Healing Environments PDF

National College of Arts
Architecture Design Studio III 5th Semester 2023,

Project: 03
Course Instructors: Mr M.Azib Bajwa, Mr Asad Ali, Mr Muhammad Ali

Trimimzi, Mr Khalid Yar Khan, Ms. Fariha Shahid, Mr. Naveed Hussain, Mr Umair
Zia, Mr Salman Gauhar, Ms Sana Nauman,
SEMESTER V: Project 3 (Exam):
Healing Environments/Architecture: General Hospital
Introduction & Importance:

“If the dynamics care field suggests that hospitals can never be fully
completed they can nonetheless guide their continuing evolution so as to
maintain in the face of change.”
(Margaret Gaskie)
The advancement in medical knowledge and skill that have taken place
together with the parallel revolution in communications that is bringing these
advances within the areas of a constantly increasing number of people
throughout the world have combined in a process which seems irreversible.
The provision of health care is a developing facility and its continuous
expansion in one form or another to a widening range of the population
seems inevitable. Historically it lies back to the 5th century B.C. when Greek
Asklepieia of Athens. It has a double hall for dreamers. Buildings that provide
health care fulfil many different functions and accommodate the whole life
span of man. They provide services for the promotion of health and the
prevention of illness, for the assistance of natural functions such as
childbirth, for the cure of disabilities and the support of those who in a variety
of ways are afflicted or incapacitated. These buildings may be said to fall into
a number of generic types, but although medicine is largely international the
manner in which it is applied in different countries and the forms of building,
which are appropriate to house it, are likely to exhibit differences. Although
sharing similarities the buildings will reflect the nature of the organization
and culture, economy and geography of the places in which they are situated.
There are no simple, universal solutions to buildings that provide health care.
Every country presents a different problem and produces different answers
from the highly automated hospital to the itinerant who needs no premises.
Although it is dangerous to generalize it is probably reasonable to say that a
broad distinction can be made between the developed and the developing
world and that to apply to the latter the solutions of the former without
understanding their fundamental dissimilarities is to head for disaster. Not
only are there often-great differences in belief, social attitudes and
infrastructure but the diseases to be mastered are different, as are the
problems of climate and communications and the available manpower for
staffing. Above all the financial resources that can be raised to initiate and
keep health facilities in action are always limited.
Now the doctor-patient relationship is changing due to social and economical
changes. However significant these changes have been, they are not the only
forces reshaping the traditional doctor-patient relationship. Emphasis has
shifted from the treatment of disease to keeping people healthy.
Precautions that must be taken by healthcare workers including those who
work in hospitals, and medical offices, have increased the costs of treating all
patients. Surgeons and operating room personnel are at high risk because of
open wounds and the spattering of blood. Surgeons wear protective eyewear
and double gloves. Longer operating room time means greater expense for
every procedure.
The trend toward outpatient care will continue, with approval for many more
procedures to be done on an outpatient basis. All of this suggests that the
medical space planner will need to become familiar with an increasing
number of medical procedures and techniques to accommodate them
properly in new outpatient facilities.
Operational efficiency is another drive behind health care Design these days
since a typical hospital spends about 6O% of its budget on labour costs. A
design that reduces staffing needs can have a major impact on the bottom
line.
All these factors indicate that designers of healthcare facilities must be very
aware of asepsis control in all healthcare environments.
Design Issue:
The evolution and changing perspectives of medical facility design, General
health care setup in Pakistan, form and aesthetic appeal of the hospital,
psychological factors creating a healing environment, colour and its effect on
patients, and the psychological aspects of illness-how do patients and visitors
react to hospitals? Why do people fear a visit to the doctor? What role does
lighting play in patient rooms? What role does Nature play in Healing? How
are patients handled? What kinds of instruments do the doctors use? What
size treatment room would be efficient? What latest diagnostic facilities are to
be provided? Which materials are to be used such as designing with Red
List-free materials, providing clean and filtered air, and offering access to
outside experiences etc? Regarding structural consideration and building
requirements, it must be resilient to natural disasters and must provide
access after that such as earthquakes, wildfires and earthquakes etc. On the
basis of it, it will be easier to understand the key components of a functional
and efficient layout, including:
● Basic function (administration, patient care, and support
service).
● The practical design features assure efficient patient handling
and optimum traffic flow.
Key Words: Healing Space, Healing architecture (healing through architecture), Healing
environment, Red list free materials, Space articulation & interpretation, Functional, Impact
of nature, Perception, Light
Project:
“The space we are in really contributes to our health and well-being,”
(Amy Wing)
Primary Health care facility of General Hospital for 100 beds with
up-to-the-mark diagnostics, Inpatient, outpatient, operation theatre etc. is
required. A hospital is a technical building and can be compared with a
machine whose efficiency depends upon the efficiency of its various parts.
While designing a hospital major task for students is to create an effective
design, various departments of a hospital should have efficient circulation
within departments and effective coordination with the rest of the hospital.
Students are required to design for future needs and spaces that help in
healing processes. Design that proceed processing help orient and direct
visitors, reduced distances between the related department and allow all the
nurses and doctors no work more efficiently is demanded by healthCare
Professionals.1
Students are expected to learn all the key departments, function flows,
Technical requirements, hospital services, Hygienic materials, building
services, sterilization systems, incinerators etc.
Students are required to choose the services that they should be provided in
general hospitals that would cater to the need of Johar town in specific,
Lahore in general and Punjab in the region.
Design Objectives:
The project has the following objectives:
● To provide exemplary care to patients not geographically confined to

