissions.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Nazir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Muhammad Nazir (2021-CS-8)

Work done on Linux Prompt:


Task1:

Creating "19f-XXXX.txt" File:


I have created a file named "19f-XXXX.txt". This file contains the C++ code of finding factorial.

Used Command: touch 19f-XXXX.txt**

Creating "Muhammad_Nazir.txt" File:


Now I have created another file named "Muhammad_Nazir.txt". This also contains data of more than 10
lines.

Used Command: touch Muhammad_Nazir.txt


Merging Both Files:
After creating "19f-XXXX.txt" and Muhammad_Nazir.txt, I have merged these files.

Used Command: cat 19f-XXXX.txt Muhammad_Nazir.txt >> Merged_file.txt

Redirect Output in Merged File:


When I have merged files, the output is already redirected.

Used Command: cat 19f-XXXX.txt Muhammad_Nazir.txt >> Merged_file.txt


Displaying First Two Lines:
Then I have displayed the first two lines of "19f-XXXX.txt".

Used Command: head -2 19f-XXXX.txt

Displaying last Two Lines:


Then I have displayed the last two lines of "19f-XXXX.txt".

Used Command: tail -2 Muhammad_Nazir.txt


Finding String:
Now I have tried to find some specific string in files.

Used Command(from all files): grep -r "2021-CS-8"

Used Command(from all files): grep -r "2021-CS-8" 19f-XXXX.txt

Giving Execution Permission:


Here I have tried many command to give group execution permission.
Used Command: chmod g+x Muhammad_Nazir.txt

Removing Write Permission:


Now , I have removed the write permission of second file.

Used Command: chmod u-w Muhammad_Nazir.txt

Displaying Current Location:


Now, I have find my current location.
Used Command: pwd

Finding List of All Files on Desktop:


Now, I find the list of all files present on desktop directory.

Used Command: ls

Making Directory:
Then I have created a directory named "2021-CS-8".
Used Command: mkdir 2021-CS-8

Checking Current Date:


After that I have displayed the current time.

Used Command: date

Displaying Message:
After completing my all parts of task1, I have displayed thankyou message.
Used Command: echo Thank you

Task2:

Creating 19f-XXXX_OS-lab_rules.txt File:


First, I have created 19f-XXXX_OS-lab file that contains all the rules from Lab1.

Used Command: touch 19f-XXXX_OS-lab_rules.txt


Creating (-rws r-x r--):
Here I have created the read, right and execution rights. Initially, my file contains rights i.e

(-rwxrwxr-x). Then I have used commands to make given rights.

Used Commands: chmod g-w 19f-XXXX_OS-lab_rules.txt

Used Commands: chmod o-x 19f-XXXX_OS-lab_rules.txt

Creating Numeric Format of Rights:


Then I have created numeric value of rights given us.

Used Command: stat -c "%a" 19f-XXXX_OS-lab_rules.txt


Change File Permission using Derived Number:
Initially, I gave all the rights to created file using chmod commands.

Used Commands: chmod 777 19f-XXXX_OS-lab_rules.txt

Used Commands: chmod 754 19f-XXXX_OS-lab_rules.txt

Part4:
At the end, I have append the output of ls command to created file "19f-XXXX_OS-lab_rules.txt".
Used Command: ls -l 19f-XXXX_OS-lab_rules.txt >> 19f-XXXX_OS-lab_rules.txt

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