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April-04 Percentile

1) The document discusses calculating percentiles using the t-distribution table. It provides examples of finding the percentile corresponding to a given t-value and degrees of freedom, and vice versa. 2) Individual practice questions are provided to reinforce the concepts, such as finding the percentile of a given t-value or the t-value of a given percentile. 3) Key points define a percentile as a number on a statistical distribution whose percentage is equal to the area to its left under the curve.

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MAKI
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280 views18 pages

April-04 Percentile

1) The document discusses calculating percentiles using the t-distribution table. It provides examples of finding the percentile corresponding to a given t-value and degrees of freedom, and vice versa. 2) Individual practice questions are provided to reinforce the concepts, such as finding the percentile of a given t-value or the t-value of a given percentile. 3) Key points define a percentile as a number on a statistical distribution whose percentage is equal to the area to its left under the curve.

Uploaded by

MAKI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 3

Calculating
Percentiles Using the
t-Distribution
Objective

At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to


correctly identify percentiles using the 𝑡-table.
Essential Questions

● How do we identify percentiles using the 𝑡-table?

● How do you find the 𝑡 −value given the percentile and


degrees of freedom?
Warm Up!

Before we start with the lesson, let us recall first what a


percentile is.

(Click the link to access the video.)

Quantitative Specialists. “Percentiles – Introductory Statistics.”


YouTube video, 5:55. Posted 21 July 2015. Retrieved 29
August 2019 from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mDJvDRvvDXo
Guide Questions

● What does a percentile mean?

● What is the percentage of the students less than the 50th


percentile?
Learn about It!

Percentile
1 a number on a statistical distribution whose percentage is equal to the area to its
left that is under the curve

Example:
Try It!

Example 1: If 𝑡 = 1.134 with degrees of freedom equal to 6,


what percentile does this represent?
Try It!

Example 1: If 𝑡 = 1.134 with degrees of freedom equal to 6,


what percentile does this represent?

Solution:
1. Determine the values given in the problem.

𝑑𝑓 = 6
𝑡 = 1.134
Try It!

Solution:
2. Locate the given 𝑡-value in the 𝑡-table.
𝑑𝑓 = 6; 𝑡 = 1.134

The upper-tail probability is 0.15 or 15%.


Try It!

Solution:

This means that to the right of 𝑡 = 1.134 with 𝑑𝑓 = 6, the area


under the curve is 0.15. Consequently, the area to the left of
the 𝑡-value must be 0.85.

Hence, the 𝑡-score given represents 85th percentile.


Try It!

Example 2: In a national dance competition where 30 groups


joined, the top 20% of the contestant’s scores were 85 and
above on the elimination round. What is the corresponding 𝑡-
value of this score?
Try It!

Example 2: In a national dance competition where 30 groups


joined, the top 20% of the contestant’s scores were 85 and
above on the elimination round. What is the corresponding 𝑡-
value of this score?
Solution:
We are looking for the 𝑡-value that represents the 80th
percentile since we are considering the upper 20% of the
scores.

We need look at the table with an upper-tail probability of


0.20.
Try It!

Solution:
We also need to consider that the degrees of freedom is
𝑑𝑓 = 30 − 1 = 29.

Hence, the corresponding


𝑡-value of the 80th percentile
score is 0.854, as shown.
Let’s Practice!

Individual Practice:

1. If 𝑡 = 1.74 with degrees of freedom equal to 17, what


percentile does this represent?

2. In a class where there is a sample of 10 students, the 75th


percentile of their PE examination grade was 84. What is
the corresponding 𝑡-value of this score?
ASSIGNMENT
Let’s Practice! 20:

1. A start-up company conducted a study on the


measurement of the bamboo straws that their company
produces. The owner took 5 samples of bamboo straws and
measured their length below.

20.32 cm, 21.59 cm, 22.09 cm, 23.50 cm, 20.70 cm.

If the population mean is 20.45 cm, determine the percentile


of the sample mean.
ASSIGNMENT
Let’s Practice! 20:
2. Suppose 15 respondents were selected from a
normal population. If the population mean was
6.43, the sample mean is 7.2, and the standard
deviation is 2.26, what percentile does the t-value
of the given represent?
3. There was an event in school, and the students
were asked to give donations to a charity. One
teacher found out that from 25 students, the 98th
percentile of the amount of donations was 150.
What is the corresponding 𝑡-value of this amount?
Key Points

Percentile
1 a number on a statistical distribution whose percentage is equal to the area to its
left that is under the curve
Synthesis

● How do you find the percentile using the 𝑡-table?

● In education, how can you apply the 𝑡-value and


percentiles?

● How do we construct the confidence interval for the mean


in 𝑡-distribution?

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