hospital facilities.
● To achieve efficiency, flexibility and functionality in Design.
● To understand and analyze the complexities of building systems in Design.
● Familiarization with form, space, texture, mediums and their behaviours.
● Exploring the role of natural light and Environment in healing through
architecture.
● Expertise and innovation in the program of General Hospital (Diagnostic,
Inpatient, outpatient, emergency, operation theatre etc.)
Project Programme:
The required design of the General hospital must have a program that should
include the following units:
● ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT
● OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT
● INPATIENT DEPARTMENT
● OPERATING SUITES, WITH ALLIED FACILITIES
● RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
● EMERGENCY
● OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
● INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
● NEUROLOGY
● ORTHOPEDIC
● SURGICAL DEPARTMENT
● DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE
o CARDIOLOGY
o INTERNAL MEDICINE
o GASTROENTEROLOGY
o PULMONARY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
o HEMATOLOGY
o DIABETIC, ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
● PATHOLOGY DEPARTMENT
● PEDIATRICS
● PSYCHIATRY
● PHYSIOTHERAPY DEPARTMENT
● DEPARTMENT OF DENTISTRY
● RESEARCH CENTER
● SUPPORTING SERVICES
o PHARMACY
o CAFETERIA
o BUILDING AND GROUND MAINTENANCE
o BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
o HOUSEKEEPING/LAUNDRY
o STORES
o C.S.S.D
o AMBULANCE PARKING
o PARKING
*Students can change or add to the program as per their design concept and literature review
Project Deliverables:
Each student will present:
■ Documented site with all features analysis

■ Literature study for understanding Primary health care and Hospital
departmentsSpace articulation & interpretation, Form, volume, ultimately enhanced
by natural light, natural gardens, healing spaces etc
■ Master plan and its development processes
■ Complex Building systems
■ Departmental flow diagrams
■ Complete architectural drawings
■ Project report highlighting the design process and final iterations.
Project Duration: 08 Weeks

Schedule:
Week 1: Project & Site Introduction
Week 2: Site Analysis, Literature Review (including General hospital projects)

and Master Planning
Week 3: Design Development
Week 4: Design Synthesis
Week 5: Drawings development (Mid- Jury)
Week 6: Drawings finalization
Week 7: Presentation Development
Week 8: Final Jury

Source Material:
Please, refer to the given below.
.
REFERENCE:
1 Wheeler, Todd
Hospital Design And Function
Mcgraw Hill Publication,1994.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
● Wheeler, Todd
Hospital Design And Function
Mcgraw Hill Publication,1994.
● Malkin,Jain
Hospital Interior Architecture New York
Van Nostrand Reinhold USA
● R.Porter,David
Hospital Architecture
Guidelines For Design And Renewal.1996.
● Anthony Cox And Philip Groves
Design For Health Care
London, 1992.
● Cadill, William Wayne and Merriweather, William and Kennon Paul
Architecture and you, How to experience and enjoy buildings.
New York:
Watson-Guptill Publications USA, 1978.
More will be provided as and when required.

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National College of Arts

Architecture Design Studio III 5th Semester 2023,

Course Instructors: Mr M.Azib Bajwa, Mr Asad Ali, Mr Muhammad Ali

SEMESTER V: Project 3 (Exam):

Healing Environments/Architecture: General Hospital

Introduction & Importance:

● To provide exemplary care to patients not geographically confined to

● OPERATING SUITES, WITH ALLIED FACILITIES

● OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY

● INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

o PULMONARY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE

o DIABETIC, ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM

o BUILDING AND GROUND MAINTENANCE

■ Documented site with all features analysis

Project Duration: 08 Weeks

Week 1: Project & Site Introduction

Week 2: Site Analysis, Literature Review (including General hospital projects)

Week 3: Design Development

Week 4: Design Synthesis

Week 5: Drawings development (Mid- Jury)

Week 6: Drawings finalization

Week 7: Presentation Development

Week 8: Final Jury

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